Term
| The Family in Human Evolution |
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Definition
-The family is the central social unit for human beings.
-Required by the long gestational period and relatively slow maturation of children.
-Required by decreasing human dependence on fixed behavior patterns and increased use of technology.
-Allowed people to survive to older ages, allowing them to accumulate knowledge and tradition.
-Formed the main unit for transmitting this knowledge and tradition to succeeding generations.
-Families and kinship formed the earliest social and economic units. |
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Term
| What is the role of an attachment system? |
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Definition
-Active, biologically driven, goal directed communication of need to the parent
-Availability (or lack of availability) of parent to the distressed child impacts security
-The child develops internal working models that shape expectations of human relationships based on their experience with the parent |
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Term
| How is family dysfunction related to health problems? |
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Definition
-Domestic violence is related to alcoholism, drug abuse depression, and school failure
-Divorced men have twice the risk of suicide
-Children of divorced families have a higher risk of substance abuse
-More medical services are used by families of divorced parents
-People in dysfunctional marriages show suppressed immune functioning. |
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Term
| What are the 5 family stages? |
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Definition
| the couple, early parenting, late parenting, leave taking, and the empty nest |
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Term
| Family stages (describe "the couple" stage) |
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Definition
| Establishes an effective dyadic relationship and develops relationships with in-laws |
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Term
| Family stages (describe "early parenting" stage) |
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Definition
| Negotiates the transition from couple to parent. Establishes expectations of child and of each other. Active and protective orientation with child |
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Term
| Family stages (describe "late parenting" stage) |
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Definition
| Learns to tolerate and support the increasing autonomy of children. Balances independence with safety |
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Term
| Family stages (describe "leave taking" stage) |
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Definition
| Establishes ways to stay connected with children as they increase independence and leave the home for increasing periods |
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Term
| Family stages (describe "the empty nest" stage) |
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Definition
| Re-establishment of the couple as a primary relationship. |
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Term
| What are the 2 tenets of Wilson's circumplex model? |
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Definition
| adaptability and cohesion |
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Term
| What are the 4 areas of family functioning? |
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Definition
-Emotion management
-World view
-Structure and Organization
-Problem solving |
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Term
| Areas of family functioning (tenets of emotion management) |
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Definition
Aversive
-hostility
-guilt induction
-domination
-little closeness
Avoidance
-emotional distance
-avoidance of feelings
Conflict resolution
-positive and effective approach to conflict |
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Term
| Areas of family functioning (tenets of world view) |
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Definition
Coherence
-Events are not controlled by chance
-Optimism about the future
Life engagement
-Toleration of differences
-Variety
-Moderate risk taking
Religiousness
-Belief in God
-Use of prayer
-Religious rituals |
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Term
| Areas of family functioning (tenets of structure and organization) |
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Definition
Orderliness
-There is order and planfulness in daily activities
Organized cohesiveness
-Family closeness
-Strong rules and roles
Sex-role traditionalism
-Enactment of traditional, gender-based roles |
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Term
| Areas of family functioning (tenets of problem solving) |
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Definition
Effectiveness
-Able to solve problems confronting the family
Problem solving activity
-Problems are addressed directly
-There is active effort to solve problems |
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Term
| What are the 4 family styles? |
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Definition
-Balanced
-Traditional
-Disconnected
-Emotionally Strained |
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Term
| What are the characterisitics of a balanced family? |
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Definition
-Good intergenerational separation
-Good regulation of interpersonal distance
-Active engagement with the outside world
-Support for moderate risk taking |
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Term
| What are the characterisitics of a traditional family? |
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Definition
-Cohesive with emphasis on order and structure
-Emphasize ritual and routine
-Strong religious affiliation
-Demonstrate traditional sex roles
-Internally focused |
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Term
| What are the characterisitics of a disconnected family? |
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Definition
-Low levels of orderliness
-Low intimacy and companionship
-Non-traditional
-Externally focused
-Reliance on outsiders for support and intimacy |
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Term
| What are the characterisitics of an emotionally strained family? |
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Definition
-Well defined boundaries and norms
-Tense and emotionally constrained
-Poorly regulated emotional outbursts
-Unresolved tension and hostility
-Poor conflict management |
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Term
| What skills promote a healthy marriage? |
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Definition
-Communication and problem solving
-Rules for solving the inevitable conflicts
-Forgiveness
-Togetherness based on intimacy and shared identity while respecting individuality
-Establishing a separate identity from parents and siblings while remaining connected to them
-Nurturing, comforting, supporting and encouraging each other |
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