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| A type of avoidance in which refraining from action minimizes contact with the aversive stimulus. |
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| The ability of a particular stimulus to elicit a target response. |
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| A term used to describe the persistence of instrumental responding during extinction following intermittent reinforcement. |
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| This is the type of motivation which is created by the reinforcer itself. |
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| Interference with the conditioning of one stimulus due to the presence of another stimulus which is more salient, noticeable or more easily conditioned. |
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| A negative reinforcement procedure in which shock is signalled by the passage of a fixed period of time (FT) only. There is no overt signal. Responses prior to the completion of the FT, prevent the shock. |
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| A theory of avoidance which states that the form of an avoidance response will be dictated by the perceived level of threat. |
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| Behavior which increases in frequency as a result of accidental (coincidental) pairing of reinforcement following the occurrence of a particular behavior. |
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| Gradual or sudden changes in a trained behavior that result in a form of the response that is more similar to species typical responses, and which may interfere with successful training. |
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| Two or more simple schedules of reinforcement which are differentially signaled and available simultaneously. |
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| A complex procedure in which several different schedules of reinforcement may be used AND where those schedules are differentially signaled by different stimuli (RED = FR25; GRN = VI 30 sec; BLU = Extinction). |
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| A relationship in which a reinforcer is delivered if the target response occurs. |
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| Strong, unconditioned or innate responses to aversive stimuli or situations which are characteristically similar among members of the same species and which enable the organism to defend itself against pain or injury. |
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| A learning process in which the subject learns to respond differently to different stimuli because they are paired with different outcomes. |
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| The tendency to approach and interact in biologically relevant ways to those stimuli which signal the availability of food or other US stimuli. |
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| A conditioned response (CR) that is opposite in form to the reaction elicited by the unconditioned stimulus (UCS). |
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| Suppression of a positively reinforced operant response by the presentation of a conditioned stimulus (CS) that has been classically conditioned with an aversive stimulus. |
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| A type of classical conditioning in which the CS- becomes a signal for the absence of the UCS. |
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| The time that elapses between presentations of the CS and the UCS during classical conditioning trials. |
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| The time which elapses between two successive trials in an experiment. |
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| Herrnstein's rule that states that the relative rate of responding for a particular response will equal the relative rate of reinforcement available for that response. |
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Definition
| Two neutral stimuli are repeatedly presented together in a neutral context. Then one of these stimuli is paired with the US resulting in both of the previously neutral stimuli acquire eliciting properties. |
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| Noncontingent delivery of a reinforcer that happens to coincide with a particular response. |
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| A homeostatic theory that states that habituation and sensitization are the end result of two opposing forces. |
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| Two events which occur close together in time or space. |
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| The idea that a subject's evolutionary history causes some reflexes to be more easily associated with certain CS-stimuli because they go together. |
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| The time elapsed between the presentation of a stimulus and the subject’s response. This is often used as a dependent variable. |
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| Interval between successive responses. |
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