List some of the advantages the Union had during the Civil War.

• larger population
• more factories
• more railroads
• more banks (more $$$)
• better political leadership (Lincoln was president)

List some of the disadvantages the Union faced during the Civil War.

• divided over goals (end slavery or keeping Union together
• poor military leadership
• poor soldiers - most were immigrants with little to no experience

List some of the advantages of the Conferates during the Civil War.

• good military leadership
• more united goals
• fighting for their home

List some of the disadvantages the Confederates faced during the Civil War.

• less money
• no set government
• fear of slave revolt
• less resources

Who were the Confederate soldiers fighting for?

The South

Who were the Union soldiers fighting for?

The North

What was the first battle of the Civil War?

Battle at Fort Sumpter

Define attrition.

wear down one side through exhaustion of soldiers/resources

What gun improvements changed the way the war was fought?

the guns were more accurate and shot longer distances, introduced sharp shooters

Which two battles of the Civil War were crucial (very important) victories for the Union?

Why?

 The Battle of Antietam

Europe was looking ready to support the South if they won, but because the North won this battle, Europe supported the North.

The Battle at Gettysburg

huge loss for the South;

turning point of the war

Define the Emancipation Proclamation and identify the president who started it.

All slaves were freed in the States rebelling against the Union. Because Missouri was helping the Union (North) they were able to keep their slaves.

Under President Lincoln

What was life like during the war for the North?

increased profits for business

inflation

better able to handle issues than the South

income tax started

women working in the labor force

What was life like during the war for the South?

poor economy

shortages of everything

food riots - stealing, fighting

smuggling

How were African Americans treated during the war?

How many African Americans served in the war?

faced discrimination

separate regiments

can't rise above the rank of captain

lower pay than white soldiers

fear of being a POW in the South

180,000 served in the Civil War

Why were African American's afraid of being a POW in the South?

They would either be shot and killed or sold into slavery.

What is Clara Barton known for?

She started the Red Cross to help medical conditions on the battlefield.

Define conscription.

drafting men to fight in the war.

Describe Sherman's March to the Sea?

From Atlanta to Savannah,

Union soldiers destroyed the area - Sherman's idea was to take the war to the civilians -

looted homes, burned crops, killed animals

destroyed anything that would help the South

Define secession.

when a state wanted to leave the Union.

Who was Harriet Tubman?

She was the Conductor on the Underground Railroad.

Who was president of the Confederacy?

Jefferson Davis.

Define popular sovereignity.

Settlers decide by election whether to allow slavery in their territory, as opposed to having Congress make the decision.

What did the Know-Nothing Party believe in?

Nativism - belief that people born here are better than immigrants;

Nativism justified mistreatment of immigrants.

Who were the Forty-Niners?

people who went to California in the gold rush of 1849.

What was the Fugitive Slave Act?

It required citizens to help recover fugitive slaves.

It denied a fugitive's right to a trial.

It was part of the Compromise of 1850.

What was Bleeding Kansas?

What was the real reason that Abraham Lincoln went to war?

To keep the nation together - he didn't want to the South to split from the Union.

Who was John Brown?

What was Harper's Ferry?

He was an abolutionist who went on a rampage and killed pro-slave supporters in the name of God.

Harper's Ferry was an arsenal that Brown planned on capturing.

What did the Free Soil Party want?

They were against slavery and wanted to see land distribution.

How did the gold rush become a cause of the Civil War?

California was not determined free or slave and it's population was exploding.

List the four parts of the Compromise of 1850.

1. California was deemed a free state;

2. Passing of the Fugitive Slave Act - punished people who tried to help slaves escape and kidnapped free people, sent them south to become slaves;

3. No Slave Trade in Washington, DC;

4. Popular sovereignty - determine if states are free or slave states.

Describe the Underground Railroad.

Safe houses that fed and clothed runaway slaves on their journey to freedom in Canada.

What are the three points that came out of Dred Scott v. Sanford?

1. African Americans (free and slave) were not American Citizens;

2. Therefor they could not sue in Federal Court;

3. Also ruled that the Federal Gov't did not have the ability to prohibit slavery in it's territories.

Why did the first battle of the war - Fort Sumter - happen there?