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Lap Practical
Stains, Aerotolerance, Microscopy
58
Microbiology
Undergraduate 3
10/04/2010

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
what is undefined media or complex media?
Definition
growth media whose exact composition and amounts of carbon and nitrogen in the ingredients are unknown
Term
What are examples of complex media?
Definition

peptones: beef and cheese

phytones: plant extracts and yeasts

Term
what is a resovoir?
Definition
site outside organism or where microbe resides and is possible for infection
Term
what are some basic categories of colony morphology?
Definition

shape, margin, elevation, texture, pigment

 

Term
what types of shapes are there
Definition
round, irregular, punctiform
Term
What are the margins?
Definition
entire (smooth), undulate (wavy), lobate, filamentous, rhizoid
Term
What are some types of elevations?
Definition
convex, flat, raised, pulvariate, umbonate
Term
why do you use agar slants?
Definition

-cultivation and maintenence

-displays a variety of growth characteristics

Term
why are agar slants better than plates?
Definition

-grow high cell densities

-less contamination

-storage capacity

-don't dry as fast

Term
why are agar plates better than slants?
Definition

-better use for isolation

-produces single colonies

Term

-smooth texture with solid edge

 

Definition
FILIFORM
Term
produces colored growth
Definition

 

PIGMENTED

Term

solid growth seeming to radiate outward

 

Definition
SPREADING EDGE
Term

rough texture with a crusty appearance

 

Definition
FRIABLE
Term

suspended chunks of pieces

 

Definition
FLOCCULENT
Term

growth on the bottom

 

Definition
SEDIMENT
Term

growth at top around the edge

 

Definition
RING
Term

membrane at the top

 

Definition
PELLICLE
Term
Uniform Fine Turbidity
Definition
evenly distributed throughout
Term
Benefits of broth cultures
Definition

-grow high cell densities

-oxygen requirements can be observed

Term
What is fastidious
Definition
difficult to grow and needs special conditions
Term
What are undefined (complex) media composed of?
Definition

-extracts from plant/animal sources

-rich in nutrients

Term
The medium fluid thioglycollate can cultivate which microbes?
Definition

aerobic, anaerobic, fastidious, nonfastidious---used for oxygen tolerance

 

-anaerobic and microaerophilic bacteria

Term
what are the effects of resazurin?
Definition

-pink when oxidized

-colorless when reduced

Term
which type would you find growing throughout the tube?
Definition

faculative anaerobe

aerotolerant anaerobes

Term
Why is it important to use fresh FTG?
Definition
because agar used to slow O2 diffusion, so more time will cause greater O2 diffusion which is not beneficial for anaerobes
Term
what does the Gas Pak anaerobic jar do?
Definition
created anaerobic, microaerophilic, or CO2- enriched conditions
Term
What is the Anaerobic Gas Jar Indicator?
Definition
methylene blue strip that turns BLUE when oxidized and colorless when reduced
Term
what color will the methylene idicator strip turn in anaerobic conditions?
Definition
white (reduced)
Term
what is the function of the condenser lens?
Definition
concentrates light and makes illumination of specimen more uniform
Term
What is refraction?
Definition
the bending of light as it passes through the objective lens
Term
What is the 'limit of resolution'?
Definition
the measurment of how far apart two points must be to be viewed as being seperate
Term
What is numerical aperature?
Definition
len's ability to capture light coming from specimen and use it to make an image
Term
what does oil immersion do?
Definition
increases NA which makes limit of resolution smaller
Term
What are heterocysts
Definition
Nitrogen fixing cells
Term
What are akinetes?
Definition
resistant spores
Term
what is an auxochrome
Definition
the charged portion of a chromogen (colored molecule)
Term
what is a basic stain?
Definition

auxochrome becomes a + charged by picking up H+ or losing OH-

and is able to stain bacteria

Term
Preparation for negative stain
Definition

1. begin w/ acidic drop on one side of slide

2. add organisms

3. draw back 2nd slide until width of slide and then push to opposite end

4. let air dry

Term
how do you know which are acid fast or nonacid fast
Definition

acid fast- reddish purple

nonacid  fast-  blue

Term
Capsule stain procedure
Definition

1. drop of congo red on one side

2. add organisms

3.draw back 2nd slide until width of slide and then slide to opposite side

4. air dry

5. flood with Manevals stain

6. rinse and dry

Term
Schaeffer-Fulton Procedure
Definition

1. heat fixed emulsion

2. cover smeal w/bibulous paper

3. flood with malachite green

4. steam for 5-10 min

5. rinse

6. counterstain with safranin 1 min

7. rinse and dry

Term
what do wet mount and hanging drop preps allow you to do?
Definition
determine motility, natural cell size, arrangement, and shape
Term
benefits of the hanging drop preparation
Definition
allows for long-term observation of a living specimen
Term
Hanging Drop Procedure
Definition

1. add petroleum around mouth of depression slide

2. drop water on cover glass

3. add bact

4. place depression slide over cover glass

Term
How do you know if there is motility?
Definition
Motility: red (reduced) TTC is seen radiating outward from central stab line
Term
What is TTC?
Definition

Tetrazolium salt

-used by bacteria as an e- acceptor

-when oxidized its is colorless and soluble

-reduced: red and insoluble

Term
opportunistic infection
Definition
infection caused by pathogens that do not cause disease in healthy person
Term
in the nitrogen cycle column what are the regions from top to bottom
Definition

aerobic

microaerophilic

anaerobic

hydrogen sulfide

Term
what is the theory for isolation
Definition
to identify unknown microbes by obtaining  a pur culture
Term
what is the purpose of endospore stain
Definition
to detect the presence and location of spores within a cell
Term
what are acid fast stains used for?
Definition

to identify acid fast bacilli

used to identify bacteria in the genus Mycobacterium

only done when an infection is thought to be about

Term
purpose of negative stain
Definition
identify morphology and cell arrangement in bacteria that can't withstand heat fixing
Term
what is a slightly curved rod
Definition
vibrios
Term
what is it called if division of cells happen in two planes? three planes?
Definition

-tetrad

-sarcina

Term
when is arrangement and morphology easiest to see
Definition
when orgs ar grown in a broth or observed from a direct smear
Term
The demand for nutrients and production is proportional to ______. And the ability to transport nutrients in and out of cell is proportional  to ______.
Definition

cell volume

surface area

Term
does SA or volume increase more rapidly?
Definition
volume
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