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An organ of plants, the purpose of which is to:
Anchor the plant in place
Absorb minerals and water
Store Carbohydrates
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The main vertical root in plants
Present in most gymnosperms
Penetrates deeply ;)
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| Roots that branch off of the taproot |
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Roots that grow off of lateral roots
Increase surface area for more effecient absorbtion of water/nutrients/etc |
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The stalk upon which leaves grow
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| POint on stem where leaves are attached |
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| Stem segments between nodes |
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Structure that can form a lateral shoot
Growth inhibited by proximity to apical bud |
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Elongation point of a growing shoot
Composed of developing leaves, nodes, and internodes |
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Main photosynthetic organ of plants
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| Flattened structure of the leaf |
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| Small "leaf stem" that joins leaf to stem at the node |
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| An adventitious root that arises from the stem, penetrates the soil, and helps support the stem, as in corn. Also called brace root |
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A root that stores food in the form of carbohydrates
Ex: Potatoes |
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a modified subterranean stem of a plant that is usually found underground, often sending out roots and shoots from its nodes.
develop from axillary buds and are diageotropic or grow perpendicular to the force of gravity. The rhizome also retains the ability to allow new shoots to grow upwards.
Ex: ginger |
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| a resting stage of a plant (as the lily, onion, hyacinth, or tulip) that is usually formed underground and consists of a short stem base bearing one or more buds enclosed in overlapping membranous or fleshy leaves |
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| A creeping horizontal plant stem or runner that takes root at points along its length to form new plants.[image] |
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| A much thickened underground part of a stem or rhizome, e.g., in the potato, serving as a food reserve and bearing buds from which new plants arise |
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A leaf that has an undivided blade
[image] |
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A leaf that has a fully subdivided blade, each leaflet of the blade separated along a main or secondary vein
[image] |
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a specialized stem, leaf or petiole with a threadlike shape that is used by climbing plants for support, attachment and cellular invasion
[image] |
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| a stiff rigid structure with a sharp point from a highly modified leaf, scale, or stipule, usually contains vascular tissue and originate in the axil[image] |
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a modified or specialized leaf, especially one associated with a reproductive structure such as a flower, inflorescence axis, or cone scale
[image]
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The outer protective layer of the 3 tissue system
Contains the epidermis and the cuticle
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| The outer layers of cell in a plants dermal tissue [image] |
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| The waxy coating over a plants epidermis |
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The tissue that specializes in long-distance transport of materials between root and shoot
Contains xylem, ploem, and stele |
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The part of the vascular tissue that conducts water and mierals up from the roots to the shoots
Consists of dead, empty carbohydrate tubes |
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The part of the plants vascular system that transports sugars to where they are needed
Has cell membranes that allow transport based on sugar/water concentrations |
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| the central part of the root or stem containing the tissues derived from the procambium |
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The tissue that is neither dermal not vascular in plants
Contains the pith and cortex |
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| Ground tissue that is inernal to vascular tissue |
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| The ground tissue that is external to vascular tissue |
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| Developmental changes in a cell's cytoplasm, organelles, and/or cell walls during development |
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| Tissue that is pereptually embryonic (divided) |
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| A meristem at the tip of a plant shoot or root that causes the shoot or root to increase in length. apical meristem |
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| A meristem in vascular plants, such as the cambium, in which secondary growth occurs. lateral meristem |
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| Adds layers of secondary xylem and secondary ploem |
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| Replaces epidermis with tough periderm |
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the cellular tissue, typically soft and succulent, found chiefly in the softer parts of leaves, pulp of fruits, bark and pith of stems, etc.
Have relatively thin and flexible cell walls, most lack a secondary wall
Generally have a large central vacuole |
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A type of cell strengthened by the strengthening of its cell wall
Often seen in shoots
Walls are unevenly thickened
At maturity, are living and flexible, elongating with the stem that they support |
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A type of cell that acts as a supporting element (like collenchyma), but are very rigid
Secondary walls are thick and contain large amounts of lignin
Are relatively undigestible
Account for about a quarter of the biomass of dry wood
Mature cells cannot elongate
Present in vascular plants, but not bryophytes
Two types: sclerids and fibers |
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