Term
|
Definition
A relatively permanent change in an organisms behavior due to its enviroment. - can profit from change
- adaption
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
our capacity to learn new behaviors that enable us to cope with our circumstances. Requires nature and nurture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Natural occuring connection between events that occus in sequence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The process of linking events that occur close together. Helps to predict the immediate future. Example: Animals learn to associate things inportant to their survival. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the process of learning associations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
learning to associate two stimuli and thus anticipate events |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Learning to associate a response and its consequence and thus repeat acts followed by good results or avoid acts followed by bad results. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Observing other's experiences and exmaples. (Learning to adapt to our environment and learn new behaviors.) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Psychology should be: - an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes.
- inner thoughts, feelings, and motives should be discarded.
|
|
|
Term
Unconditioned Response (UR) |
|
Definition
The unlearned, naturally occuring response to the unconditional stimulus. - such as salivation when eating.
|
|
|
Term
Unconditioned Stimulus (US) |
|
Definition
a stimulus that unconditionally triggers a response. - naturally & automatic
- has NO relation yet.
- the food before being conditioned
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus. - it is now learned
- the dog will salivate at the sight or sound of a CS
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an originally irrelevant stimulus, that after an association with an unconditioned stimulus triggers a response. - the bell tone or sight of an object that will now trigger a response.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the 1st stage in classical cond.; the phase of associating a neutral stimulus with an US so that the neutral stimulus comes to illicit a CR. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The sight or sound that the organism will later learn to assoc. with a reinforcement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The diminishing responding that occurs when the CS(bell) no longer signals an impending US (food). - sounding bell again and again without food.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the reappearance of the controlled response after a pause. - the CR was just suppress not forgotten.
- The memory never disappeared.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
the tendency, once a response has been cond., for similar stimuli to create the same response. - a child has learned to fear moving cars. She will then fear trucks and motorcycles as well.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The learned ability to distinguish between a CS and a stimuli that does NOT signal an US. - to be able to tell the difference between CSs
- this is an adaptive behavior.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
an awareness of how likely it is that the US will occur. - the thought process is now taken into consideration.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Learning to not eat something that cause an adverse reaction. - Eating seafood caused me to become sick all night...I will not want to eat shrimp again.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- supports Darwin's principle that natural selection favors traits that aid survival.
- Learning enables animals to adapt to their environment.(Adaptation)
- Causes are often immediate.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Will NOT occur if CS appears before CS
- Time lapse: not much only half a second
- helps an animal survival and reproduction
- signals an important event
- shows an animals adaptation
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- underestimated the importance of a conscious of an organism's capacity
- Pavlov laid the foundation for Watson
- both thought that classical cond. is a basic form of learning by which all organisms adapt to their environment.
- Shows that learning can be studied objectively
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- assumed that all animals share a common evolutionary theory and commonalities in their makeup and functioning.
- An animal's capacity for condiotioning IS constrained by its biology.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Organisms associate their own actions with consequences. - actions follwed by reinforcers;increase
- actions follwed by punishers; decrease
- CAN be controlled
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Behavior that occurs as an automatic response to some stimulus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Learning that certain events occur together. - a response and its consequence.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Behavior that works on the environment to produce consequences. |
|
|