Term
| Name 4 ways plants are different/special |
|
Definition
1. high phenotypic plasticity
2. indeterminant growth
3. clonal growth
4. modular body |
|
|
Term
| ________ is when form and physiology adjust to the environment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of phenotypic plasticity |
|
Definition
| Pygmy forest - each terrace is 100,000 older; plants at hardpan are stunted |
|
|
Term
| ________ means a plant keeps growing throughout its entire life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because plants are able to grow leaves, stems, and roots throughout life, they are said to have a ________ body. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ growth = asexual reproduction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ________ is a GENETIC individual that exists as an entire GROUP of plants, made up of physiologically independent clones. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _______ is a clone, or member of a genet. It is physiologically independent. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 2 examples of a genet/ramet |
|
Definition
1. quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides)
2. creosote bush(Larrea tridentata) |
|
|
Term
| _______ is the "name" given to the genet of quaking aspen in the Wasatch Mountains in Utah |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ is the "name" given to the genet of the creosote bush. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is the clonal growth form in which ramets are tightly branched. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The phalanx growth form is a foraging/competition strategy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is the clonal growth form in which ramets are wide-ranging. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The guerilla growth form is a foraging/competition strategy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of phalanx/guerilla growth? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ is the arrested growth and development of a seed/plant. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ is a group of dormant seeds. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 2 places where seed banks can be located. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| There are _________+ seeds in a seed bank in agricultural soil. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In tropical forests, there are <_______ seeds per sq. meter. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 4 dormancy mechanisms. |
|
Definition
1. incomplete embryo development
2. biochemical trigger
3. impermeable seed coat
4. germination inhibitors |
|
|
Term
| A ________ is a dormancy mechanism that has environmental cue/condition that causes a reaction inside the seed to start the process of germination. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is a moist cold treatment |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ breaks the barrier of the seed coat (e.g. fire) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 2 examples of scarification |
|
Definition
1. chaparral (shrub)
2. Fremontodendron decumbens (endangered Pine Hill flannel bush) |
|
|
Term
| Seeds are germinated best for ____ minutes at ____ degrees C. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of mechanical scarification of seeds. |
|
Definition
| smoke tree in arroyoi dry gulley carved by floods |
|
|
Term
| Name 3 reasons why seed banks are important. |
|
Definition
1. seed bank COMPOSITION different from vegetation competition
2. most of a population exists within a seed bank
3. a seed bank is a genetic reservoir |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a place where the # of tree species in actual vegetation greatly differs from the # of species within the seed bank. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the place where there are only 100 grasses per sq. meter but 30,000 seeds per sq. meter. |
|
Definition
| California annual grassland |
|
|
Term
| Name 4 types of population models. |
|
Definition
1. simple discrete-time model
2. continous time model |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that uses a simple-discrete time model. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give the formula for a simple-discrete time model. |
|
Definition
| N(t+1) = N(t) + B + I - D - E |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a sink/source population. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Immigration and emigration are important for analyzing ___________, which is the mosaic of populations. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _________ time model gives a J-shaped curve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A J-shaped curve in a continuous time model shows ______ growth. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| An S-shaped curve in a continuous time model shows ______ growth. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is the maximum number of individuals a habitat can support, represented by K in a continuous time model. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give the formula for the continuous time model and what everything stands for. |
|
Definition
rate of population change = dN/dt = Nrmax(K-N) / K
Nrmax = b - d = intrinsic rate of natural increase |
|
|
Term
| Carrying capacity (K) is based on ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Because plants are modular/plastic, carrying capacity K is often replaced by ________, in which we combine density with biomass/individual to create a more realistic value. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ means that the yield is the same for a wide-ranging density. There may be more #s of plants, but the biomass is the same no matter how many seeds you plant. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _______ is a complex discrete-time period model. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name the 2 types of life tables. |
|
Definition
1. cohort life table
2. static life table |
|
|
Term
| A _______ life table follows 1 generation through time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _______ life table assumes that the current age structure is constant through time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that uses the static life table. |
|
Definition
| Pinus longaeva (Bristlecone pine) |
|
|
Term
| A ______ is used to extract core wood from a tree. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is the proportion of the original cohort surviving to the beginning of each age interval. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ curves show mortality pattern with age. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Type (1,2,3?) survivorship curve represents annual plants, small plants, and big animals. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Type (1,2,3?) survivorship curve represents seeds in soil. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Type (1,2,3?) survivorship curve represents perennial plants (trees), big plants, small animals. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Type ___ plants have a low chance of survival when young, but once established, will live a very long time. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Oftentimes, a stable population will have a ___-shaped curve. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a stable population with an L-shaped curve. |
|
Definition
| Pinus rubens (red spruce) |
|
|
Term
| _______ is the term for sporadic seedling success. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that practices episodic establishment. |
|
Definition
| Pinus banksiana (Jack pine) |
|
|
Term
| _______ are closed-cone pine cones that release seeds after a fire. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Episodic establishment depends on ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give the formula for net reproductive rate. |
|
Definition
R0 = Sigma (lx)(bx)
lx = survivorship (# individuals that survived to that age)
bx = fecundity (# offspring/individual) |
|
|
Term
If R0 > 1, the population is ________
If R0 = 1, the population is ________
If R0 < 1, the population is ________ |
|
Definition
increasing
stable
decreasing |
|
|
Term
| A transition matrix model multiplies _______ by _________. |
|
Definition
| population vector, transition matrix |
|
|
Term
| Give 4 examples of plants that uses a transition matrix model. |
|
Definition
Plantago
Trillium
Dipsacus sylvaticus (teasel)
Torreya taxifolia (Florida torreya) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ________ represents the probability to transition between one census and the next. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ is an analysis in which models predict the probability of extinction. |
|
Definition
| Population viability analysis (PVA) |
|
|
Term
| _______ was a German agriculturalist who discovered mineral fertilizer and the Law of the Minimum. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ states that growth/distribution depends on the most limiting environmental factor. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the limiting factor in Australian legumes studied by Liebig? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ was an American who proposed the Theory of Tolerance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ states that abiotic factors define potential range for plants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The __________ is the point on a graph where the plant can grow the best. |
|
Definition
| Physiological/Potential Optimum |
|
|
Term
| Name the plant that cattle avoid because it causes their skin to sunburn. |
|
Definition
| Hypericum perforatum (Klamath weed) |
|
|
Term
| What animal is used to control the Klamath weed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is the appearance of a plant that is determined by genotype and environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is the genetic make-up of a plant. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is a genetically determined trait with survival/reproductive benefit. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is the resemblance between relatives due to shared genes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give the formula for heritability. |
|
Definition
h^2 = Vg/Vp
Vg = variation due to genotype
Vp = total phenotypic variation |
|
|
Term
| Give 2 reasons why variation due to genotype is beneficial. |
|
Definition
1. allows for evolutionary flexibility (ability to adapt)
2. dominant alleles mask lethal recessive alleles |
|
|
Term
| _______ is the random loss of genetic variation by chance alone. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a species that is vulnerable to genetic drift. |
|
Definition
| Wollemi pine in Australia (only 40 plants exist!) --> currently no measurable genetic diversity |
|
|
Term
| Name 2 sources of new genetic variation. |
|
Definition
1. mutation
2. immigration |
|
|
Term
| _____ is a heritable change in DNA experienced by about 10% of each generation of a population. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ occurs when the same twig/leaf forms in a juvenile and an adult. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that shows homoblasty. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ occurs when a different twig/leaf forms in a juvenile and an adult. (2 names) |
|
Definition
| Heteroblasty or juvenile foliage |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that shows heteroblasty. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ refers to a branching type with wide-angled branches and small leaves. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 2 examples of a species that has a divaricate juvenile (heteroblasty). |
|
Definition
Pennantia corymbosa
Plagianthus regius |
|
|
Term
| Explain how divaricate branches came to exist. |
|
Definition
| Divaricate branches resist tearing and are difficult to swallow, which protected them from being predated by moas (now extinct birds) |
|
|
Term
| _______ is a type of phenotypic plasticity in which leaf forms vary dramatically depending on the leaf's environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Many plants growing in water (half in/half out) show __________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ______ is a group of individuals who are related closely enough to interbreed. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _______ includes population that are morphologically similar and POTENTIALLY interbreeding. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is a method to determine whether traits are genetic or environmentally determined. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ performed a common garden experiment on hawkweed (Hieracium)in Sweden. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _______ is a subspecies within a species that is adapted to a specific environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 2 plant species that represents an ecotype. |
|
Definition
Potentilla glandulosa
Geranium sanguineum
Agrostis tenuis (bentgrass) - metal soil |
|
|
Term
| A ______ is a group of species that are phenotypically different when apart, but become more similar when placed into a common garden. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of an ecophene. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ________ is a continuous variation in traits along an environmental gradient. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is an ecotypic trait that describes the timing of life cycle events (flowering, germination) and behavior. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 3 types of ecotypic traits (traits that can change when placed into a common garden). |
|
Definition
1. Morphology
2. Phenology
3. Physiology (photosynthesis rate) |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of an ecophysiological ecotype. |
|
Definition
| Oxyria digyna (alpine sorrel) - gets sunburned in alpine but not arctic tundra |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that does not have ecotypes (i.e. it's tolerant of all environmental conditions). |
|
Definition
| Pinus sabiniana (foothill pine) |
|
|
Term
| _______ is the plastic, temporary change caused by PAST environment. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that shows acclimation (affected by PAST environment). |
|
Definition
| Senecio vulgaris (groundsel) - temp. at which seed germinated later affected growth of plants even when they were all in the same environment |
|
|
Term
| _______ refers to how a plant builds its body and behaves (phenology). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name 8 factors of Raunkiaer's growth form system. |
|
Definition
1. size
2. lifespan
3. woodiness
4. nutrition mode
5. features (spines, etc.)
6. leaf traits (shape, etc.)
7. phenology
8. location of overwintering buds |
|
|
Term
______ is a Raunkiaer category in which buds are >50 cm above the ground.
e.g. trees and tall shrubs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
______ is a Raunkiaer category in which buds are <50 cm above the ground.
e.g. dwarf shrub |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a chamaephyte. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is a Raunkiaer category in which buds are at the surface of the plant but die back to ground level every fall. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a hemicryptophyte. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is a Raunkiaer category in which buds are below the ground. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a cryptophyte. |
|
Definition
| bulb plants like Trillium |
|
|
Term
| ______ is a Raunkiaer category in which tha plant seed overwinters. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a therophyte. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is a Raunkiaer category in which the plant is a woody vine. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a liana growth form. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is a Raunkiaer category in which the plant germinates and grows on other plants. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of an epiphyte. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a commensalist. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a mutualism. |
|
Definition
| Advanticious canopy roots in tropical forests. |
|
|
Term
| ______ are parasites that lack chlorophyll. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a holoparasite. |
|
Definition
| Cucuta (witch's hair or love vine or dodder) |
|
|
Term
| ______ are modified roots that tap into the host, used by holoparasites. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a hemiparasite. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ produces genetically identical offspring via mitosis. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ is when asexual seeds produce seed clones. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of 2 plants that practice agamospermy. |
|
Definition
1. Taraxacum (dandelion)
2. Rubus |
|
|
Term
| ______ produces genetically varying offspring via meiosis and fertilization. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is reduction division (2N to 1N). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is when gametes form a zygote (1N to 2N). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ describes a plant life cycle in which there are two bodies and one cycle (alternation of generations). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In mosses, the major body is a sporophyte or gametophyte? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In seed plants and ferns, the major body is a sporphyte or gametophyte? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In seed plants, the male gametophyte is the ________. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. baby plant (new sporophyte)
2. in box (seed coat)
3. with lunch (endosperm) |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that fuses its petals to create tubular structures involved in pollination. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A plant with both stamens and pistils is said to be ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When a plant has all 4 parts (sepal, petal, stamen, pistil), it is said to be ______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When pistils and stamins are on separate plants, the plant is said to be _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 2 examples of dioecious plants. |
|
Definition
1. Juniperus virginiana
2. Diospyros virginiana (persimmon) |
|
|
Term
| When a plant does not have all 4 parts (sepal, petal, stamen, pistil), it is said to be _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A group of flowers is referred to as a _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ flowers are a type of inflorescence in which the petals fuse on the outside. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ flowers are a type of inflorescence in which the petals fuse on the inner part. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 2 examples of inflorescences. |
|
Definition
1. Asteraceae (sunflower)
2. Cornus florida (dogwood) |
|
|
Term
| ______ are the white structures in Cornus florida that look like they are the petals but they are not. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pollination is the transfer of pollen from a _______ to a _______. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ______ is a landing platform for pollen. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ is the fusion of sperm and egg in the ovule to form a zygote. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ pollination occurs when pollen is carried by wind or water. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a plant that is wind pollinated. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Pollen is high in what 4 substances? |
|
Definition
1. protein
2. lipids
3. minerals
4. starch |
|
|
Term
| ________ is the term for multiple stamens. |
|
Definition
| Sequential anther dehiscence |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of sequential anther dehiscence. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ are anthers that have holes in them (aka saltshaker anthers) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of poricidal anthers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ is the sugary fluid produced by nectar glands (nectaries). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that produces nectar. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 3 purposes for plant oil/resin. |
|
Definition
1. nest construction
2. food for larvae
3. cologne for male bees |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a species that has oil/resin. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is when the transfer of pollen to the stigma of another flower is aided by learning. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Directed dispersal fosters _______, meaning bees visit just that one species on a foraging trip. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The style can be referred to as a ________ because only the first two pollen grains to arrive get to fertilize (when there are many at a time). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that has a "selective racetrack". |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is the act of mating with others to generate genetic variation. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ refers to the trait in which flowers differ in stame/style length. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ refers to the trait in which there are two different "morphs" of a perfect flower, each type of morph on a different plant. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 4 ways to favor outcrossing. |
|
Definition
1. dioecy
2. floral morphology
3. floral phenology
4. self-incompatibility |
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that shows distyly. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _____ is a type of floral phenology in which the anthers dehisce first and then stigmas close, then the anthers close and stigmas open. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is a type of floral phenology in which the stigma is receptive first and then the anthers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ refers to the plant behavior in which it stops germinating/growing as a means to favor outcrossing. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are pollinators with good sight and smell. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A ________ is the place on a flower for a bee to land. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ are patterns that direct a bee to nectar. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are pollinators that have poor vision but good smell. Attracted to large, light colored flowers that are fruity or spicy. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a flower that beetles pollinate. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are pollinators that have poor smell but good vision. Attracted to red/orange flowers of little fragrance. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant pollinated by a bird. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _______ is the term that describes how flower traits and pollinator traits adapt to each other. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are pollinators that are active during the day, have good sight, but cannot hover. Attracted to yellow, blue, and pink flowers. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are pollinators that have poor sight but good smell, and are attracted to fruity smelling flowers at night. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant pollinated by butterflies. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 2 examples of plants pollinated by bats. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are pollinators with poor vision but good smell. Attracted to sweet-smelling, light-colored flowers that open at night. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant pollinated by moths. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A _______ is a long pouch with nectar at the bottom. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that has a long nectar spur that represents runaway selection. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ______ are pollinators that are attracted to a rotting fruit smell/appearence. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give 2 examples of a plant that paratizes a fly. |
|
Definition
Stapelia
Asimina triloba
Rafflesia
Titan arum |
|
|
Term
| _______ are flowers that look/smell like a female bee. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name a plant that parasitizes a bee by making it fall on its back to catch pollen. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| _________ occurs when a visitor removes the rewards of a flower but does not pollinate it. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Give an example of a plant that experiences floral larceny. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the Yucca filamentosa plant punish a cheating Yucca moth that lays too many eggs? |
|
Definition
| Plant aborts fruits (ovaries) that have a low # of seeds. |
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Term
| ________ describes the effects transmitted through the food web. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _______ is a location suitable for germination and seedling establishment. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 5 reasons why seeds want to disperse. |
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Definition
1. escape competition (from parent/sibling)
2. escape predation
3. find new habitats
4. gene flow
5. maintain sink population |
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Term
| The _______ is the pattern of seed dispersal with distance from parents. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _______ is an area with conditions suitable for a specific plant to live in. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ______ is the outer protective layer of the pericarp. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ______ is the edible part of the pericarp. |
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Definition
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Term
| The _____ is the inner part of the pericarp that protects the seed from being eaten. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _______ is a seed that is fused to the pericarp at one point. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 2 examples of plants that have achenes. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ______ is a seed that is fused entirely to the pericarp. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 3 examples of plants that have grains. |
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Definition
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Term
| Because sometimes it is the fruit that is dispersed and sometimes it is the seed that is dispersed, we refer to the single dispersal unit as the _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 3 functions of a fruit/seed coat. |
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Definition
1. protection
2. seed dormancy
3. seed dispersal (some have wings, barbs, or yumminess) |
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Term
| __________ is a type of abiotic dispersal in which the fruit throws/squirts seeds. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 2 examples of plants that have ballistic dispersal. |
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Definition
1. touch me not
2. Cardamine hirsuta |
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Term
| Give an example of a plant that has wind dispersal. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of a plant that has water dispersal. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ refers to a diaspore being carried on the OUTSIDE of a body. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give 2 examples of plants that show epizoochory. |
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Definition
1. Soliva sessila (lawn burweed)
2. Proboscidea (Devil's claw) |
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Term
| The Clark's nutcracker is an example of a ________, because it disperses tons of seeds in different places. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of a plant whose seeds are dispersed via scatter hoarding epizoochory. |
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Definition
| Pinus albicaulus (white bark pine) |
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Term
| _______ refers to a diaspore being eaten in order to be dispersed. |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of an animal and the plant whose seeds it disperses via endozoochory. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ is seed dispersal by ants. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 7 plants that use myrmecochory. |
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Definition
1. Stylophorum
2. Fremontodendron
3. Trillium
4. Hexastylus arifolia
5. Bloodroot
6. Erythronium
7. Viola |
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Term
| ________ is the food body outside the seed coat or the fruit that acts as a reward for the animal dispersing. |
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Definition
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Term
| The animal for pollen dispersal is _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The animal for seed dispersal is ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The target for pollen dispersal is ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The target for seed dispersal is ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The motivation to target for pollen dispersal is ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The motivation to target for seed dispersal is ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The cues to target for pollen dispersal is ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The cues to target for seed dispersal is ______. |
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Definition
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