Term
| Aeneas, Ilio Achivis prodito ab Antenore aliisque principibus, deos penates patremque Anchisam umeris gestans et parvulum filium manu trahens, noctu ab urbe excessit. |
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Definition
| Aeneas, when Ilium had been betrayed to the Greeks by Antenore and with the other leaders, carrying households gods and his father Anchises on his shoulders, dragging his little son by the hand, by night had passed from the city. |
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Term
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Definition
At dawn, he headed to Mt. Ida. |
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Term
| Deinde, navibus fabricatis, magnis cum opibus pluribusque sociis Troia digressus, longo mari emenso, per diversas terrarum oras in Italiam advenit. |
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Definition
| Then, having built the ship, Aeneas, having departed from Troy with great riches and many allies, after a long sea journey, past different lands, he came into Italy. |
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Term
| Latinus, Aboriginum rex, cum ei nuntiatum esset multitudinem advenarum, classe advectam, occupavisse agrum Laurentem, adversum subitos inopinatosque hostes sine mora suas copias eduxit. |
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Definition
| Latinus, king of the Aboringines, when it had been announced to him that a crowd of strangers having been brought in by a fleet, had occupied the territory of Laurentum, without delay he led out his troops against the sudden and unexpected enemies. |
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Term
| Priusquam signum dimicandi daret, suspenso certamine, quaesivit qui essent quidve peterent. |
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Definition
| Before he have the sign for fighting, with the struggle interrupted, he asked who and what they were seeking. |
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Term
| Deinde cum cognovisset Aeneam, bello patria pulsum et cum simulacris deorum errantem, sedem quaerere, amicitiam foedere iniit, dato invicem iure iurando ut communes hostes amicosve haberent. |
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Definition
| Then, when he had learned that Aeneas, beaten back from his country by the waging war and wandering about with his statues of gods, was seeking a home, entered into a friendship though a treaty when an oath had been exchanged so that they would have friends and enemies in common. |
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Term
| Itaque ibi coeperunt Troiani munire locum, quem Aeneas ex nomine uxoris suae, Latini regis filiae, quae iam ante desponsa Turno fuerat, Lavinium nominavit. |
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Definition
| And so there in that place the Trojans began to strengthen their place, which Aeneas named Lavinium from the name of his wife, the daughter of King Latinus, who before had been betrothed to Turnus |
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Term
| At vero Amata, Latini regis uxor, xum indigne ferret Laviniam, repudiato Turno consobrino suo, Troiano advenae collocatam esse, Turnum ad arma concitavit. |
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Definition
| But indeed Amata, the wife of King Latinus, who considered it unworthy that Lavinia be assigned to a Trojan foregiener and that Turnus her cousin had been repudiated, instigated Turnus to arms |
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Term
| Isque mox, coacto Rutulorum exercitu, tetendit in agrum Laurentem. |
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Definition
| This and soon having assembled an army of Rutulians, who headed to the fields of Laurentus |
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Term
| Et Latinus, adversus eum pariter cum Aenea progressus inter proeliantes, circumventus est occisusque. |
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Definition
| And Latinus, having advanced against him equally with Aeneas, in the midst of the fighting men was surrounded and slain. |
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Term
| Nec tamen, amisso socero, Aeneas Rutulis obsistere destitit, tandemque Turnum interemit. |
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Definition
| Nevertheless, with his father-in-law having been lost, Aeneas continued to oppose the Rutuliams, and at last killed Turnus |
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Term
| Hostibus fusis fugatisque, victor Lavinium se cum suis recepit, consensuque omnium Latinorum rex declaratus est. |
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Definition
| The enemies had been broken and put to flight, Aeneas returned to Lavinium with his troops, and by the agreement of all he was declared king of the Latins. |
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Term
| Cum Tarquinius Superbus, ultimus rex Romanorum, Ardeam obsideret, Tarquinius Collatinus, consobrino regis genitus, in contubernio filiorum regiorum erat. |
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Definition
| Since Tarquin the Proud, the last Roman king, besieged Tarquin Collantinus, son of the king’s cousin, was sharing close quarters with the kings’ sons. |
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Term
| Cum forte in liberiore convivio coniugem suam unus quisque laudaret, placuit eis experiri. |
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Definition
| When by chance at a rather free-and-easy party they came together, he was praising each one of his men, they decided to test their wives |
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Term
| Itaque equis Romam petunt. |
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Definition
| And so with the horses, they sought Rome. |
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Term
| Regias nurus in convivio et luxu deprehendunt. |
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Definition
| The daughters-in-law of the kind were surprised in entertainment and luxury |
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Term
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Definition
| From that place, they sought Collantium. |
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Term
| Lucretiam inter ancillas in lanificio offendunt. |
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Definition
| They came upon Lucretia engaged in wool-working with her maidservants |
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Term
| Itaque ea pudicissima iudicatur. |
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Definition
| . And so they judged her chastity |
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Term
| Ad quam corrumpendam Tarquinius Sextus noctu Collatiam rediit et iure propinquitatis domum Collantini venit et, in cubiculum Lucretiae inrumpens, pudicitiam expugnavit |
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Definition
| And in order to violate her Tarquinus Sextus returned by night and by right of his relationship came homeward to Callantius and broke into the bed chamber of Lucretia, expelling her maidservant. |
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Term
| Ila igitur postero die, advocatis Tricipitino patre et Collatino coniuge, rem exposuit et se cultro, quem veste texerat, occidit. |
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Definition
| Therefore, the following day she, joining the lawyer, her father Tricipintinus and Callantinus, they set out and with the knife she killed herself |
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Term
| Deinde Tricipitinus et Collatinus cum Iunio Bruto, sorore regis genit, in exitium Tarquiniorum coniuraverunt, eorumque exsilio mortem Lucretiae vindicaverunt. |
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Definition
| Then Tricipinitius and Collantinus with Junius Brutus, son of the king’s sister, formed a conspiracy for the ruin of the Tarquins, and leapt forth, they avenged the death of Lucretia |
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Term
| Tarquinius Superbus ad Posennam Etruriae regem confugit, cuius ope regnum recuperare tentavit. |
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Definition
| Tarquin the Proud fled to Porsennam, king of Estruca, and tried to recuperate in the kingdom |
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Term
| Roma pulsus, Cumas concessit, ubi per summam ignominiam reliquum vitae tempus exegit. |
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Definition
| . As Rome pushed on he withdrew to Cumae, that in the utmost disgrace, he spent the rest of his life there. |
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Term
| Tarquiniis in exsilium actis, Brutus et Collantinus primi consules creati sunt. |
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Definition
| Tarquin was driven into exile, Brutus and Collantinus were the first men to be elected counsels. |
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Term
| Populus Romanus cum seditiosos magistratus ferre non posset, decemviros legibus scribendis creavit, qui eas ex libris Solonis translatas duodecim tabulis exposuerunt. |
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Definition
Since the Roman people could not bear the turbulent magistracies, it elected the decemviri to write the laws, who exposed them by means of 12 tablets which were transferred from Solon's books |
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Term
| Sed cum pacto dominationis magistratum sibi prorogarent, unus ex his Appius Claudisus Virginiam, Virginii centurionis filiam in Algido monte militantis, amare coepit. |
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Definition
| But by an agreement for rule of the mastery they might prolong the magsitracy for themselves, one of these, Appius Caludius Viginia fell in love with the daughter of the militatnt encturion Viginius who was serving as a solider on Mt. Alligdos |
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Term
| Quam cum corrumpere non posset, clientem subornavit, qui eam in servitium deposceret, facile victurus cum ipse esset et accusator et iudex |
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Definition
| When he could not destroy it, he bribed the client, since he himelf was both the accusor and the judge |
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Term
| Pater, re cognita, cum ipson die uidicii supervenisset et filiam iam addictam videret, ultimo eiius coloquio impertrato, eam in secretum abduxit et ocicdit; et corpus eius umeris gerens ad exercitum profugit et milites ad vindicandum facinus accendit. |
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Definition
| The father, with the noted thing, had arrived on that very day to a verdict, say his daughter already adjudged, when a final obtained to talk with her, he arrested and killed her in secret; and carrying the body on his shoulders, he fled to the army and incited the soldiers for the purpose of avenging the crime |
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Term
| Qui, creatis decem tribunis, Aventinum occuparunt, decemviros abdicare se magistratu coegerunt, eosque omnes aut morte aut exsilio punierunt. |
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Definition
They ,with ten tribunes having been chosen, attaced Aventine, were compelled to give up from the magistracy and all were punished by death or exile. |
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Term
| Appius Claudius in carcere necatus est. |
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Definition
| Appius Claudius is killed in prison. |
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Term
| Pyrrhus, rex Epirotarum, Apollinem de bello cum Romanis gerendo consuluit. |
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Definition
| Pyrrhus, king of Epirotarus, consulted Apollo about waging war with the Romans. |
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Term
| Deus ei ambigue respondit: "Aio te, Aeacida, Romanos vincere posse." |
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Definition
| The gods answered him ambiguously: "Say, Aeacida, you are able to conquer the Romans" |
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Term
| Hoc dicto incitatus, auxilio Tarentinorum bellum Romanis intulit, eosque apud Heracleam elephantorum noviatate turbavit. |
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Definition
| Having been incited by them, he waged war on the Romans with the help of the Tarentines, and he disturbed them with the newness of the elephants at Heraclea |
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Term
| Victor tandem, cum Romanos adversis vulneribus occisos videret, "Ego," inquit, "talibus militibus brevi orbem terrarum subigere potuissem." |
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Definition
| The conqueror finally, with the opposite wounds, saw the Romans killed, "I, he says, had been able to conquer the circle ofthe lands quickly with such soldiers." |
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Term
| Amicis autem gratulantibus, "Quid mihi cum tali victoria," inquit, "ubi exercitus robur amittam?" |
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Definition
| But with his friends congratulating "me with the such a victory" he says "will I lose the strength of the army?" |
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Term
| Postea, viso altero exercitu Romano, eandem sibi ait fuisse fortunam adversum Romanos quam herculi adversum Hydram. |
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Definition
| Afterwards, having seen the other Roman army, he said to himself that he had the same chance facing the Romans as Hercules facing Hydra |
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Term
| Quis Carthaginiensium pluris fuit Hannibale consilio, virtute, rebus gestis, qui unus cum tot imperatoribus mostris, per tot annos, de imperio et de gloria decertavit? |
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Definition
| Who among the Carthigians was of more importance than Hannibal, in respect to wisdom, courage, and accomplishments, who alone with so many of our generals, by so many years, was befit of power and of glory? |
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Term
| Hunc sui cives e civitate eiecerunt, nos etiam hostem litteris nostris et memoria videmus esse celebratum. |
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Definition
| His fellow citizens exiled this man out of the state, we see that he has been made famous inour literature and our memory, even as our enemy. |
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Term
| Nam callidissimum Hannibalem ex Poenorum ducibus, ut Quintum Maximum ex nostris, accepimus, celare, tacere, dissimulare, insidiari, praeripere hostium consilia. |
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Definition
| We know that Hannibal was most skillful at leading Hannibal from the Cathargians, as Quintus Maximus from our general, at concealing, at being silent, ad dissembling, at plotting against, at anticipating the enemies’ plans |
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Term
| Sed hannibalem propter crudelitatem semper haec civitas oderit. |
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Definition
| But on account of his cruelty, the citizens always will hate Hannibal. |
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Term
| Numquam ingenium idem ad res diversissimas, parendum atque imperandum, habilius fuit. |
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Definition
| Never was one talent more skillful for wholly different things, obeying and commanding. |
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Term
| Itaque haud facile discerneres utrum imperatori hasdrubali an exercitui carior esset |
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Definition
| And so by no means would you have easily decided whether he was dearer to his general hasdubali or the army. |
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Term
| Plurimum audaciae ad pericula capessenda, plurimum consilii inter ipsa pericula ei erat; nullo labore aut corpus fatigari aut animus vinci poterat; caloris ac frigoris patientia par. |
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Definition
| He had the most courage in undertaking dangers, the most cool-headedness in the midst of dangers themselves. By no toil could either his body be tired or his spirit overcome; he had just as much endurance for cold as for heat. |
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Term
| Equitum peditumque idem longe primus erat; princeps in proelium ibat; ultimus, conserto proelio, excedebat. |
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Definition
| The same man was by far the best of the calvary and foot soliders; he was the first to join in battle, he was the last, having joined a battle, to leave. |
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Term
| Has tantas viri virtutes ingentia vitia aequabant: inhumana crudelitas, perfidia plus quam Punica, nihil veri, nihil sancti, nullus deum metus, nullum ius iurandum, nulla religio |
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Definition
| Those great virtues of the man were matched by the immense vices: inhuman cruelties, more treachery than the Phonecians, no truth, no holiness, no fear of the gods, no oath, no religious scruple. |
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Term
| Marcus igitur Cato idem summus imperator, idem sapiens, idem orator, idem historiae conditor, idem iuris, idem rerum rusticarum peritissimus fuit. |
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Definition
| Marcus Cato was, therefore, at once an outstanding commander, a wise man, an orator, an author of history, very skilled in low and agriculture |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| quis illo gravior in laudando, acerbior in vituperando, in sententiis argutior, in docendo edisserendoque subtilior? |
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Definition
| Who is more serious in praising, more bitter in blaming, more clear in his opinions, more subtle in teaching and explaining than that man? |
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Term
| In omnibus rebus singulari fuit industria. |
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Definition
| He was a man of extrodinary diligence in all matters. |
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Term
| Inter tot operas militiae, tantas domi contentiones, rudi saeculo, litteras Graecas, aetate iam declinata, didicit. |
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Definition
| In the midst of his military operations, so many contentions at home, with his time of life declining, in an uneducated age, he learned Greek literature |
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Term
| Quarum studium etsi senior adripuerat, Graecis neque de Italicis rebus, quod ei fuerit incognitum. |
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Definition
| Albeit, as an older man, he had taken up the study of it; nevertheless he so much progress that nothing was easily found of either Greek nor of Italian matters, because of which was unknown to him |
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Term
| Ab adulescentia confecit orationes, quae refertae sunt et verbis et rebus illustribus. |
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Definition
| From adolescence he composed speeches which are filled with both brilliant words and things |
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Term
| Senex historias scribere instituit; earum sunt libri septem. |
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Definition
| As an old man, he began to write his deeds, of these there are seven books |
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Term
Liber primus continet res gestas regum populi Romani, secundus et tertius unde quaeque civitas orta sit Italica, ob quam rem omnes Origines videtur appellasse. |
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Definition
| The first book contains the history of the kings of the Roman people, the second and third contain from where each Italian state arose, he seems to have called on account of all of them Origines. |
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Term
| In quarto autem est bellum Punicum primum, in quinto secundum; atque haec omnia capitulatim sunt dicta. |
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Definition
| In the fourth however, is the First Punic war, in the fifth, the second (Punic War); all these things are told summarily |
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Term
| In iisdem exposuit quae in Italia hispaniisque aut fierent aut viderentur admiranda; in quibus multa industria et diligentia comparet, nulla doctrina. |
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Definition
| In the same books, which deserving admiration, were either done or seen in Italy or the Spains, in them much industry and diligence appear, but no education |
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Term
| Reliqua quoque bella pari modo persecutus est usque ad praeturam Servii Galbae, qui diripuit Lusitanos. |
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Definition
| He traced out the remaining wars in like fashion all the way down to the pretorship of Servius Galba, who plundered Lusitania |
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Term
| Atque horum bellorum omnium duces non nominavit, sed sine nominibus res notavit. |
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Definition
| Of all these wars he did not name the leaders but noted things without names |
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Term
| Elephantum tamen, qui fortissime proeliatus esset in Punica acie, Surum tradidit vocatum, altero dente mutilato. |
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Definition
| Nevertheless, he reported that an elephant who had fought bravely in the Carthage line had the name Syrius because he had one damaged tusk. |
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Term
| Philippo Macedoniae rege superato, cum ad Isthmicum spectaculum tota Graecia convenisset, T.Quinctius Flamininus, tubae signo silentio facto, per praeconem haec vera recitari iussit: "Senatus Populusque Romanus et Titus Q.F. imperator omnes Graeciae urbes, quae sub dicione Philippi regis fuerunt, liberas atque immunes esse iubet." |
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Definition
| Philip, ruler of Macedonia, had been overcome , when all of Greece came together at the Isthmian Games, T.Q.F., with the quiet having been made with the trumpet signal, by the crier commanded these words recited: The Roman senate and people and T.Q.F order all Greek cities, whom were under the rule of king Philip, are declared free and immune from taxes. |
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Term
| Quibus auditis, maximo et inopinato gaudio homines perculsi primo, velut non audisse se quae audierant credentes, obticuerunt. |
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Definition
| With these things having been heard, men smitten by the greatest and unexpected delight at first fell silent, just as not believing that they had heard that which they had heard |
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Term
| Iterata deinde pronuntiatione praeconis, caelum tanta clamoris alacritate compleverunt, ut certe constet aves, quae supervolabant, attonitas paventesque decidisse. |
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Definition
| Then with the herald’s proclamation having been repeated, they filled the sky with such an outcry, that is was firmly established that the birds which were flying overhead, fell down, thunderstruck and trembleing withfear. |
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Term
| Perses biennium tali fortuna cum consulibus Romanis conflixerat, ut plerumque superior fuerit magnamque partem Graeciae in societatem suam perduceret. |
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Definition
| Persia had a struggle with the Roman consuls for a period of two years, with such success, that he was generally superior and he was leading a large part of Greece into alliance with himself. |
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Term
| Tum senatus populusque Romanus L. Aemilium Paullum consulem iterum creavit. |
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Definition
| Then the senate and Roman people again elected L. Aemilius Paullus as counsel. |
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Term
| Filius erat eius Paulli, qui ad Cannas invitus perniciosam rei publicae pugnam inierat, fortiter in ea mortem obierat. |
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Definition
| The son was that of Paullus, who had reluctantly entered the battle at Cannae, ruinous to the state, bravely met his death |
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Term
| Is Persam ingenti proelio apud urbem nomine Pydnam in Macedonia devicit. |
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Definition
| He subdued Perses in a huge battle at the city with the name Pydna in Macedonia |
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Term
| Ita Paullus maximum nobilissimumque regem in triumpho duxit. |
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Definition
Thus Paullus was led, the greatest and most noble king in his triumphal procession. |
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Term
| Paullo autem quattuor filii fuere; ex iis duos natu maiores, unum P. Scipioni, Africani filio, in adoptionem dederat, alterum Fabio Maximo. |
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Definition
| However Paullus had four sons; out of these, the two who were greater in birth, one P. Scipio, son of Africanus, he had given into adoption; the other to Fabius Maximus. |
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Term
| Duos minores natu praetextatos, quo tempore victoriam adeptus est, habuit. |
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Definition
| The two younger ones, seen wearing the praetexta toga had in birth, at which time he obtained the victory. |
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Term
| Is, cum in contione extra urbem more maiorum ante triumphi diem ordinem actorum suorum commemoraret, deos immortalis precatus est, ut, si quis eorum invideret operibus ac fortunae suae, in ipsum potius saeviret quam in rem publicam. |
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Definition
| He, when in the meeting outside Rome, according to the custom of his ancestors, was recounting his deeds; he prayed to the immortal gods that if any of them should begrudge him his works and fortune, he would vent his wrath against himself rather than the republic |
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Term
| Quae vox, veluti oraculo emissa, magna parte eum spoliavit sanguinis sui; nam alterum ex suis liberis quos in familia retinuerat intra paucos dies ante triumphum, alterum paucioribus post, amisit. |
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Definition
| This utterance just as if sent forth from the great oracle, deprived him of a great part of his blood; from those sons of him whom he had retained in the household, one he lost within a few days before the triumph, the other fewer days after the triumph. |
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Term
| Quorum vero patres aut maiores aliqua gloria praestiterunt, ii student plerumque eodem in genere laudis excellere, ut hic Paulli filius, Africanus Minor, in re militari. |
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Definition
| Truly, those whose fathers or ancestors were superior in any glory, those men are generally eager to excel in the same kind of praise, as the son of Publius, Africanus the younger, in warfare |
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Term
| Quidam autem ad eas laudes quas a patribus acceperunt, addunt aliquam suam, ut hic idem Africanus eloquentia cumulavit bellicam gloriam. |
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Definition
| However, certain men, added to those praises those which they received of their fathers’, some of their own, as this same topped off his glory in war with eloquence. |
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Term
| Nam, vir omnibus bonis aribus atque omni virtute praeditus, omnium aetatis suae purissime locutus est. |
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Definition
| For indeed, a man with good moral habits and gifted with all good skills, of all the men of his generation, he spoke the most pure |
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Term
| Et certe non tulit ullos haec civitas aut gloria clariores aut auctoritate graviores aut humanitate politiores Publio Africano et amico eius Gaio Laelio, qui secum eruditissimos homines ex Graecia palam semper habuerunt. |
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Definition
| And surely, this community has not produced any men wither brighter in glory or weightier in influence or more refined in culture than Publius Africanus and his friend Gaius Laelius, who always openly has the most learned men from Greece with them |
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Term
| Scipio enim tam elegans liberalium studiorum omnisque doctrinae et auctor et admirator fuit ut Polybium Panaetiumque, praecellentis ingenio viros,domi militiaeque secum habuerit. |
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Definition
| Scipio was so elegant as both a sponsor and an admirer of the liberal arts and of all learning that he had with him at home and abroad Polybius and Panaetius, men excelling in respect to talent. |
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Term
| Semper aut belli aut pacis artibus serviit; semper inter arma ac studia versatus, aut corpus periculis aut animum disciplinis exercuit. |
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Definition
| Either the arts of war or of peace he always served; he was occupied between the arms and the studies, had either exercised the body with dangers or the intellect with teachings. |
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Term
| Igitur ante bella Punica domi militiaeque boni mores colebantur; concordia maxima, minima avaritia erat; ius bonumque apud eos non legibus magis quam natura valebat. |
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Definition
| Accordingly, good morals were cultivated at home and in the field before the Punic wars; there was the greatest harmony and little or no avarice; justice and probity prevailed among them, thanks not so much to laws as to nature. |
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Term
| Iurgia, discordias, simultates cum hostibus exercebant, cives cum civibus de virtute certabant. |
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Definition
| Quarrels, discord, and strife were reserved for their enemies; citizen vied with citizen only for virtue |
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Term
| In suppliciis deorum magnifici, domi parci, in amicos fideles erant. |
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Definition
| They were lavish in their offerings to the gods, frugal in the home, loyal to their friends. |
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Term
| Duabus his artibus, audacia in bello, ubi pax evenerat aequitate, seque remque publicam curabant. |
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Definition
| By practising these two qualities, boldness in warfare and justice when peace came, they watched over themselves and their country. |
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Term
| Sed ubi labore atque iustitia res publica crevit, reges magni bello domiti, nationes ferae et populi ingentes vi subacti, Carthago, aemula imperi Romani, ab stirpe interiit, cuncta maria terraeque patebant, saevire fortuna ac miscere omnia coepit. |
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Definition
| But when our country had grown through hard work and justice, when great kings had ben vanquished in war, when savage tribes and mighty peoples were subdued by force of arms, when Carthage, the rival of Rome's power had perished root and branch, and all seas and lands were open, then Fortune began to grow cruel and to bring confusion into all our affairs. |
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Term
| Qui labores, pericula, dubias atque asperas res facile toleraverant, eis otium, divitiae, optanda alias, oneri miseriaeque fuere. |
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Definition
| Those who had easily tolerated hardship and dangers, anxiety and adversity, found leisure and wealth, desirable under other circumstances, a burden and a curse. |
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Term
| Igitur primo imperi, deinde pecuniae cupido crevit; ea quasi materies omnium malorum fuere. |
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Definition
| Hence the lust for money first, then for power, grew upon them; these were, I may say , the material of all evils. |
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Term
| Namque avaritia fidem, probitatem, ceterasque artis bonas subvertit; pro his superbiam, crudelitatem, deos neglegere, omnia venalia habere edocuit. |
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Definition
| For avarice destroyed honesty, integrity, and all other noble qualities; taught in their place insolenced, cruelty, to neglect the gods, to set a price on everything. |
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Term
| Haec primo paulatim crescere, interdum vindicari; post, ubi contagio quasi pestilentia invasit, civitas immuntata, imperium ex iustissimo atque optimo crudele intolerandumque factum. |
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Definition
| At first these vices grew slowly, from time to time they were punished; finally, when the disease had spread like a deadly plague, the state was changed and the empire from very just and excellent became cruel and intolerable. |
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