Term
| What is the difference between a statement and an expression? |
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Definition
| A statement is a “complete sentence” that tells the compiler to perform a particular task. An expression is a mathematical entity that evaluates to a value. Expressions are often used inside of statements. |
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Term
| What is the difference between a function and a library? |
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Definition
| A function is a collection of statements that executes sequentially, typically designed to perform a specific job. A library is a collection of functions that is meant to be reused by many programs. |
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Term
| What symbol do statements in C++ end with? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the symbol // do? |
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Definition
| the symbol // allows you to make a comment line |
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Term
What values does this program print?
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int x = 5;
x = x - 2;
cout << x << endl;
int y = x;
cout << y << endl;
cout << x + y << endl;
cout << x << endl;
int z;
cout << z << endl;
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Definition
#1 The program outputs 3. x – 2 evaluates to 3, which was assigned to x.
#2 The program outputs 3. y was assigned the value of x, which evaluated to 3.
#3 The program outputs 6. x + y evaluates to 6. There was no assignment here.
#4 The program outputs 3. The value of x is still 3 because it was never reassigned.
#5 The output is indeterminate . z is an uninitialized variable.
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Term
1) What’s wrong with this program fragment?
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void multiply(int x, int y)
{
return x * y;
}
int main()
{
cout << multiply(4, 5) << endl;
return 0;
}
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Definition
| multiply() is defined as returning void, which means it can’t return a value. Since the function is trying to return a value, this function will produce a compiler error. The function should return an int. |
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Term
2) What’s wrong with this program fragment?
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int multiply(int x, int y)
{
int product = x * y;
}
int main()
{
cout << multiply(4, 5) << endl;
return 0;
}
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Definition
| multiply() calculates a value and puts the result in a variable, but never returns the value to the caller. Because there is no return statement, and the function is supposed to return an int, this will produce a compiler error. |
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Term
3) What value does the following program fragment print?
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int add(int x, int y, int z)
{
return x + y + z;
}
int multiply(int x, int y)
{
return x * y;
}
int main()
{
cout << multiply(add(1, 2, 3), 4) << endl;
return 0;
}
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Definition
| multiply is called where x = add(1, 2, 3), and y = 4. First, the CPU resolves x = add(1, 2, 3), which returns 1 + 2 + 3, or x = 6. multiply(6, 4) = 24, which is the answer. |
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Term
| 4) Write a function called doubleNumber() that takes one integer parameter and returns double it’s value. |
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Definition
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int doubleNumber(int x)
{
return 2 * x;
}
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Term
| Write a complete program that reads an integer from the user , doubles it using a function called doubleNumber() , and then prints the doubled value out to the console. |
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#include <iostream>
int doubleNumber(int x)
{
return 2 * x;
}
int main()
{
using namespace std;
int x;
cin >> x;
cout << doubleNumber(x) << endl;
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| An operand is the objects of an expression that is acted upon, such as literals, variables, and functions. |
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Term
| What do operators do and what are some examples of an operator? |
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Definition
Operators tell how to combine the operands to produce a new result
addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), and division (/). Assignment (=) |
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Term
| What is a Unary operator? |
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Definition
Unary operators act on one operand. An example of a unary operator is the – operator. In the expression -5, the – operator is only being applied to one operand |
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Term
| What is a Binary operator? |
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Definition
Binary operators act on two operands (known as left and right). An example of a binary operator is the + operator.
In the expression 3 + 4, |
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