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| command to output things in Ruby. puts "Hello world!" would print "Hello world!" |
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| pound sign, used to comment out code on its own line. Also used within a puts command to signal a variable, e.g., puts "This is a #{variable}" |
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| asterisk, used in math to multiply |
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| percent, used in math to take the following number percentage of an original number. For example, 100 % 2 takes 2% of 100. |
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| a string of letters or words; anything between double quotes. EG, "This is a string". Strings are what the program gives to humans. |
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Used to insert a variable in a string. Format is like puts "this is a string with a %s" % variable.
For multiple variables, it looks like, "This is a string with a %s and a %s" % [first_variable, second_variable]. |
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| A second way of inserting variables into strings. |
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Allows you to create a multi line string. Format is puts >>PARAGRAPH
string
string
string
PARAGRAPH |
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| Creates a new line in a string. |
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| creates a tab in a string |
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| Creates a single backslash (one backslash signals an escape command, the second signals you want just one backslash). |
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| Similar to puts, but doesn't create a new line. |
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| gets accepts a single line of data input by the user, chomp is a string method. |
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| Opens a library in ruby to use? |
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Argument variable = takes input when running the program and assigns it to a variable. Is constant, so doesn't change.
EG, if you run ruby ex1.rb test1 test2 test3 then test1 would be assigned to the first ARGV variable, test2 the second, etc. |
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| Explicitly tells the .gets command to read from a user's input, instead of trying to read the input as a file. (see exercise 14) |
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| reads the text file content; when puts txt.read() will print the content of a text file. |
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| Reads just one line of a text file. |
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| Empties the file, watch out if you care about the file. |
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| Writes stuff to the file. |
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| starts defining a function |
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| used to offset variables within ruby code. Example: puts "Here is a #{variable}" % variable |
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