Term
What encompasses normal range? |
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Definition
95%, within 2 standard deviations from the mean |
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Term
Formula to test for sensitivity |
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Definition
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Term
15 tests given as part of a chemistry survey. |
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Definition
Glucose, Total bilirubin, Total protein, Albumin, Alkaline phosphatase, BUN, Uric acid, Creatinine, AST, ALT, Cholesterol, LDH, Calcium, Phosphate, Magnesium |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: 60-110 mg/dl Measures caloric energy source |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: Less than 1.0 mg/dl Measures breakdown of hemoglobin |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: 6.0-7.7 g/dl Includes globulins, gamma globulins, albumin |
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Term
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Definition
Normal range: 3.5-5.0 g/dl Responsible for oncotic pressure and binding Half-life: 15-20 days |
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Term
Alkaline phosphatase test |
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Definition
Normal Range: 20-120 IU/L Cleaves phosphate from single phosphate groups at increased pH Elevated levels associated with cholestasis |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: 8-30 mg/dl Final product of protein metabolism, urea forms in the liver from ammonia (measures nitrogen portion, ~47%) |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: Male - 4-8 mg/dl; Female - 2.6-7 mg/dl End product of purine metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: Less than 1.5 mg/dl By product of the breakdown of muscle creatine phosphate resulting from energy metabolism; excreted primarily by kidney |
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Term
Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) test |
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Definition
Normal Range: Less than 43 IU/L Related to skeletal muscles and liver function Severely elevated levels associated with viral hepatitis or drug toxicity |
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Term
Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) test |
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Definition
Normal Range: Less than 30 IU/L Enzyme related to liver function, more specific than AST Severely elevated levels associated with viral hepatitis or drug toxicity |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: Less than 200 mg/dl Major plasma lipid needed for hormone synthesis |
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Term
Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) test |
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Definition
Normal Range: 100-225 IU/L Catalyzes pyruvate to lactate in glycolysis Enzyme related to liver and muscle function LDH5 corresponds with liver disease |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: 8.4-10.2 mg/dl or 2.1-2.6 mmol/L
Essential mineral |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: 2.6-4.5mg/dl or 0.84-1.45 mmol/L
Essential mineral |
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Term
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Definition
Normal Range: 1.5-2.2 mg/dl or 0.6-0.95 mmol/L
Essential mineral |
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Term
4 tests given as part of a hematology survey. |
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Definition
Hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cells, white blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
Male: 41-50% Female: 36-46% |
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Term
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Definition
Male: 13-17 gm/dl Female: 12-15 gm/dl |
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Term
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Definition
Males: 4.5-5.8 K/mm3 Females: 4.0-5.0 K/mm3 |
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Term
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Definition
Reticulocytes: 0.5-2.5% RBCs MCV (mean cell volume; Hct/RBC): 80-100fl MCH (mean cell hgb; Hgb/RBC): 26-34pg/cell MCHC (mean cell hgb conc.; Hgb/Hct): 31-37g/dl |
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Term
Microcytic, hypochromic RBCs indicate what? What would happen to MCV and MCHC? |
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Definition
Iron deficiency, both MCV and MCHC decline |
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Term
Macrocytic RBCs indicate what? What happens to MCV? |
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Definition
Folate or B12 deficiency, MCV increases |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Differential normal ranges |
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Definition
Segs: 45-75% Bands: Less than 5% Lymphocytes: 20-40% Monocytes: 2-6% Eosinophils: 0-4% Basophils: 0-1% |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
ANC formula and normal ranges |
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Definition
(% neutrophils + % bands) x WBC count
Normal: 1500/mm3 |
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Term
What is a "shift to the left"? |
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Definition
Increased numbers of bands rather than segs; most likely due to infection |
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Term
Lab value for severe neutropenia |
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Definition
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Term
Serum electrolyte normal values |
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Definition
Sodium: 136-145 meq/L Chloride: 96-105 meq/L Potassium: 3.5-5.0 meq/L Bicarbonate: 24-30 meq/L |
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Term
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Definition
Specific gravity: 1.010-1.025 pH: 5-6 |
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Term
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Definition
BB - brain MM - skeletal muscle MB - heart muscle, peaks within 24hrs and decreases in 1-2 days, greater than 5% of total in MI |
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Term
Three types of troponin and peak times |
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Definition
TnI: Peaks in 24 hours TnT: Peaks in 12 hours to 2 days TnC: Not cardiac specific
T/I decreases over 7-10 days |
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Term
6 tests of liver function |
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Definition
Bilirubin, Alkaline phosphatase, LDH, Albumin, AST/ALT, PT |
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Term
What is direct bilirubin? What does it represent? |
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Definition
Direct = conjugated with glucuronic acid Represents post-hepatic events |
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Term
What is indirect bilirubin? What does it represent? |
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Definition
Unconjugated, represents prehepatic or decreased hepatic function |
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Term
What bilirubin levels are typically indicative of jaundice? |
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Definition
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Term
This enzyme is elevated with alcohol use |
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Definition
GGTP (glutamyl transpeptidase) Stays elevated for weeks, very sensitive |
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Term
Normal ranges for pre-albumin |
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Definition
16-40 mg/dl Half life: 2 days Shows up faster than albumin |
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Term
Prothrombin normal ranges |
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Definition
10-13 seconds INR: 1-2 Prolonged in chronic liver disease |
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