Term
Clavicle
Location and Function |
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Definition
Location: Superior to first rib and runs horizontally from the manubrium of the sternum to the acromion of the scapula.
Function: Helps support the humerus and scapula maintain their position relative to the rib cage. |
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Term
Atlas Bone (C1)
Cervicle Vertebrae
Function and Articulation |
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Definition
Function:
Supports the head
The facets articulate with rounded condyles on the underside of the skull's occipital bone. |
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Term
Axis Bone (C2)
Cervicle vertebrae
Function |
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Definition
Function:
Allows head to pivot. |
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Term
Inferior Articular Facet
Articulates with |
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Definition
| Flat surface that articulates with the superior articular facet on the axis vertebra. (C2). |
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Term
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Definition
| Oval-shaped concave structure that articulates with with an occipital condyle on the underside of the skull. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attachment site for muscles that move the head and neck. |
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Term
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Definition
| A hole in the transverse process that serves as a passageway for the vertebral artery and vein. |
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Term
| Vertebral Foramen (canal) |
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Definition
| Large opening in the center of the bone through which the spinal cord passes through. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with vertebral bodies above and below. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attachment point for ligaments and muscles that move the head and neck. |
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Term
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Definition
serves as a passageway for a spinal nerve and a pair of spinal nerve roots.
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Term
| Inferior Articular Process |
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Definition
The associated facet is flattened, faces forward, and articulates with the superior articular facet on the vertebra below.
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Term
| Superior Articular Process |
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Definition
a posterior facing, flattened surface on the superior articular process. It is located near the junction of the pedicles and laminae and articulates with the inferior articular facet on the vertebra above.
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with the anterior arch of the atlas bone, where they form a pivot joint. When the head rotates side-to-side the atlas bone rotates around the peg like odontoid process. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with a pair of ribs. (12 bones) |
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Term
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Definition
It serves as the lower half of a facet (= demifacet) that articulates with the head of the rib. |
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Term
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Definition
It serves as the upper half of a facet (= demifacet) that articulates with the head of the rib. The lower half of the facet is found on the body of the thoracic vertebra below.
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Term
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Definition
a thick pad of connective tissues that helps hold adjacent vertebrae together and acts as shock absorber. It consists of an outer layer of fibrocartilage and an inner layer of gel-like substance called the nucleus pulposus.
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Term
| Lumbar Vertebrae 5 Bones (L1-L5) |
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Definition
are located in the lower back and are discernibly larger and stronger than the cervical or thoracic vertebrae.
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Term
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Definition
The large, triangular-shaped sacrum bone (os sacrum) is located inferior to the fifth lumbar vertebra (L5). It is composed of five vertebrae (S1-S5), which fuse during the late teens to the early twenties.
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Term
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Definition
| Each sacral vertebra contains a large central opening (or foramen). Together, the five openings form a sacral canal that extends the length of the bone. Inside the canal are nerve roots that originate from the end of the spinal cord (at L1). |
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Term
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Definition
| The nerve roots give rise to the sacral nerves, which enter and exit the sacral canal through anterior and posterior sacral foramina. |
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Term
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Definition
| Below the sacrum is the coccyx. Also known as the tailbone, the coccyx consists of 3-5 small bones that are often fused. |
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Term
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Definition
the broad, superior end of the sacrum.
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Term
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Definition
the narrow, inferior end of the sacrum, which articulalates of with the first bone of the coccyx.
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Term
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Definition
la horn-like inferior extension of the intermediate sacral crest. The cornu is derived from the inferior articular process of the 5th sacral vertebra and articulates with the coccygeal cornu below or ligament attachment spot of coccygeal cornua.
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Term
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Definition
a tubercular, midline ridge composed of fused transverse processes.
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Term
| Auricular Surface (little ear) |
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Definition
| Articulates with ilium of each hip bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Largest of the three components of the hip bone. |
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Term
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Definition
is the curved upper ridge of the ilium. The latissimus dorsi, quadratus lumborum, erector spine, iliacus, tensor fasciae latae, and abdominal muscles attach along the surface of this ridge.
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Term
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Definition
| Supports the weight of the body when sitting and serves as an attachment point for the sacrotuberous ligament and the hamstring muscles, quadratus femoris muscle, and inferior gemellus muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| accepts the head of the femur to form the hip joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| helps decrease the weight of the os coxae (hipbone). The obturator vessels and nerves pass through a large canal located in the upper portion of the membrane. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a sharp projection from the posterior margin of the ischium. It is an attachment point for the sacrospinous ligament. |
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Term
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Definition
| a large, triangular, wing-like, lateral extension from the body of the first sacral vertebra, at the base of the sacrum. The lateral margin of the ala articulates with the os coxa (hipbone) to form the sacroiliac joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inferior and posterior protion of the hip bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inferior, anterior protion of the hipbone. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the joint between the pubes of the hip bones. It consists of a disc of fibrocartilage. |
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Term
| Aricular Surface of the Ilium |
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Definition
| Projecting anteriorly and inferiorly from the auricular surface is a ridge called the arucuate line. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is formed by 126 bones, including the pectoral girdle (clavicle and scapula), bony pelvis (os coxa, sacrum, and coccyx), and upper and lower limbs (humerus, radius, ulna, carpals, meta-carpals, hand phalanges, femur, tibia, fibula, tarsals, metatarsals, and foot phalanges). |
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Term
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Definition
| It consists of 80 bones, including the skull bones, hyoid bone, vertebrae, ribs, and sternum. |
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Term
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Definition
| The greater pelvis supports the intestines (specifically, the ileum and sigmoid colon), and transmits part of their weight to the anterior wall of the abdomen. |
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Term
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Definition
| The lesser pelvis contains the pelvic colon, rectum, bladder, and some of the sex organs. The rectum is at the back, in the curve of the sacrum and coccyx; the bladder is in front, behind the pubic symphysis. In the female, the uterus and vaginaoccupy the interval between these viscera. |
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Term
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Definition
| The flexible hyaline cartilage makes the breathing process easier. |
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Term
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Definition
| 12 pairs that posteriorly articulate with the thoracic vertebrae. |
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Term
| Body or shaft of the ribs |
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Definition
| Long, curved portion of the rib. |
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Term
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Definition
| It contains the facets that articulate with vertebral bodies of the thoracic vertebrae. |
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Term
| Superior Articular Facets of the Rib |
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Definition
| Articulates with the inferior costal or (demi facets) on the vertebra above. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with the superior costal (demifacet) on the vertebra below. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with the transverse process of the vertebra. |
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Term
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Definition
| Area between the head and the tubercle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Area of shaft with the greatest curvature. |
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Term
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Definition
| attach to the sternum by costal cartilage. |
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Term
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Definition
| attach to the costal cartilage of rib (7), not directly to the Sternum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Have no anterior attachment with the sternum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Bone that connects the humerus with the clavicle bone. |
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Term
| Conoid Tubercle of the Clavicle |
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Definition
| is a bump on the inferior surface of the bone, near the acromial end. It is an attachment point for the conoid ligament. |
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Term
| Coracoid Process of the Scapula |
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Definition
| The term coracoid refers to the marking's resemblance to a crow’s beak (Gr., korax, crow's). The biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, and pectoralis minor muscles attach along the surface of this process. |
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Term
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Definition
| It forms a shallow socket for the articulation of the head of the humerus. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a large, slightly depressed region in the middle of scapula's anterior surface. The subscapularis muscle attaches to this region of the bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a slightly depressed area located superior to the spine. The supraspinatus muscle attaches to this region of the scapula. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a large, slightly depressed area located inferior to the spine. It serves as an attachment point for the infraspinatus muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a lateral, fan-like extension of the spine. It also is an attachment point for the trapezius and posterior deltoid muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a long ridge that runs diagonally across the upper posterior surface of the bone. The trapezius and posterior deltoid muscles attach to the surface of this prominent elevation. |
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Term
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Definition
| Triangular-shaped, superior portion of the sternum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inferior segment of the sternum. Is cartilage and typically converts to bone by age 30-40. Serves as an area of attachment for the rectus abdominis muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Middle segment of the Sternum. |
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Term
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Definition
| a knob-like, upward extension from the first coccygeal vertebra that articulates with the sacral cornu above. |
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Term
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Definition
| extends from the hip to the knee and is the longest and strongest bone in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a prominent, smooth, ball-shaped structure on the proximal end of the bone. The head articulates with the acetabulum of the os coxa (or hip bone) to form the hip joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a pyramid-shaped expanse that connects the head to the shaft. This region is a frequent site of fractures, especially in the elderly. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a large, irregular-shaped process located lateral to neck and superior to shaft. It is an attachment point for the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, obturator, and gemellus muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a medial prominence located just inferior to neck. It is the insertion point for the iliacus and psoas major muscles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Body(shaft) of the femur. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a small, medial protrusion superior to the articular surface of the medial condyle. It is an attachment point for the tibial (medial) collateral ligament. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a small, lateral protrusion superior to the articular surface of the lateral condyle. It is an attachment point for the fibular (lateral) collateral ligament. |
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Term
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Definition
| Large depression located between the medial and lateral condyles on the posterior surface. Articulates with the intercondylar eminence of the tibia. |
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Term
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Definition
| is the smooth surface that covers the anterior portion of the femur condyles. This area articulates with the posterior surface of the patella. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a large, rounded, knob-like projection at the mediodistal end of the femur. It articulates with the medial condyle of the tibia. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a large rounded projection at the laterodistal end of the bone. It articulates with the lateral condyle of tibia. |
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Term
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Definition
| also known as the knee cap. Protection of the knee joint. Knee extension. |
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Term
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Definition
| Somewhat flattened faces proximally (towards the torso). |
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Term
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Definition
| Faces downward. Most inferior part. Pointed in shape. |
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Term
| Articular Facets (Lateral or Medial) |
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Definition
| Depressions on the posterior side of patella, articulates with lateral or medial condyle of the femur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows for the easy and free movement of the wrist. Articulates with the radius and ulna. |
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Term
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Definition
| Performs a unique function as a mechanical link between the distal and proximal carpal rows on the radial aspect. |
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Term
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Definition
| Provides a bony superstructure for the hand. Also involved in movement of the wrist. |
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Term
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Definition
| The carpal bones function as a unit to provide suprastructure of the hand. |
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Term
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Definition
| It is not involved in the movement of the wrist. Articulates with the triquetrum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Important in thumb movement. Most radial of the bones surrounding the carpal tunnel. |
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Term
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Definition
| Four sided figure with two sides parellal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Largest carpal bone, articulates with the lunate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Named for large hook-like projection on its anterior surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of five bones. Each bone consist of a proximal base, an intermediate shaft, and distal head. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is of cuboidal form, and broader behind than in the front, articulates with the metacarpals. |
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Term
| Diaphysis of the metacarpals |
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Definition
| Middle of the metacarpals |
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Term
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Definition
| Oblong surface markedly convex from before backward. Flattened from side to side. |
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Term
| Digits or Phalanges (I-V) |
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Definition
| Make up the distal region of the hand. #1-5 starting with the pollex (thumb). |
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Term
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Definition
| Present oval, concave, articular surfaces broader from side to side. |
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Term
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Definition
| Interphalangeal joints, between the phalanges. |
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Term
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Definition
| smaller than the proximal and each ends in two condyles (knuckles) separated by a shallow groove flat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Seven articulating bones in each foot. |
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Term
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Definition
| Largest bone in tarsals, which is weight bearing bone in the heel of foot. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ankle bone connected to two bones of the lower leg. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of seven bones in foot most lateral of the bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located on medial side of foot. Articulates with the talus distally. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Shaped like a wedge intermediate between 1st and 3rd cuneiform. |
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Term
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Definition
| Occupies center of the front row of tarsal bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Connecting knee to the ankle bones. Supports movement of legs. Largest of the two bones in the lower leg. |
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Term
| Medial Condyle of the Tibia |
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Definition
| Expanded medial proximal end of bone. Flattened (slightly concave) superior aspect serves as the articular surface for the medial condyle of the femur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Expanded lateral proximal end of the bone. Head of Fibula articulates on the facet just below this condyle. |
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Term
| Intercondylar Eminence of Tibia |
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Definition
| Small elevations positioned between the medial and lateral condyles. |
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Term
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Definition
| Serves as attachment point for patellar ligament. |
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Term
| Medial Malleolus of Tibia |
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Definition
| Articulates with talus, forming medial portion of ankle joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with the distal end of the Fibula. |
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Term
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Definition
| Does not carry any significant weight of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, knob-like extension from the superior end of bone. Articulates with the lateral condyle of tibia at the proximal tibiofibular joint. |
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Term
| Lateral Malleolus of Fibula |
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Definition
| pointed distal end of bone. Articulates with the talus, forming the lateral portion of the ankle joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates at the Proximal end with the scapula. Distally, the medial surface articulates with the ulna and laterally it articulates with the radius. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with the scapula's glenoid fossa or cavity. |
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Term
| Anatomical Neck of the Humerus |
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Definition
| Serves as an attachment point for the Articular Capsule. |
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Term
| Greater Tubercle of the Humerus |
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Definition
| A large roughned area on the proximal end of the bone lateral to the head. |
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Term
| Lesser Tubercle of the Humerus |
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Definition
| A roughned area on the bones proximal end, medial to the greater tubercle. |
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Term
| Intertubercular Sulcus or Groove |
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Definition
| Longitudinal depression between the great and lesser tubercle of the Humerus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attachment point of the deltoid muscle. A roughened, raised surface located approximately in the middle of the shaft on the lateral side. |
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Term
| Medial Epicondyle of the Humerus |
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Definition
| A rounded projection at the distomedial end of the humerus. Some of the muscles that flex the forearm, wrist, and fingers attach to the anterior surface of this marking. |
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Term
| Lateral Epicondyle of the Humerus |
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Definition
| A rounded projection at the distolateral end of the humerus. |
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Term
| Coronoid Fossa of the Humerus |
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Definition
| This region provides space for coronoid process of the ulna when the forearm is flexed. A depression located superior to the trochlea on the anterior surface. |
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Term
| Olecranon Fossa of the Humerus |
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Definition
| Area of Articulation with the Olecranon process of the Ulna when the forearm is extended. A large depression located on the posterior surface, superior to the trochlea and capitulum. |
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Term
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Definition
| It articulates with the head of the radius bone. A small, knob-like prominence on the distolateral end of the humerus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna bone. A pulley-shaped formation located medial to the capitulum. |
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Term
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Definition
| The shorter of the two forearm bones. The radius is narrow at it's proximal end and wide at it's distal end. |
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Term
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Definition
| Forms an articulating surface with the capitulum and humerus. Disc shaped prominence at the proximal end of bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Roughened projection along the proximal medioanterior margin. Serves as an attachment point of biceps brachii muscle. |
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Term
| Ulnar Notch of the Radius |
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Definition
| Area of articulation with the Ulna. |
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Term
| Styloid Process of the Radius |
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Definition
| Forms Lateral portion of the wrist joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| Medial aspect (the little finger side) of the forearm and is longer than the radius. |
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Term
| Olecranon Process of the Ulna |
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Definition
| Forms Elbow. Large Fan-shaped projection from the proximal end of trochlear notch. |
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Term
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Definition
| Articulates with the head of the radius. Depression along lateral edge of coronoid process. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, rounded surface at distal end of bone. |
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Term
| Styloid Process of the Ulna |
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Definition
| Forms medial portion of wrist joint. Small, medial projection from head region. |
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Term
| Coronoid Process of the Ulna |
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Definition
| Receives the trochlea of the Humerus to form part of the elbow. |
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Term
| Trochlear Notch of the Ulna |
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Definition
| Area of articulation with trochlea of Humerus. |
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Term
| Diaphysis (Body, shaft) of a Typical Long Bone |
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Definition
| Provides strong support without cumbersome (bulky) weight |
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Term
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Definition
| The proximal end of the bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| The distal end of the long bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Found inside the shaft of the bone. It is filled with red bone marrow in children and yellow bone marrow in adults. |
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Term
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Definition
| A large nutrient artery enters through this hole. Passageway for vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| Layer of hyaline cartilage that reduces friction between bones involved in a joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| A tough connective tissue sheath. Assisting the passage of blood into and out of the bone and assist with growth of the bones. Composed of dense irregular connective tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| The formation of red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and blood platelets. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stores fat and is inactive in blood cell production. |
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Term
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Definition
Epipyseal Plate contains cartilage used for producing bone.
Epipyseal Line is formed after the epipyseal plate has stopped producing bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Decrease the angle of a joint. Most joints of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase the angle of a joint. Most joints of the body. |
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Term
| Hyperextend(hyperextension) |
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Definition
| Increase the angle of a joint beyond anatomical position. Shoulders, wrists, fingers, neck, back, hips, toes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Move an appendage away from the midline ("spread apart") Eyes, shoulders, wrists, fingers, hips, toes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Move an appendage toward the midline. Eyes, Shoulders, wrists, fingers, hips, toes. |
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Term
| Circumduct ("circumduction") |
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Definition
| Move the distal part of an appendage in a circle. Head, arms, fingers, hips. |
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Term
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Definition
| Turn the long axis of an appendage in a circle("twist"). Head, torso, arms, hips. |
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Term
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Definition
Move in an upward direction ("raise").
Eyes, eylids, eyebrows, mandible, shoulders. |
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Term
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Definition
Move in a downward direction ("lower").
Eyes, Eyelids, eyebrows, mandible, shoulders. |
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Term
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Definition
Move in an anterior direction.
Mandible and shoulders only. |
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Term
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Definition
| Move in a posterior direction. Shoulders and mandible only. |
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Term
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Definition
Turn the palm backward or downward.
Hands and wrist only. |
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Term
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Definition
Turn the palm forward or upward.
Hands and wrists only. |
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Term
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Definition
Turn the sole inward.
Feet (ankles) only. |
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Term
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Definition
turn the sole outward.
Feet (ankles) only. |
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Term
| Plantarflex ("plantarflexion") |
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Definition
point toes downward.
Feet and ankles only. |
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Term
| Dorsiflex("dorsiflexion") |
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Definition
Point toes upward.
Feet and ankles only. |
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Term
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Definition
| Support and protect the various organs of the body, produces red and white blood cells, store minerals and enable mobility. |
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Term
| Articular (joint) Capsule |
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Definition
| Tought flexible and fibrous capsule that covers the joint cavity. It is there to support and protect the joints. |
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Term
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Definition
| Surrounded by the connective tissue capsule that attaches the articulating bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lubricates the joint, reducing friction between the bones and allowing for greater movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Attaches bone to bone, usually used to hold structures together and keep them stable. |
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Term
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Definition
| Connects muscle to bone and is capable of withstanding tension. |
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Term
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Definition
| Femur, Tibia, and patella meet. |
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Term
| The Ligaments of the Knee Joint: |
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Definition
| Articular capsule, posterior cruciate, lateral (fibular) collateral, medial (tibial) collateral, arcuate popliteal ligament, oblique popliteal ligament, Patellar ligament, Suprapatellar bursa, infrapatellar fat pad, lateral meniscus, and medial meniscus. |
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Term
| Anterior cruciate of the knee joint (ACL) |
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Definition
| Allows the ACL to resist anterior translation and medial rotation of the tibia in relation to the femur. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is to prevent the femur from sliding off of the anterior edge of the tibia and to prevent the tibia from displacing posterior to the femur. |
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Term
| Lateral (Fibular) Collateral (LCL) |
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Definition
| Connects the femur to the fibula, which is the small bone of the lower leg. A thin band of tissue running along the outside of the knee. |
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Term
| Medial (tibial) Collateral (MCL) |
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Definition
| MCL prevents knee injury by stabilizing the joint and preventing the knee from buckling inwards. |
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Term
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Definition
The patellar ligament is a strong, flat, ligament, about 5 cm in length, which originates on the apex of the patella distally and adjoining margins of the patella and the rough depression on its posterior surface; below, it inserts on the tuberosity of thetibia; its superficial fibers are continuous over the front of the patella with those of the tendon of the quadriceps femoris.
Used for Knee extension. |
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Term
| Arcuate Popiliteal Ligament |
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Definition
| Strengthens the inferior lateral part of the posterior surface of the knee joint. |
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Term
| Oblique Popliteal Ligament |
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Definition
| Broad, flat ligament extends from the intercondylar fossa and lateral condyle of the femur to thte head and meial condyle of the tibia. The Ligament strengthens the posterior surface of the joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| A large space between the lower part of the femur and the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| is a cylindrical piece of fat that is situated under and behind the patella bone within the knee. |
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Term
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Definition
| Smooth Surface for the joint to move on toward the outer side of knee joint. |
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Term
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Definition
| Separates the tibia and femur to decrease the contact area between the bones and serves as shock absorber reducing the peak contact force experienced. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a cranial bone that surrounds and protects the anterior portion of the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| Makes up the top side of the cranium. Articulates with the frontal bone by the (coronal suture), the temporal bone by the (squamous suture), the occipital bone by the (lambdoidal suture), and the other parietal bone by the (sagittal suture). |
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Term
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Definition
| Protects the base and side regions of the brain. It is made up of four parts |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a large, four-sided (or trapezoidal) bone that forms the back and the base regions of the skull. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a butterfly-shaped cranial bone located in the middle of the skull between the frontal and temporal bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a spongy, cuboid-shaped cranial bone located at the top of the nasal cavity and between the two orbits. |
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Term
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Definition
| Are two facial bones that form the cheeks and the lateral walls of the orbits. Articulates with the Temporal, Frontal, Maxilla, and the Sphenoid bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a small facial bone that forms a portion of the anterior medial wall of the orbit. |
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Term
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Definition
Is the facial bone that forms the lower jaw and contains the jaw.
It consists of right and left halves that fuse together early in life.
The anterior portion of the mandible is horse-shoe shaped and runs horizontally. At the posterior ends of the body are two vertical or perpendicular extension called rami (singular;ramus) |
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Term
| Maxilla or Maxillary Bone |
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Definition
| Form the upper jaw. Each Maxilla have four processes and helps form the orbit, roof of the mouth, and the lateral walls of the nasal cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
These small L-shaped, facial bones are located between the palatine processes of the maxilla bones and the pterygoid processes of the sphenoid bones.
Form portions of the hard palate, lateral walls of the nasal cavity, and floors of the orbits. |
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Term
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Definition
A thin bone that runs vertically along the midline of the nasal cavity.
Inferiorly, the vomer articulates with both the maxillae and palatine bones along the midline. |
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Term
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Definition
Paired nasal bones are small, flattened , rectangular shaped bones that form the bridge of the nose.
Protect the upper entry to the nasal cavity and provide attachment for a couple of thin muscles of facial expression. |
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Term
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Definition
| Are junctions between adjacent bones of the skull. |
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Term
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Definition
| The Junction between the frontal and parietal bones |
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Term
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Definition
| The junction between the parietal and temporal bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| The junction between the parietal and occipital bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Junction between the two parietal bones. |
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Term
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Definition
Is a small, U-shaped bone that is located between the mandible and larynx and anterior to the third cervical vertebra.
It does not directly articulate with any other bones.
Loosely held in place by ligaments and muscles that attach to the skull, mandible, tongue, larynx and scapula. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small hole located along the superior margin of the orbit; passageway for the supraorbital vessels and nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two cavities located just above the orbits and behind the superciliary arches. Mucous secretions are drained from each sinus by a frontonasal duct, which empties into the nasal cavity at the middle meatus. |
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Term
| Zygomatic Process of the Temporal Bone |
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Definition
| Anterior extension from lower squamous part; makes up posterior section of the zygomatic arch. |
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Term
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Definition
| Opening along external surface of temporal part; passageway to the eardrum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is the opening through which the facial and vestibulocochlear carnial nerves pass. |
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Term
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Definition
Large, protusion lateral to the styloid process and posterior to the external auditory meatus. Contains air cells that connect to the middle ear.
Also serves as attachment point for the muscles that move the neck. |
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Term
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Definition
| Narrow junction from junction of the tympanic and petrous parts. Attachment point for ligaments and muscles that control the hyoid bone, tongue, and pharynx. |
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Term
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Definition
| Between the mastoid and styloid, through which the facial nerve and the stylomastoid artery pass. |
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Term
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Definition
| Large, oval opening at base of the skull; passageway for spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prominent, rounded elevation located to the side of the foramen magnum; articulates with the superior facet of the atlas (C1) vertebrae. |
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Term
| Greater Wing (Superior or Cerebral Surface) |
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Definition
| Prominent wing-like lateral extension from the body of the sphenoid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Small, Lateral extension from the body of the sphenoid bone, superior to the greater wing. |
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Term
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Definition
| Opening along junctions of lesser wing and body; passageway for optic nerve. |
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Term
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Definition
| Elongated, narrow opening that runs diagnally along back of the orbit between greater and lesser wings; Passageway for oculomotor, trochlear, trigeminal, and abducen nerves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Is a bony, saddle-shaped structure on the superior surface of the body of the sphenoid. |
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Term
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Definition
| Thin vertical plate that extends up from the cribiform plate; attachment point for falx ceribri (= part of the connective tissues that surround and protect the brain). |
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Term
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Definition
| A horizontal plate (or lamina) in cranial floor and roof of the nasal cavity that articulates with the frontal bone. |
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Term
| Olfactory Foramina (Olfact=smell) |
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Definition
| The cribriform plate contains the olfactory foramina, through which the olfactory nerves pass. |
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Term
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Definition
| two large, pyramidal-shape cavities located in the body of the maxillary bone. Each is lined by mucous membrane, and the mucous secretions drain into the midlateral wall of the nasal cavity through a small opening called an ostium. |
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Term
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Definition
| Prominent hole located inferior to orbit; passageway for infraorbital nerve and blood vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inferior extension that contains sockets (alveoli) for teeth. |
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Term
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Definition
| The horseshoe-shaped, anterior portion of mandible. |
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Term
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Definition
| The posterior vertical portion of mandible. |
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Term
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Definition
| The region of mandible where the ramus and body join. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sharply angled anterior extension from the mandibular ramus; attachment point for the temporalis muscle. |
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Term
| Condyle (Condylar Process) |
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Definition
| The posterior extension of the mandibular ramus; consisting of a narrow neck and rounded head. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hole on the anterior aspect of mandible below the second premolar; passageway for the mental nerves and vessels, which exit and supply the chin and low lip. |
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Term
| Alveolar Process of the Mandible |
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Definition
| Inferior extension that contains the sockets (alveoli) for lower teeth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Projection that articulates with zygomatic process of temporal bone to form zygomatic arch. |
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Term
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Definition
| Depression along the junction of the lacrimal bone and maxillary bone that holds the lacrimal sac; tears formed by the sac drain through a duct into the nasal cavity. |
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Term
| Newborn Skull (Fontanels="soft spots") |
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Definition
| At birth, bone formation is incomplete and the mesenchyme-filled spaces become dense connective tissue regions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Located at the midline among the two parietal bones and the frontal bones, is diamond-shaped and is the largest fontanel. It usually closes at 18-24 months after birth. |
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Term
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Definition
| Have greater length than width and consist of a diaphysis (shaft) and a varable number of epiphyses or extremities (ends). They are slightly curved for strength. (Humerus) |
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Term
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Definition
| Are somewhat cube-shaped and nearly equal in length, width, and depth. They consist of spongy bone except at the surface, where there is a thin layer of compact bone. Ex. Most carpals and most tarsal bones. |
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Term
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Definition
Are generally thin and composed of two nearly parallel plates of compact bone enclosing a layer of spongy bone. Flat bones afford considerable protection and provide extensive areas for muscle attachment.
Ex. Cranial bones, which protect the brain; the sternum (breastbone); amd ribs, which protect organs in the thorax; and the scapulae (shoulder blades). |
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Term
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Definition
have complex shapes and cannot be grouped into any of the three categories just described. they also vary in the amounts of spongy and compact bone they contain.
Such bones include, vertebrae, certain facial bones, and the calcaneus. |
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Term
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Definition
Develop in certain tendons where there is considerable friction, compression, and physical stress.
Ex. Patella |
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