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Labratory and Diagnostic Studies
Lab Values for Fundamentals Nursing Class
104
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
10/16/2012

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Cards

Term
What are the normal values of a RBC count?
Definition
4.2-6.1
Term
What are the normal values of a Hematocrit?
Definition
36%-46%
Term
What are the normal values of a Hemoglobin test?
Definition
12-18
Term
What are the normal values of a WBC count?
Definition
5,000-10,000
Term
What are the normal values of Basophils?
Definition
0.5%-1%
Term
What are the normal values of Eosinophils?
Definition
1%-4%
Term
What are the normal values of Neutrophils?
Definition
55%-70%
Term
What are the normal values of Monocytes?
Definition
2%-8%
Term
What are the normal values of Lymphocytes?
Definition
20%-40%
Term
What are the normal values of platelets?
Definition
150,000-400,000
Term
What are the normal values of Fasting Glucose?
Definition
70-110
Term
What are the normal values of a BUN?
Definition
10-20
Term
What are the normal values of a Creatinine?
Definition
.5-1.2
Term
What are the normal values of a PT?
Definition
11-12.5 seconds
Term
What are the normal values of PTT?
Definition
60-70 seconds
Term
What are the normal values of INR?
Definition
.8-1.1
Term
What are the normal values of Cholesterol?
Definition
<200
Term
What are the normal values of HDL?
Definition
>60
Term
What are the normal values of LDL?
Definition
<130
Term
What are the normal values of Triglycerides?
Definition
35-160
Term
What are the normal values of Albumin?
Definition
3.5-5.0
Term
What are the normal values of Total Protein?
Definition
6.4-8.3
Term
What are the normal values of C-Reactive Protein?
Definition
1.0-3.0
Term
What are the normal values of Troponin?
Definition
<.2
Term
What are the normal values of Sodium? (Na)
Definition
135-145
Term
What are the normal values of Potassium?
Definition
3.5-5
Term
What are the normal values of Chloride?
Definition
98-106
Term
What are the normal values of Calcium?
Definition
9.0-10.5
Term
What are the normal values of Phosphate?
Definition
2.7-4.5
Term
What are the normal values of Magnesium?
Definition
1.3-2.1
Term
What is the purpose of a MRI?
Definition
To look at soft tissue, organs, vessels
Term
What is the purpose of a PET?
Definition
To look for rapidly growing cells (cancer)
Term
What is the purpose of a CT?
Definition
To look at a cross-sectional slice of the body
Term
What is the purpose of a Chest X-Ray?
Definition
To look at the size and location of the heart and lungs
Term
What is the purpose of a Mammogram?
Definition
To screen for breast cancer
Term
What is the purpose of a Thoracentesis?
Definition
To remove fluid around the lungs
Term
What is the purpose of a Paracentesis?
Definition
To remove fluid from the abdomen
Term
What is the purpose of a Liver Biopsy?
Definition
To look for hepatitis, cyst, abscess, tumors
Term
What is the purpose of a Bone Marrow?
Definition
To evaluate anemis, diagnose leukemia
Term
What is the purpose of an Endoscopy?
Definition
It is a scope inserted thru the mouth to look at upper GI
Term
What is the purpose of an IVP?
Definition
To check kidney and bladder function
Term
What is the purpose of an EKG?
Definition
To test electrical impulses of the heart
Term
What is the purpose of an EEG?
Definition
To test brain waves and seizures
Term
What is the purpose of an Angiography?
Definition
To study blood
Term
What is the significance of a RBC Count?
Definition
To test ability to transport and exchange O2
Term
What is the significance of a Hematocrit?
Definition
To measure packed RBC's
Term
What is the significance of a Hemoglobin test?
Definition
To check O2 carrying capacity
Term
What is the significance of a WBC count?
Definition
Elevated levels indicate infection
Term
What is the significance of a Basophil test?
Definition
Elevated levels indicate an allergy or hyposensitivity
Term
What is the significance of a Eosinophil test?
Definition
Elevated levels indicate parasites or an allergy
Term
What is the significance of a Neutrophil test?
Definition
Elevated levels indicate trauma or infetion
Term
What is the significance of a Monocyte test?
Definition
Elevated levels indicate inflammation or infection
Term
What is the significance of a Lymphocyte test?
Definition
Elevated levels indicate bacterial and viral infections
Term
What is the significance of a Platelet test?
Definition
Bone marrow function, clotting ability
Term
What is the significance of a Fasting Glucose test?
Definition
Used to evaluate and diagnose diabetes
Term
What is the significance of a BUN test?
Definition
Metabolic function of the kidney and liver
Term
What is the significance of a Creatinine test?
Definition
Evaluates renal function
Term
What is the significance of a PT test?
Definition
Evaluates clotting ability
Term
What is the significance of a PTT test?
Definition
Evaluates clotting ability
Term
What is the significance of an INR test?
Definition
Evaluates clotting ability
Term
What is the significance of a Cholesterol test?
Definition
Determines risk for coronary heart disease and evaluates hyperlipidemias
Term
What is the significance of a Triglyceride test?
Definition
Determines risk for coronary heart disease and fat metabolism disorders
Term
What is the significance of an Albumin test?
Definition
Evaluates fluid balance and nutrition
Term
What is the significance of a Total Protein test?
Definition
Evaluates fluid balance
Term
What is the significance of a C-Reactive Protein test?
Definition
Evaluates possible future coronary events and evaluates inflammatory diseases
Term
What is the significance of a Troponin test?
Definition
Evaluates cardiac function
Term
What is the significance of a Sodium test?
Definition
Evaluates fluis balance
Term
What is the significance of a Potassium test?
Definition
Evaluates cardiac function, muscle function (follows urine)
Term
What is the significance of a Cloride test?
Definition
Goes with sodium
Term
What is the significance of a Calcium test?
Definition
Evaluates blood clotting ability, neurotransmission, muscle contractibility, cardiac function
Term
What is the significance of a Phosphate test?
Definition
combined w/calcium
Term
What is the significance of a Magnesium test?
Definition
Evaluates ability to activate enzymes
Term
Prep for MRI?
Definition
Remove all metals
Term
Prep for PET?
Definition
IV, isotope, NPO for 4 hr. No alcohol or caffeine for 24 hr
Term
Prep for CT?
Definition
NPO for 4 hr, assess for iodine allergy, premedicate for anxiety
Term
Prep for Chest X-ray?
Definition
NONE
Term
Prep for Mammogram?
Definition
Remove deoderant and powder
Term
Prep for Thoracentesis?
Definition
Cough suppressant
Term
Prep for Paracentesis?
Definition
Empty bladder, assume high Fowler's position, Measure abdominal girth
Term
Prep for Liver Biopsy?
Definition
NPO after midnight, medicate 30-60 min before test,
Term
Prep for Bone Marrow?
Definition
Sedatives
Term
Prep for Endoscopy?
Definition
NPO, bowel cleanse, numb throat
Term
Prep for Barium Studies?
Definition
NPO, bowel prep
Term
Prep for IVP?
Definition
NPO, enema, check BUN and Creatinine
Term
Prep for EKG?
Definition
NONE
Term
Prep for EEG?
Definition
Clean hair (no shampoo/hair products) only 5 hr sleep, no caffeine
Term
Prep for L. Puncture
Definition
Baseline neuro assessment, empty bowel and bladder, consent form
Term
Prep for Angiography?
Definition
NPO for 4-8 hr, Assess for iodine allergy, sedate as ordered
Term
Post care for MRI?
Definition
NONE
Term
Post care for PET?
Definition
Increase intakes, watch for urinating
Term
Post care for CT?
Definition
increase fluid, assess for delayed reaction
Term
Post care for Chest X-Ray?
Definition
NONE
Term
Post care for Mammogram?
Definition
Insruct to self examinate
Term
Post care for Thoracentesis?
Definition
Monitor vital signs, Assess for trauma, lay on unaffected side for 1 hr.
Term
Post care for Paracentesis?
Definition
Measure abdominal girth,vital signs, Assess for trauma and hypotension
Term
Post care for Liver biopsy?
Definition
Vital signs especially breath signs, observe for pneumothorax, place on right side, pain management
Term
Post care for Bone Marrow?
Definition
Keep pressure on puncture site, manage pain, bedrest for 1 hr
Term
Post care for Endoscopy?
Definition
NPO for 2 hr, vital signs
Term
Post care for Barium Studies?
Definition
increase fluis intake- barium gets very hard the longer it stays in
Term
Post care for IVP?
Definition
Assess for reactions, increase fluids
Term
Post care for EKG?
Definition
NONE
Term
Post care for EEG?
Definition
NONE
Term
Post care for L. Puncture?
Definition
Apply pressure to site, lay prone w/pillow on abdomen,flat for 12 hr.
Term
Post care for Angiography?
Definition
Monitor vitl signs, increase fluids, immobilize 4-8 hr.
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