What is the difference between a boomtown and a ghosttown?

Boomtown: refers to a time of rapid (very fast) economic growth.

Ghosttown: after mines were used up, people left and the towns were completely abandoned.

There were no police departments in the Wild West. Who enforced "law and order" during this time?

Vigilance Committees who were volunteers that tracked down and punished wrongdoers.

Explain why cattle drives were dangerous for the  cowboys.

weather: lightning and tornadoes

animals: rattlesnakes

robbers

What was being mined in the Wild West?

gold and silver.

How did people make a living in the Wild West? (Hint: there are 3 answers).

1.  mining;

2.  ranching;

3.  farming

What did the cowboy uniform consist of?

1.  hat: keep out sun and rain;

2.  handkercheif:keep out the dust that is kicked up from cattle;

3.  boots with heels: to keep foot on the stirrups;

4.  chaps: protect legs from cattles' horns;

5.  weapon: protect from animals and robbers.

Define Homestead Act of 1862.

The government gave 160 acres of land to people if...

1.  they were at least 21 years old;

2.  had to be Head of the Household;

3.  had to pay a one time only fee of $10.00.;

4.  had to stay on the land for 5 years;

5.  and improve the land.

How much money did cowboys make each day?

How many days a week did cowboys work? Explain.

$1.00 each day;

7 days a week because animals have to be cared for everyday.

Describe Dawes Act.

Dawes Act Americanized Indians by:

1. cutting their hair;

2. making them dress like white people;

3. making them practice Christianity and not follow their own beliefs;

4. speaking only English;

5. farming instead of being nomads (travelers).

Describe the Battle of Little Bighorn.

Who was the battle between?

Custer's Last Stand

     - the Indians killed every last soldier;

      -the military retaliated (got back at) the Indians by killing any Indian that they came across.

Between Indians and American military unit under General Custer.

How were Native Americans treated from 1820-1850?

What important incident happened in that time?

Indians were pushed past the Mississippi River;

they were discriminated against;

Trail of Tears: forced Indians off of their land and moved them to Oklahoma. Many of them died on the way.

Define the Gilded Age.

On the outside, America looked good, prosperous;

On the inside, there was corruption, crime and segragation.

What were effects of the transcontinential railroad.

Railroads were HUGE for our economy....

-increased settler population lead government to change it's policy toward Native Americans;

-railroads transported goods from the Great Plains to cities in the East;

-railroads made secret agreements that allowed them to control prices;

-farmers fought the power of the railroads.

What two new technologies were invented during the Gilded Age? Identify the inventors.

Bell invented the telephone;

The Wright Brothers invented the airplane.

Define Laissez faire.

Laissez faire:

the government takes a hands-off approach to the economy ($$$).

Define entrepreneur.

Entrepreneur:

a person who owns their own business.

Who were the three entrepreneurs that were important during this period?

What industry is each known for?

John D. Rockefeller: Standard Oil;

J. Pierpont Morgan: banking;

Andrew Carnegie: Carnegie Steel.

Define monopoly.

Give an example of a monopoly.

When a single company acheives control of an entire market.

John D. Rockefeller had a near-monopoly in the oil business.

What is another word for the rise of cities?

urbanization.

List the three main features of the Industrial Revolution.

1. mass production;

2. urbanization (rise of cities);

3. factory system.

What is a corporation?

Corporation: a company that is treated by state law as though it has all of the legal rights of an individual person.

List one advantage of having a corporation.

Who owns a corporation?

The corporation can raise large sums of money by selling shares to anyone who wishes to buy them.

Shareholders or stockholders own a corporation.

What was the main reason that government leaders felt they shouldn't bother businesses?

They (mistakenly) thought that cheaper and better goods would be produced.

What is a reason that monopolies are bad?

One company gets too much power.

Why do consumers hate monopolies?

Consumers have to pay whatever price the monopoly company sets, they have no other choice but to pay.

Which two acts limited monopolies? Explain each act.

1. Interstate Commerce Act: made certain railroad practices illegal;

2. Sherman AntiTrust Act: stopped the growth of monopolies.

What is another word for Commerce?

Commerce = Trade

List the major problems that workers faced during the Industrial Revolution.

1. poor working conditions;

2. low wages;

3. long hours;

4. lack of security;

5. boring and repetitive tasks.

Define labor union.

What is a strike?

labor union: group of workers organized to achieve better common goals;

strike: when a group of union members walk off of the job - no pay for striking.

What are the six ways that employers can fight back against a strike?

1. scabs;

2. blacklisting;

3. lockout;

4. injunctions;

5. yellow dog contract - sign agreement not to join union;

6. company union.

Define Knights of Labor.

Who was the founder?

made up of:

-skilled and unskilled workers,

-men and women;

proposed laws limiting immigration.

Founder: Powderly

What is the American Federation of Labor?

Who was the founder?

Group of white, skilled workers (carpenters, cigar makers, shoe makers);

wanted:

1. higher pay;

2. 8 hour work day;

3. closed shops and

4. better working conditions.

Founder: Samuel Gompers

What was the Haymarket Riot?

A labor rally in Chicago that ended with a bomb blast and riot that killed many people.

Some people blamed Knights of Labor.

What was the Homestead Strike?

Members of the Carnegie Steel plant went on strike to protest a wage cut. 16 people died.

What was the Pullman Strike?

A strike by railway-car makers that spread and tied up other rail lines.

President Cleveland deployed troops to end strike, which proved that the government favored (sided with) big business.

Did the government support labor unions? Why or why not?

No, the government always sides with big business.

Did the public support labor unions? Why or why not?

No, they saw unions as negative they saw them as violent and feared that if wages increased so would goods.

Define Robberbaron.

wealthy, limited competition.

What happened to labor unions after strikes failed?

Knights of Labor collapsed and the AF of L lost membership.