Term
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Definition
- Functions:
- Converts organic materials into cellular energy (ATP)
- Cellular respiration
- Oxidation
- Urea synthesis
- Heme synthesis
- Has a double membrane
- Independent "genome"
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Term
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Definition
- Genetic abnormalities in mitochondria caus abnormalities
- The severity of mitochondrial diseases is affected by how many mutated mtDNA are present in a given cell or tissue
- These abnormalities lead to altered enzymes, ribonucleic acids, electron transport components, and membrane transport systems
- Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy
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Term
| Cytoplasmic Nonmembranous Organelles: Cytoskeleton |
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Definition
- The skeleton of the cell
- A dnyamic and elaborate series of rods runnign through the cytosol.
- Consists of microfilaments (smallest), intermediate filaments (medium), microtubules (largest)
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Term
Cytoplasmic Nonmembranous Organelles: Cytoskeleton - Microfilament
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Definition
- Function: Involved in cell motility and changes in cell shape
- Subunit: actin
- Attached to the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane
- Braces and strengthens the cell surface
- Attaches to CAM's and functions in endocytosis and exocytosis
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Term
| Cytoplasmic Nonmembranous Organelles: Cytoskeleton - Intermediate Filament |
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Definition
- Function: To resist pulling forces on the cell and to help form desosomes.
- Subunit: tough, insolutbel fibers with high tensile strength
- Does not bind ATP does not serve as "tracks"
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Term
| Cytoplasmic Nonmembranous Organelles: Cytoskeleton - Microtubules |
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Definition
- Function: to attach organelles and the ability to move them using motor proteins
- Subunit - tubulin
- Dynamic hollow tubes made of the spherical protein tubulin
- Determines the overall shape of the cell and the distribution of its organeles
- Powered by ATP
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