Term
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Definition
| An acute or chronic disease marked by inflammation of the lungs and caused by viruses, bacteria, or other microorganisms and sometimes by physical and chemical irritants |
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Term
| Bovine Respiratory Disease Complex |
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Definition
| Pneumonia in cattle is usually a result of interactions between a complex mixture of pathogens and environmental stressors. |
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Term
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Definition
Non infectious Predisposing Factors
Infectious Predisposing Factors:
Viruses, Mycoplasma, Bacteria, Lungworm |
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Term
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Definition
Infections:
Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV)
Infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR)
Parainfluenza virus 3 (PI3)
Mycoplasma. bovis, M. dispar, Pasturella spp., Mannheima spp., Histophilus spp.
Individual calf factors: age, immunity, herd/calf BVDV status
Environment: housing, mixing |
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Term
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Definition
Haemophilus, Histophilus, Actinobacillus, Pasteurella , Mannheimia and Bibersteinia Group
Gram negative, Non motile, Aerobic/facultatively anaerobic |
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Term
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Definition
Lungworn in Cattle
Dictyocaulus species
PATHOGENIC |
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Term
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Definition
Indirect life cycle
not pathogenic
pigs/sheep/goats |
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Term
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Definition
Cattle Lungworm
eggs hatch in lungs, cough up/swallow/ GI Mucosa to lymph tissue. lymphovascular route to lungs.
Good immunity to D. viviparus after infection |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Clinical signs of Parasitic Bronchitis |
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Definition
Mildly Affected: intermittent cough
Moderately affected: coughing at rest, tachypnoe (>60), hyperpnoea (crackles posterior lung lobes)
Severely affected: harsh cough, tachypnoea (>80), dyspnoea, mouth breathing |
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Term
| Pathogenesis of Lungworms |
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Definition
Penetration phase : days 1-7 : larvae migrating to lungs (no pathology)
Prepatent phase : days 8-25 : larvae migrating up thru lungs
Patent phase : days 26-60 : mature adults present in airways
Postpatent phase : days 61-90 : adults expelled from airways (recovery) |
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Term
| Vaccination of Bovine Lungworm |
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Definition
Vaccination with irradiated L3 vaccine (2 doses of 1000 irradiated L3s)
Vaccinate 1st season calves before turnout
Oral vaccine - bovilis huskvac (developed Glasgow Vet School)
Very effective - but not sterile immunity (don’t mix with unvaccinated)
Immunity boosted by infection
Available in UK and some parts of Europe
Short shelf life, POM-VPS |
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