Term
| Primary role of blood vessels |
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Definition
| transport blood components and exchange nutrients and wate products and gases between tissues and the blood stream |
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Definition
| Internal space of blood vessels through which the blood flows |
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Definition
| carry blood away from the heart chambers |
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Definition
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Definition
| carry blood toward the heart chambers |
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Definition
| Where some exchange of materials occurs |
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Definition
1. tunica externa (adventitia)
2. tunica media
3. tunica intima |
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Term
| tunica externa (adventitia) |
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Definition
| Outer vessel layer that is composed of fibrous connective tissue |
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Definition
| Middle vessel layer that is composed of a single layer, or scattered cells of smooth muscle |
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Definition
| Inner vessel layer that consists of simple squamous epithelial tissue |
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Definition
-carry blood away from heart chambers
-often called pressure reservoirs as the elastic nature of the vessles helps to keep blood flowing during periods of time when the ventricles are not contracting |
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Term
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Definition
-largest arteries in the body (e.g. aorta)
-have numerous elastic fibers that are capable of accommodating the force of blood as it is pumped out of the left ventricle. |
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Definition
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distribute blood to organs throughout the body
-have a thick tunica media and are typically named for the organs or structures that they supply |
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Definition
-known as resistance vessels as they help to regulate blood flow and pressure
-fine control through vasoconstriction or vasodilation |
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Definition
| shortvessels that connect arterioles with the proximal ends of 20-100 capillaries as it extends through the capillary bed |
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Definition
| Smooth muscle cells that encircle the ends of metarterioles and regulate blood flow into the capillary network. |
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Definition
| carry blood toward the heart chambers often called blood reservoirs as more than 60% of blood occurs in these channels at any one time |
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Term
| Large and medium-sized veins |
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Definition
-known as capacitance vessels due their stretchability.
-have a fairly large tunica media and drain organs and tissues throughout the body |
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Definition
-receive blood as it passes from the capillaries into the venous system
-have small luminal diameters, scattered muscle cells, and a very porous endothelium |
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Definition
-transport blood from metarterioles to venules
-the structural and functional units of the vascular system |
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Definition
-Continuous capillaries
-Fenestrated capillaries
-Sinusoids |
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Definition
-characterized by a continuous layer of endothelium
-most common in the body |
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Term
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Definition
-have intercellular clefts, but also contain small pores through the plasma membranes
-porous and allow for bulk diffusion of materials |
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Definition
-have very large luminal diameters and form torturous courses through tissues
-extremely porous and even permit whole blood cells to easily pass through into surrounding tissues |
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Definition
| 'hardening of the arteries' in which a fatty placque, and often calcium deposits, build up between the tunica intima and the tunica media |
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Term
| Structures involved in fetal circulation |
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Definition
-Placenta
-Umbilical vessels
-Foramen ovale
-Ductus arteriosus |
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Definition
-substances like oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, blood components, and waste products can pass through
-no direct mixing of blood between the chorion and endometrium |
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Definition
| has a greater affinity for low oxygen levels and makes mixed blood more effective at delivering sufficient oxygen to fetal tissues |
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Definition
-Enters the systematic circulation of the fetus
-oxygenated maternal blood mixed with the non-oxygenated blood of the fetus |
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Definition
-umbilical cord
-umbilical arteries
-umbilical vein
-ductus venosus |
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Definition
| forms a conduit from the placenta to the fetus and vice versa |
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Definition
| extensions of the internal iliac arteries and carry fetal blood to the placenta |
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Definition
| returns oxygenated blood from the placenta |
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Definition
| enters the inferior vena cava from the liver with oxygentated fetal blood from the placenta |
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Term
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Definition
-occurs as an opening in the interatrial septum
-A valve at the opening of the inferior vena cava helps direct a large percentage of blood through this |
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Definition
| small arteriolar connection between the pulmonary trunk and the aortic arch |
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