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| how many bones are in the skull |
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| what are the 5 special senses |
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| equilibrium, smell, taste, sight, hearing |
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| what are the 4 functions of the skull |
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protect the brain and special senses
form openings for food and air to enter body
provide teeth and jaws for chewing
provide attachment surfaces for muscles that move the head, jaw, eyes, and produce facial expression |
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| What is unique about the hyoid bone |
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| it does not articulate with another bone |
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| ________ bind the hyoid bone to the skull |
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| the hyoid bone serves as a movable base for _________ and is an attachment site for muscles that move the __________ during swallowing. |
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| how many muscles are attached to the hyoid bone? |
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| The part of vertebral column found in the neck is composed of _____________ vertebrae, __________, and ___________ discs |
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| cervical vertebrae, ligaments, intervertebral discs |
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| how many cervical vertebrae are there |
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| What bind vertebrae together? |
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| ligaments and intervertebral discs (cartilaginous pads) |
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| openings, bumps, and depressions found on all bones |
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| openings in bones allow __________ and __________ to enter and exit bones |
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| is mastications voluntary or reflexive? |
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| what is controlled by reflexes in chewing? |
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| the pattern and rhythm of continued jaw movements are mainly controlled by reflexes but can also be voluntary if desired |
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| a _______ is an automatic response to stimuli |
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| facial muscles are used in ______, ________, & ________ |
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| mastication (chewing), facial expressions, speech |
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| mythological greek giant who help up the heavens |
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| shaped like greek letter lambda |
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| The 22 skull bones are divided into _______ and ______ bones |
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| What do cranial bones do? |
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| surround (form the walls of) the cranial cavity |
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| what do facial bones form? |
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Definition
| the foundation of the face and surround the oral cavity |
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| what kind of bones surround the nasal cavity and orbits? |
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| both cranial and facial bones surround nasal cavity and orbits |
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| sutures are _______________ that connect skull bones |
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| as people age, the ____________________ binding bones is replaced by bone |
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| fibrous connective tissue |
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| what does rudimentary mean |
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| paranasal sinuses are connected to the ______ cavity |
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| a _____________ lines the nasal cavity and the sinuses |
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| what is the function of sinuses? |
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it is unclear in science
the lighten skulls, but the saving in weight is trivial
they add resonance to the voice |
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| list the four sinuses in the skull |
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frontal sinus
maxillary sinus
sphenoidal sinus
ethmoidal sinuses (ethmoidal sinuses are many small spaces rather than one or two large spaces like other sinuses) |
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| what is the metopic suture |
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| suture between two frontal bones in fetal skeleton |
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| membraneous areas of skull composed of fibrous membranes rather than bone. eventually replaced by bone by the age of two. |
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| what is the function of frontanel |
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| allow skull to be compressed, making it easier for the head to pass through the birth canal |
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