Term
| What are the three historical types of leadership? |
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Definition
A. Leader-centric.
more of a fixture- kings and queens.
B. Follower-centric.
Because of technology, more workers needed.
Followers wanted to regain control.
By late 1800s, ideas to increase worker productivity and boost revenue.
Unwilling to give up total control and give power to their followers.
C. Situational-centric.
By the 1970s, a growing workforce were turning leadership over to groups, committees, and key employees. |
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Term
“Lives of great men all remind us, we make our lives sublime. And, departing, leave behind us, footprints in the sands of time.”
-Henry Wadsworth Longfellow |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Our definition: Demonstrated ability to influence others toward a goal.” |
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Term
| Leadership vs. Management—A Difference? |
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Definition
. Leadership: “Doing the right things” vs.
Management: “Doing things right.”
Leaders can be managers, and managers can become good leaders.
Shepherds and sheepherders. |
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Term
Napoleon Bonaparte
Dictatorial/militaristic
John F. Kennedy
Council/democratic
Mahatma Gandhi
Example to follow |
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Definition
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Term
| Stogdill/Mann identified five important traits found more in leaders than followers. |
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Definition
| Intelligence, self-confidence, determination, integrity, and sociability. Intelligence most important. |
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Term
| What is the skills approach to leadership? |
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Definition
Skill 1-“Technical skills” involving hands-on activity.
C. Skill 2 -“Human skills” which is the ability to work with people.
-Greatest asset to have.
D. Skill 3 -“Conceptual skills” having ability to work with ideas and concepts. |
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Term
| Rensis Likert’s Michigan Studies surfaced two forms of leader behavior— |
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Definition
| job-centered (production) and employee-centered. |
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Term
| What are the major components of the Contingency Theories? |
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Definition
A. Contingency theory identifies:
Key situational factors,
-Specifies how they interact, and
-Determines best leadership approach.
-This is called situational leadership. |
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Term
| Differentiate Between Transactional and Transformational. |
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Definition
-Transactional which focuses on leader and follower relationships.
-Transformational (called charismatic) focuses on creating vision, purpose, or mission. |
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Term
“Leadership is a combination of strategy and character. If you must be without one, be without the strategy.”
-Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three classic styles of leadership? |
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Definition
Leadership has been extensively studied. Three classical styles.
B. Autocratic: Holds all authority, military in nature, “do it my way, or the highway.”
C. Democratic: delegates authority, employee participation, better communication, ”lets work together” approach.
D. Laissez-faire: Gives authority with minimum interference, communication flows horizontally, “do it your way” approach. |
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Term
| What is situational leadership? |
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Definition
| Situational leadership or contingency theory says that there is “no one best way” to lead a group all the time. |
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Term
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Definition
Theory “X” assumes: Employees dislike work.
Theory “Y” offers a slightly more optimistic view of human nature. |
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Term
| What style of leadership is best? |
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Definition
No one best leadership style exists.
- However, a combination of democratic style with a theory Y approach is most effective. |
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Term
| In his book, Managing for Results, Peter Drucker discusses having a |
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Definition
| single organizational goal for all leaders and followers. |
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Term
| A Mission Statement describes |
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Definition
| why the organization exists while a vision describes where the organization wants to be in the future. |
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Term
| What are the benefits of a vision? |
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Definition
A. There is a necessity of having a vision to inspire the organization.
B. A vision exhibits confidence about future success of an organization. |
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Term
| How do you write a vision? |
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Definition
A. First, key questions must be answered: What does your organization value? What is important? Where is it headed?
B. t is an adventure of organizational self-mastery.
- gives meaning and purpose.
C. A vision is a “social mirror” that reflects what other people, customers, employees, suppliers and the public say about your organization. |
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Term
| How does the leader communicating the vision? |
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Definition
A. The leader must be the one sharing the vision.
- Must show how others will benefit.
B. Encouraging participation brings the vision to life.
C. Acknowledge the performance through positive reinforcement.
D. Last step is rewarding the contribution. |
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Term
A great example of vision
Martin Luther King, Jr. was a great role model. |
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Definition
. King said a vision must be presented in a way that they feel compelled to follow.
C. “I Have a Dream” speech.
D. He articulates his vision through powerful words and expressions. |
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Term
“If you want to be happy, set a goal that commands your thoughts, liberates your energy, and inspires your hopes.”
Andrew Carnegie
“A goal properly set is halfway reached.”
Abraham Lincoln
“Setting goals is the first step in turning the invisible into the visible.”
Anthony Robbins |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
A goal is an objective, target, or result from the completion of tasks, activities, or programs.
B. Goals are necessary to promote growth. |
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Term
| What are the three categories of goals? |
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Definition
A. Short-range goals usually deal with current activities.
- Applied on a daily basis
B. Intermediate goals: Built on foundation of short-range goals.
- deal with months and years.
C. Long-range goals - Reflect the dreams, visions, and mission of the organization. |
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Term
What are the basics of setting goals.
Five basic characteristics of goal setting.
- (Be “S.M.A.R.T.”) |
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Definition
B. Goals are only meaningful if Specific
- Write down EXACTLY what is to be done.
C. For accurate feedback, goals must be Measurable (this monitors the progress).
D. Ensure Accountability to individuals responsible for the task.
E. Goal be challenging but Realistic.
F. Make Timely deadlines toward achievement. |
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Term
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Definition
A. Purpose: To monitor progress through periods of time.
B. First: Specify the general objective.
C. Second: Specify how to measure the performance. (units, time, money . . .)
D. Third: Specify the standard or target objective.
Fourth: Specify the time span involved.
- Deadlines must be put into place.
F. Fifth: Prioritize goals.
G. Sixth: Rate goals based on difficulty & importance.
H. Seventh: Determine coordination requirements. |
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Term
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Definition
| Time Management: Using the time available to the greatest advantage. |
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Term
| First thing to do is assess your present time management skills |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the two governing principles of time management? |
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Definition
First: “Who’s in charge?”
Second: Developing self-mastery of discipline by developing good habits. |
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Term
| What are some effective time management guidelines? |
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Definition
A. Create a daily “To Do” list.
B. Traditional “ABC” list of prioritizing your tasks keeps track of jobs and details.
Develop effective delegation.
E. Handling phone calls.
F. Take action against procrastination!
G. Develop rules for handling paper work.
H. Use clear and effective communication.
Watch your “Open Door” policy.
J. Daily planners ARE A MUST! |
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Term
| What are some effective meeting management tools? |
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Definition
Set rules & procedures
Define all issues and goals before the meeting.
Provide research by giving relevant data.
Prepare an agenda.
Define limits: Time, authority, policies.
Prepare the physical facilities (meeting venue).
Prepare the group members
Keep control over the meeting.
Keep records. |
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Term
What is the five step process of delegation?
The “ICPME” Model of |
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Definition
First step is to identify the task to be delegated.
The second step is to choose the right person.
Third step is to prepare the person.
The fourth step is to monitor the progress.
The fifth step is to evaluate results. |
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Term
| What are the five basic levels of communication? |
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Definition
First level: Cliché Conversation.
Second level: Fact Finding.
Third level: Feelings and emotions.
Fourth level: Peak Communication.
To engage in the fifth and highest level of communication, trust and self-disclosure are critical. |
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Term
What is non-verbal communication?
Body language is known as a |
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Definition
a kinesthetic code
There are thousands of body language cues. |
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Term
0-18 inches = intimate.
-18” – 4’ = normal personal space.
-4’ – 12’ = formal transactions.
-More than 12 feet apart |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four styles of communication? |
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Definition
Aggressive: “I win, you lose” (aims to invade, control, take advantage)
2. Passive: “You lose, and it’s not my fault” (speaker allows others to control with speaker’s consent).
3. Passive-Aggressive: “You lose, but I win—but you don’t know I win” (manipulate by using direct and dishonest messages)
4. Assertive: “I win, you win” (expressing outwardly your thoughts, feelings beliefs and being open and direct) |
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Term
What are “You Messages?
. What are the five parts of an effective “I Message?” |
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Definition
“You Messages” are at the heart of aggressive communication
1. Explain how you feel. “I feel ...” (about your behavior)
2. Explain what you feel, “When you ...” (do a particular thing)
3. Explain your “Because ...” (reasons behind your thoughts and feelings)
4. Ask “How they feel ... ?”
5. Discuss how all of you can work together to solve the problem. |
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Term
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Definition
| When subordinate groups take on the characteristics of the dominant group. Has evolved to be seen as unfair. |
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Term
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Definition
| Perspective suggests that dominant and subordinate groups function respectfully together without hostility or violence. |
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Term
| What is a subordinate or minority group? |
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Definition
Minority or subordinate groups often struggle for success.
. Racial groups identified by physical differences … negative result is racism.
Ethnic groups: distinctive national origins and cultures.
Religious groups: shared faith.
- In U.S. Protestants outnumber all other groups.
. Gender groups:
- “Glass ceilings” exist for women. |
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Term
| Leaders must be sensitive to “Glass Ceilings, Walls, and Escalators.” |
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Definition
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