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Lab
n/a
75
Anatomy
Undergraduate 3
10/19/2008

Additional Anatomy Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Three phase of the cell cycle.
Definition
Interphase,mitosis and cytokinesis
Term
What are the three phase of Interphase.
Definition
G1 phase, S phase, G2 phase
Term
What phase is G1 phase?
Definition
The cell grows in size and producing organelle.
Term
What happens in S phase?
Definition
DNA in the cell is duplicated/
Term
What happens at the G2 phase?
Definition
The cell grows and prepares for mitosis.
Term
What are the stages of mitosis
Definition
1.Prophase
2.Metaphase
3.Anaphase
4.Telophase
Term
[image]
What is III

chromatin into visible chromosomes and thickening of chromosomes, nuclear membrane begins to disappear, and mitotic apparatus become apparent.
Definition
Prophase
Term
[image]

What is IV?

The chromosomes align between poles of the cell.
Definition
Metaphase
Term
[image]

What is V and IV?

Chromosomes separate at the centromere and spindle fibers attach to region of centromere pull daughter chromosomes toward the opposite poles of the cell.
Definition
Anaphase
Term
[image] What is VII and VIII? daughter chromosomes begin to unwind into chromatin, nucleolus reappears, mitotic apparatus disappears.
Definition
Telophase.
Term
The spitting of the cell into two parts.
Definition
Cytokinesis.
Term
Diffusion
Definition
Movement of particles from a region of high concentration to a regions of low concentrations.
Term
Osmosis
Definition
The movement of WATER across a selectively permeable membrane from solutions of higher WATER conc (H2O with less solutes) to solutions of lower WATER conc (H2O with more solutes).
Term
Filtration
Definition
Results as pressure of a fluid forces particles through a filtering membrane.
Term
Solvent
Definition
a substance that dissolves.
Term
Solute
Definition
Material that becomes dissolved in water.
Term
Hypertonic
Definition
10% sugar solution is Hypertonic to a 5%. More solute is Hypertonic.

.

. [........]<------Hypertonic
Term
Hypotonic
Definition
5% is hypotonic to a 10%. Therefore when there si less solute particles then it is Hypo.


..............
...... [. . .<-]------Hypotonic
...............
Term
isotonic
Definition
If solutions have the same concentrations.
Term
For Hypertonic and Hypotonic solutions INSIDE the cell which way will the water flow due to osmosis?
Definition
If hypertonic inside the cell then water will flow in causing it to burst. If Hypotonic inside the cell the water will flow out and cell will shrink.
Term
How do particle size and temperature effect diffusion rates?
Definition
The hotter the temperature the further it will diffuse (faster).

The smaller the MW or size or molecule the faster it will diffuse.
Term
Kinetic Energy
Definition
Is the energy of motion all molecules have unless at absolute 0.
Term
Brownian motion.
Definition
Small molecules hitting large molecules from which we can infer small molecules are moving.
Term
Equilibrium.
Definition
Particles become uniformly dispersed.
Term
Osmotic pressure.
Definition
The amount of force need to stop osmosis.
Term
sudoriferous gland
Definition
Sweat gland
Term
Sebaceous Gland
Definition
oil gland. On the side of the hair gland.
Term
Apocrine Gland
Definition
Secrete water and a higher concentration of organic acid. looks like ball of yarn.
Term
Meissner's Corpus
Definition
Upper part of the dermis is sensitive to light touch.
Term
Merkel discs
Definition
Upper part of dermis and lower epidermis. very slight touch.
Term
Pacinian corpuscles
Definition
sense pressure.
Term
Warm and cold receptors
Definition
when at normal temperature both are firing.
Term
What are the 11 systems
Definition
Reproductive, urinary, nervous, muscular, respiratory, skeletal, lymphatic, integumentary, digestive, Endocrine, cardiovascular.
Term
1.Superior

2.Inferior
Definition
1.Above

2.Below
Term
Medial
Definition
Towards the midline
Term
Lateral
Definition
Toward the side
Term
1.Superficial

2.Deep
Definition
1.Toward the surface

2.Toward the core
Term
1.Ventral (Anterior)

2.Dorsal (posterior)
Definition
1.To the front

2.To the back (dorsal fin)
Term
1.Proximal

2.Distal
Definition
1.Near the trunk

2.Away from the trunk
Term
1.Sagittal Plane

2.Transverse Plane

3.Coronal Plane
Definition
1. divides the body into left and right portions

2.Divides the body superior n inferior top and bottom horizon

3.cuts anterior and posterior back and front
Term
1.Dorsal body Cavities

2.Ventral Body cavities

On lateral view
Definition
1.Cranial cavity and vertebral cavity

2.Thoracic, Abdominal,Diaphragm, Pelvic
Term
Ventral view:

1.Thoracic Cavity

2.Andominoplevic Cavity
Definition
1. pleural(lung), Pericardial(heart), Mediastium(between the 2 cavities)

Diaphragm is between 1 & 2

2.abdominal , pelvic
Term
When looking at a body how do you tell the quadrants?
Definition
The righter upper is the top on the right side of the patient.

left upper, right lower, left lower.
Term
The first row in the 9 abdominal regions
Definition
right hypochondriac, epigastric, left hypochondriac
Term
The second row down in the 9 abdominal regions
Definition
Right Lumbar, Umbilical, Left Lumbar
Term
The bottom row of the 9 abdominal regions
Definition
Right Iliac, hypogastric, left iliac
Term
Functions of the skeletal system?
Definition
support the body, protection of soft tissue(aka brain n lungs), providing structure for locomotion, storage of calcium, and blood formation
Term
Axial Skeleton
Definition
vertical axis of body= skull,hyoid bone,vertabal column,rib,sternum.
Term
Appendicular skeleton:
Definition
attached to the axial of skeleton=                             -pectoral girdle: clavicle and scapula.
-Upper extremity: humerus, radius, ulna, carpals,
          metacarpals, phalanges.
-Pelvic Girdle:Os coxa.
-Lower ectremity: Femur, Patella, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsal, Metatarsals Phalanges.
Term
What is the compostion of bone?
Definition
Proximal and distal end of the bone.
Term
Epiphyses
Definition
The proximal and distal(top and bottom) parts of the bone.
Term
What is the diaphysis
Definition
Shaft of the bone.
Term
Articular cartilage
Definition
Part of the epiphyses of bone composed of hyaline cartilage and helps reduce friction as the joints move.
Term
Compact bone
Definition
hard and on the outside of the bone.
Term
epiphyseal plate
Definition
hyaline cartilage that occurs in individuals that are growing
Term
spongy bone
Definition
inner bone made of trabeculae(thin plates that run in direction of stress0
Term
red marrow
Definition
Forms blood
Term
yellow marrow
Definition
contains adipose tissue
Term
periosteum
Definition
A dense connective tissue on the surface of the bone.
Term
Ligaments
Definition
parallel straps of connective tissue that connect one bone to another
Term
Tendons
Definition
Attach muscle to bone.
Term
4 shape of bones
Definition
Long, short, flat, irregular
Term
Long bone
Definition
longer then broad:arms,legs,forarms,fingers,thigh
Term
Short
Definition
equal in all dimensions, wrist and ankle
Term
Flat bones
Definition
cranium, pelvic girdle,pectoral girdle sternum, ribs.
Term
Irregular
Definition
floor of skull, facial, and vertebrae
Term
osteoblasts
Definition
active bone forming cells which secrete collagen fibers,
Term
osteocytes
Definition
mature bone cells
Term
osteoclasts
Definition
are cell that remove collagen by acid phosphatase.
Term
olecranon process
Definition
elbow
Term
patella
Definition
bone formed in the tendon that runs from quadriceps to tibia.
Term
Calcaneus
Definition
directly below talus know as the heel bone.
Term
scoliosis
Definition
lateral curve(curves to left or right)
Term
Kyphosis
Definition
Hunchback
Term
Lordosis
Definition
swayback(goes froward in stomach region)
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