adapted programs for students that are gifted and talented which keeps the curriculum the same but allows students to move through it more quickly.

the teacher assumes responsibility for explaining and modeling the idea to be learned.

-          a teaching strategy for at-risk students where the teacher explains concepts and skills through interactive teaching

 the degree to which a student is able to come with the requirements of a school setting and the extent to which the school accommodates the student’s special needs

 a set of adaptive tools that support students with disabilities in learning activities and daily life tasks

those students in danger of failing to complete their education with the skills necessary to survive in modern society.

 the ability to switch back and forth between a dialect and standard English, allows access to both

an English development program to teach in both the native language and English, maintaining and building on the student’s native language.

the linguistic, social, and cultural backgrounds of minority children prevent them from performing well in the classroom.

attributes academic problems of minority students to cultural differences or discontinuities between home and school

 understanding the cultures of the students they teach, communicating positive attitudes about cultural diversity, and employing a variety of instructional approaches that build upon students’ cultural diversity.

 a variation of Standard English that is distinct in vocabulary, grammer, or pronunciation

(used in gifted and talented) provides richer and varied content through strategies that supplement usual grade level work.

breaks intelligence into eight areas: linguistic-mathematical, musical, spatial, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic.

a comprehensive approach to educating students with exceptionalities that advocates a total, systematic, and coordinated web of services

                                                 3 components

1.       including students with special needs in a regular school campus

2.       creating appropriate support and services to guarantee an adaptive fit

3.       coordination general and special education services

outlines an individualizes plan of action for each exceptional student

Components of and IEP

1.       the child’s present levels of education performance

2.       Annual goals and short term instructional objectives

3.       Specific educational services to be provided

4.       The extent to which the child will participate in regular education

5.       Projected date for initiation of services

6.       Expected duration for those services

7.       Objective criteria and evaluation procedures

Intelligence:  three dimensions

-          Abstract thinking and reasoning

-          Problem-solving ability

-          Capacity to acquire knowledge (aptitude)

your preferred way of learning and studying

 one that places students in as normal an educational setting as possible while still meeting their special academic, social and physical needs.

 the practice of moving students with exceptionalities from segregated settings into regular classrooms

 student’s awareness of the ways they learn most effectively and their ability to control these factors.

 examines ways that culture influences learning and attempts to find ways tha students’ cultures can be used to complement and enhance learning.

a learner characteristic that results in a heightened likelihood of success in school and in other aspects of life despite environment adversities.

A focus of research in at risk students

a systematic prereferral and early intervention process that consists of universal screening and several tiers of increasingly intensive trials of research-based interventions before referral for assessment for special education eligibility.

(ESL program) designed to provide students with content instruction along with English language development.

 the combination of parents’ income occupation, and level of education.

disability characterized by emotional or behavioral responses in school programs different from appropriate age, cultural, ethnic norms that affect educational performance; more than a temporary; expected response to stressful events in the environment.

-          Exhibited in two different settings at least one of which is school-related

-          Unresponsive to direct intervention in general education

-          Condition of the child such that general education interventions would be insufficient

are at the upper end of the ability continuum and need special services to reach their full potential.

are those who require special help to reach their full potential

-          Result of PL 94-142 (IDEA) passed in 1975 with the goal of ensuring a high-quality, free public education for all students with exceptionalities.

a disability characterized by significant limitations in both intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior as expressed in conceptual, social, and practical adaptive skills

-          Disability originates before age 18 (AAIDD, 2007)

-          Same population of previously diagnosed mentally retarded

 have normal intellectual capabilities but have problems with specific classroom tasks such as listening, reading, writing, spelling, or math operations

students who learn well enough to remain in the regular classroom but have enough problems with learning to warrant special help.

                Subcategories

-          Mental retardation

-          Learning disabled

-          Behaviorally disordered

include the attitudes and beliefs that teachers hold about students’ abilities to learn, which then influence student achievement