Response to National Front (wealthy landowners who controlled gov't)

Revolutionary forces of colombia

40+ years of continual civil warfare with gov't

1985- FARC ceasefire, some congress seats

Deathsquads kill lots of FARC members

FARC presidential candidate killed by Deathsquad

• Emperor of Brazil since 1831
• Offers slaves freedom if they fight in War of the Triple Alliance
• Gains lots of executive power after war
• Lots of militarily trained freed slaves around

War of the Triple Alliance

1865-1870

• Solomon Lopez becomes president after Gaspar Francia
• Simultaneously invades Argentina, Brazil, Uruguay
• 1/2 of Paraguay dies :(
• Brings Argentina + Brazil together

The Golden Law

Officially ended slavery in Brazil

1888

Princess Isabel signed it

• After War of the Pacific Peru was very poor
• Michael Grace founded Guano consortium of Peru
• Paid off Peru's debts
• Concessions: All railroads, guano monopoly, free use of ports, huge amount of land in amazon, peruvian gov't pays grace annually
• Basically, Peru got fucked.

• Peruvian Middle Class's response to Oligarchy who were exploiting resources 
• American Popular Revolutionary Alliance
• Want to revoke grace contract
• Lots killed when APRA wins presidency
• Gov't killing "communist" APRA while adapting communist ideals

• Songs from Northern Mexico
• Usually politically based

• Corrupt but competent military leader
• 11 presidencies in 22 years (loved power without responsibility)
• Texas gained independence during his presidency
• Eventually pushed out of power

• Civilian Lawyer who led liberal rebellion to end Santa Ana's era
• Stopped France, Britain, Spain from invading Mexico
• Given weapons, aid from USA

• Elected after Juarez died
• Built 15k miles of railroad, petroleum industry
• People liked him, but he just kept running
• Loses to Francisco madero, but then arrests and exiles Madero
• ranchers rebel against Diaz

Becomes pres. in 1911

Emiliano Zapato thinks Madero is naive and is fucking over natives

Rebels against Madero

Huerta is sent to 

• Anti-Clericalism- priests register w/ police, no open air masses
• Education- Secular, Free, Public
• Agrarian Reform- Only mexicans can only mexican land
• Article 123- min wage, 8 hr workday, equal pay

• 1901- ensured US involvement in cuba's foreign and domestic policies
• Guantanamo Bay
• Indirectly led to Cuban Revolution in 1959

• Dictator of Cuba
• Strong Relations with the US
• Overthrown by Castro in 1959

• Overthrew Batista in 1959
• Communist leader
• Established close ties with USSR
• Cuban Missile Crisis (willing to sacrifice cuba to weaken imperialist US)

• Bolivian version of sharecropping
• exploited natives
• time consuming labor demands placed on peasantry

Chaco War

1932-1935

• Like two bald men fighting over a comb
• Paraguay vs Bolivia
• Primarily native Bolivians fighting on front line
• Bolivians overthrow their german general and president

• National Labor Union
• Trotskyist
• minority, but all miners who control economy
• Basically control the MNR after evaporating Bolivian Military during MNR's revolution

Middle Class Party

Won election in 1952

*21+ universal suffrage, mines expropriated, haciendas ended*

establish a military who then take over gov't

in constant fighting with COB

Jacobo Arbenz Guzman

(guatemala)

Helped overthrow Ubico in 1944

1950- 3 fundamental objectives: economic nationalism, modern capitalist nation, raise living standards

1952- Buy non used hacienda land, redistribute 1.5 mill acres to 100k people

1954- US backed coup against Arbenz

United Fruit Company

• Offered ~$600k for nonused hacienda land during Arbenz's argrarian reform
• Lied on taxes, demand more money
• Use connections to US gov't to have a coup against Arbenz
• put Armas in power
• 30 year civil war follows

• 1968- meeting of priests in colombia
• capitalism an afront to human dignity
• marxism (minus atheism) is awesome
• Pope John Paul hates this

Samoza Family

(Nicaragua)

• Nicaragua was in talks to build competing canal
• USMC occupies Nicaragua
• US puts Anastazio Samoza in power
• Real assholes
• sold donated blood to Florida bloodbanks after '72 earthquake
• Bombed own cities to stop Sandinistas
• left nicaragua in horrible condition

• Sandinista
• Modelled on cuban revolution
• huge range of int'l support
• 1979- finally exile samoza
• junta of mostly sandinistas
• Reagan freezes their aid
• 80% of agriculture in private hands
• gov't takes 40% of gdp owned by samozas

• counter revolutionaries
• supported Samoza
• got aid from USA

• 1791-1804
• Only successful slave revolt in human history
• Toussaint leads slaves to remove french, but when france abolishes slavery, ends revolt
• Toussaint fends off Great britain and spain
• Jean-Jacques Dessalines expels french napoleonic soldiers who wanted to re-enslave haitians

Well educated slave

Considers himself french

Wanted to have haitians work hard on haciendas to fend off british (who would actually enslave them)

Betrayed by Napoleon