Term
Benadryl/Diphenhydramine
Classification: Antiemetic
Usual Dose: 25-50 mg Q4-6 hours PRN
Routes: PO
IM - 100 mg. max 400 mg/24 hours
IV - 10-50 mg. at a rate NTE 25 mg/min. |
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Definition
Action: relief of allergic symptoms caused by histamine release, treatment of motion sickness, used for promoting sleep
Sides: drowsiness,
NC"s: hypersensitivity, acute athsma |
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Term
Betamethasone/Celestone
Corticosteroid long acting
Usual Dose: 6 mg in 2 ml. twice in 24 hours IM |
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Definition
Action: Increases surfactant, matures babies lungs Decrease inflammation
Sides: mood swing, wt. gain, nausea, insomnia, fluid retention
NC's: monitor BP,Q 4 hours, monitor for chest pain, edema, decreased urine output,
crosses placenta, distributed in breast milk |
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Term
Cytotec/Misoprostol
Classification: oxytocic (prostaglandin)
Usual Dose: for induced abortion 800 mcg vaginally, for induction 25 mug 6 hour vaginally, or 25mcg orally 2 hourly, for hemorrhage 200 mcg. QID for hemorrhage rectally max 800 mcg.
Routes: PO, or vaginal or rectal tablet |
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Definition
Action: induces labor, uterine contraction, use for postpartum hemorrhage (rectally
Sides: can cause uterine rupture if used in pregnant women to induce labor. hypertension, hypotension, arrhythmias, headache, deafness syndrome, diarrhea, ado pain, nausea, uterine hyper stimulation
NC"s: If contractions become too forceful must stop contractions to reverse the effect. no special precautions required re: breastfeeding. |
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Term
Clindmycin/Cleocin
Class: Antibiotic
Dose: 150-300mg QID
Routes: PO/IM/IV/topical/Vaginal |
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Definition
Action: For use with serious infection (skin, gynecological, intra-abdominal, bone, joint infections)
Sides: abdo pain, jaundice, nausea, vomiting, metallic taste, rash, hypotension, cardiopulmonary arrest
NC"S C.diff associated with diarrhea may occur during use., does not diffuse into CSF, Anaphylaxis or allergic reactions, Strictly avoid admin. of undiluted solution by IV bolus, Infuse over at least 10-60 min.. More than 1200 mg. per hour not recommended. Deep IM recommended. Can cause adverse effects on breastfed infants gastro flora. |
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Term
Fentanyl/Sublimaze
Class: Analgesia/short acting opiate,
Dose: 50-100 mcg every 2 hours
Route: IV, nasal, transdermal, transmucosal lozange, or sublingual tablet or spray, IM |
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Definition
Action: Narcotic analgesic action of short duration. Also used for sedation.
Sides: hypersensitivity, Bradycardia, respiratory depression
NC"S: possibly safe for breastfeeding infant, amounts of drug ingested by neonate are small and would not be expected to cause any adverse effects. may cause pruritus, sweating, confusion, blurred/double vision |
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Term
Keflex/
Class:Antibacterial
Dose: 1-4 g/day divided bid/qid
Route: PO |
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Definition
Action: For use with bacterial infections caused by susceptible bacteria
Sides: seisures, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdo pain, C.Diff association, rash,
NC'S: cautious administration in penicillin sensitive patients -- cross sensitivity may occur |
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Term
Lidocaine
Class: Analgesia - topical
Dose: do not exceed 75 mg.
Route: topical |
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Definition
Action: topical analgesic. Can be used prior to epidural, catheterization, scopy procedures, and for relief of burn, abrasion, and bite pain.
Sides: watch for hypersensitivity,
NC's: excessive or repeated doses can cause increased absorption leading to high blood concentrations and serious adverse events, keep resuscitative equipment near. Concentrations are low in breast milk, therefore no special precautions are required |
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Term
Lobetalol
Class: Antihypertensive (beta blocker)
Dose: 200 mg PO, then 200-400 mg PO q 6-12 hours
Route: PO, or IV |
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Definition
Action: hypertension control, or to stop hypertonic labor contractions
Sides: tachycardia maternal and fetal, palpitations, chest pain, wide pulse pressure, dyspnea, weakness, dizziness, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, nausea, vomiting
NC's: assess fetal heart rate, assess mothers heart rate |
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Term
Magnesium Sulfate
Class: tocolytics (anticonvulsant)
Dose: for preeclampsia loading dose 4-6 g in 100 ml/over15-20 min. thereafter 2g/hr. smaller dose may stop preterm labor ocntractions
Route IV/deep IM |
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Definition
Action: depresses CNS, acts as an anticonvulsant, decreases frequency and intensity of uterine contractions
Sides: flushing/sweating, hypotension, depressed deep tendon reflexes, respiratory depression
NC's: do not admn. to pt. with myocardial damage, heart block, myasthenia graves or impaired renal function. monitor BP, monitor respirations - do not give if below 12 or O2 less than 95%, or Output less than 30 ml.hr. Have resuscitation equipment in room. |
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Term
Nifedipine
Antihypertensive (calcium channel blocker)
Dose: loading dose 10-20 mg
Route: PO |
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Definition
Action: reduces premature contractions
Sides: flushing, dizziness, headache, nausea, maternal tachycardia, mild hypotension, modest increase in blood glucose level
NC's: monitor for side effects. report pulse greater than 110, slow sit or stand. monitor fetal heart rate |
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Term
Pitocin/Oxytocin
Classification: oxytocics (secreted by post pituitary gland)
Dose for contraction stimulation: 10-40 milliunits in 1000cc LR, or piggyback to main IV via pump. IV - 1-2 milliunit/min. increasing by 1-2 milliunit until regular contractions occur, then decrease dosage
Dose for postpartum hemorrhage: 10-40 units in 1000 ml. nonhydrating diluents infused at 20-40 mU/min.
Dose for incomplete abortion (miscarraige) IV 10-20 units/500ml D5W |
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Definition
Action: stimulates uterine contractions. Used for labor and also for postpartum contractions to control bleeding. stimulates letdown.
Sides: rapid painful uterine contractions and fetal tachycardia. Serious complications may be uterine rupture, seizures, or coma (women who have delivered 5 or more children hold more risk of rupture)
NC"S: short half life. Start solution slowly, then gradually increase dose (20 min.) until adequate contraction pattern is established, then maintain dose. Closely monitor contractions and fetal heart tones. |
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Term
Penicillin
antibiotic
Dose: 2 g, followed by 1 g q 4 hours until delivery
Route: IV |
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Definition
Action: used as a prophylactic for Group B Strep prevention in newborn
Sides: chills, fatigue, fever, headache, ches pain, edema, diarrhea, C. diff association,
NC"S: monitor for anaphylaxis, diarrhea (C.diff. association) |
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Term
Prostaglandin gel (PG gel)/Cervidil, Prepidil, Prostin E2
Class: Prostaglandin
Dose: 0.5 mg may repeat 6 hours later. max dose 1.5 mg.
Route: intravaginal insert/suppository |
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Definition
Action: agent for cervical ripening. Also termination of pregnancy, evacuation of uterine content. Stimulates gravid uterus to contract, also stimulates smooth muscle of GI tract
sides: hypersensitivity to dinoprostone, prostaglandins or oxytocin drugs. ruptrured membranes, placenta previa,
NC's: Carefully examine to determine degree of effacement and appropriate ledge of catheter to be used for application. pt. should remain dorsal for 15-30 minutes after admin., recumbent for 2 hours, bring gel and suppositories to room temp., wait 6-12 hours after administration before using IV oxytocin |
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Term
Reglan/metoclopramide
Class:
Dose: 1-2 mg/kg/dose may be given at 2 hour intervals two more times, then 3 more times at 3 hour intervals.
Route: PO, and IV |
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Definition
Action: Treats stomach and intestines a short term treatment for persistent heartburn. Can also prevent nausea/vomiting. use is typically limited to the third trimester and to prevent mendelson's syndrome during labor and delivery (mendelsons: a chemical pneumonitis caused by aspiration during anesthesia, especially during pregnancy)
Sides: drowsiness, dizziness, agitation, headache, diarrhea
NC's: may pass into beats milk |
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Term
Terbutaline/Brethine
Class: Tocolytics (Beta-adrenergic agent), anti-contraction
Dose: 0.01-0.05mg/min. via IV increasing if needed by 0.01 mg/min at 10-30 minute intervals. Max 0.08 mg/min. Or subQ 0.25 mg q 4 hours
Route: IV and subQ |
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Definition
Action: anti-contraction, labor represent
Sides: Tachycardia mother and infant, dysrhythmias, palpitations, chest pain, dyspnea tremors, weakness, dizziness, headache, hypokalemia, hyperglycemia, nausea, vomiting, flushing, diaphoresis
NC's: contraindicated prior to 20 weeks gestation, premature rupture of membranes, hemorrhage, uncontrolled diabetes, uncontrolled hypertension, monitor fetal HR, monitor for widened pulse pressure, notify Dr. if HR >120 (mother) Resp >24 |
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Term
Vancomycin/
class: Antibiotic
Dose: General dose (may not be labor dose - 2G/day divided q6-12 hour
Route: IV, slow infusion |
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Definition
Action: used as a prophylactic for Group B Strep prevention in newborn usually used instead of penicillin when allergy is present
Sides: hypotension, rash, nausea vomitingc chills, headache
NC's: drug enters breast milk, not recommended |
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Term
Zofran
class: antiemetic
Dose: Tablet 4, 8 mg., Inj. 2 mg/ml
Route: PO, inj. |
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Definition
Action: preventio and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting
Sides: headache, constipation, flushing/warmth in head of epigastrium, hypersensitivity
NC's: single dose of prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting may be administered IV over 2-5 minutes as undiluted solution |
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