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Law studies exam review
this is my vocabulary review words
64
Law
9th Grade
12/17/2009

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Term
Crime
Definition
an act or failure to act that violates a law for which a government has set a penalty
Term
Felony
Definition
a serious criminal offense punishable by a prison sentence of more than one year
Term
Accessory before the fact
Definition
one who encourages orders or helps plan a crime
Term
crimes of omission
Definition
failing to perform an act required by criminal law
Term
homicide
Definition
the killing of another person homicide can be criminal non criminal or negligent
Term
second degree murder
Definition
does not require malice or premeditation but is the result of a desire to inflict bodily harm; unlawful killing
Term
involuntary manslaughter
Definition
unintentional but done during an unlawful act of a lesser nature
Term
battery
Definition
any intentional unlawful physical contact inflicted on one person by another without consent in some states this is combined with assault
Term
arson
Definition
the deliberate and malicious burning of another persons property
Term
petite larceny
Definition
a misdemeanor a theft of any thing below a certain value (usually $100)
Term
burglary
Definition
breaking and entering a building with intention of committing a crime
Term
adultery
Definition
voluntary sexual intercourse between a married person and someone other than his or her spouse
Term
arrest
Definition
to take a person suspected of a crime into custody
Term
affidavit
Definition
a written statement of facts sworn to or made under oath before someone authorized to administer an oath
Term
4th amendment
Definition
protects peoples privacy rights
Term
crimes against property
Definition
can be both a misdemeanor and felony has a high number reported and 16.2% are arrested
Term
paren patriate
Definition
latin for "parent of the country"the doctrin that allows the government to take care of minors and other who cannot legally take care of themselves
Term
goal of law
Definition
the goal of law is to protect people against crimes "criminal"and "noncriminal"as well as punish those who perfored ced crime
Term
misdemeanor
Definition
a criminal offense less serious than a felony punishable by a prison sentence one year or less
Term
solicitation
Definition
the act of requesting or strongly urging someone to do something illegal solicitation is considered a crime
Term
murder
Definition
the unlawful killing of a person with malica aforthought
Term
aggravated assault
Definition
an intentional threat, snow of force, or movement that causes a reasonable fear of or an actual physcical contact with another person with special circumstances due to aggrivation
Term
vandalism
Definition
the deliberate destruction or defacement of another person's property also known as malicious mischief
Term
embezzlement
Definition
the takin of money or property by a person to whom it has been entrusted
Term
forgery
Definition
the act of making a fake document or alterin a real one with the intent to comit fraud
Term
prostitution
Definition
an act or woman taking part in sexual intercourse for money
Term
entrapment
Definition
an act by law enforcement officials to persuade a person to commit a crime
Term
exclusionary rule
Definition
a legal rule that generally prohibits the use of illegally obtained evidence against the defendant at trual generally applies to violations of a defendants fourth fifth or sixth amendment rights
Term
suspended sentence
Definition
a sentence issued by the court but not actually served the individual is usually released by court with no conditions attatched
Term
restitution
Definition
the act of restoring something to its owner the act of making good for loss or damage repaying or refunding illegally obtained money or property
Term
delinquent child
Definition
a minor who if commited a crime would usually be processed through a juvenile justice system
Term
principal
Definition
person who commits a crime
Term
accessory after the fact
Definition
 someone who knowing a crime has been commited helps conceal the crime or criminal
Term
attempt
Definition
an effort to commit a crime that goes beyond mere preporation but does not result in the commission of the crime
Term
malice
Definition
ill will; deliberate intent to harm someone
Term
felony murder
Definition
the killing of someone during the commission of certain felonies regardless of intent to kill
Term
negligent homicide
Definition
causin death through criminally negligent behavior
Term
larceny
Definition
the unlawful taking of anothers property w/ the intent to steal it
Term
robbery
Definition
the unlawful takin of property from a person's immediate possesion by force or intimidation
Term
uttering
Definition
offering to someone as genuine a document known to be a false
Term
suicide
Definition
the deliberate takin of ones own life
Term
arrest warrant
Definition
a court ordered document authorizing the police to arrest an individual on a specific charge
Term
presentment
Definition
formally charge a person committing a crime if there is enough evidence for trial
Term
fine
Definition
a monetary on penalty imposed upon someone
Term
victimless crimes
Definition
are crimes where nobody is hurt or held hostage in the process of the crime being committed
Term
incapacitation
Definition
a reason for criminal punishment that stresses keeping a convicted person confined to protect society
Term
ex post facto law
Definition
you can not be charged for a crime if a law was created before crime was committed
Term
accomplice
Definition
a person who voluntarily helps another person commit a crime unlike an accessory an accomplice is usually present or directly aids the crimes
Term
conspiracy
Definition
an agreement between two or more persons to commit a crime along with a substantial act toward committing the crime
Term
first degree murder
Definition
planned in advance and done with malice or during the commission of a dangerous
Term
voluntary manslaughter
Definition
intentional but not premeditated resulting from the heat of passion or diminished mental capacity of the killer
Term
assault
Definition
an intentional threat show of force or movement that causes a reasonable fear of or an actual physical contact with another person can be a crime or tort
Term
forcible rape
Definition
unlawful sexual intercourse it is committed when on party forces another party to have intercourse it implies lack of consent
Term
grand larceny
Definition
a felony is the theft of anything above a certain value (often $100 or more)
Term
extortion
Definition
taking property illegally though threats of harm (blackmail)
Term
bigamy
Definition
the crime of bein married to more than one person @ a time
Term
alibi
Definition
a latin word meaning "elsewhere" an excuse or plea that a person was somewhere else at the time a crime was committed
Term
probably cause
Definition
a reasonable belief known personally or through reliable sources that a specific person has committed a crime
Term
5th amendment
Definition
rights to accused persons; double jeopardy
Term
probation
Definition
a system of supervised freedom usually by probation officer for persons convicted of a criminal offense typically the probationee must agree to certain conditions such as getting a job avoiding drugs and not traveling outside a limited ares
Term
waiver
Definition
to give up some right privilege or benefit voluntarily
Term
speech
Definition
commercial hate obscenity defamation symbolic
Term
what is needed to establish probable cause
Definition
reliable resources/witness's
Term
"stop and frisk" became legal with this case
Definition
terry vs. ohio
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