Phylum Porifera

Aquatic; lack true tissues and organs; motile larvae and sessile adults; filter feeders; internal skeletons.

Phylum Cnidaria

aquatic, mostly carnivorous, two layers of true tissues, stinging tentacles, may alternate between polyp and medusa stages, gastrovascular cavity.

Phylum Platyhelminithes

three layers of skin (endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm.), some cephalization, free living or parasitic.

Class Turbellaria

Free living carnivors and scavengers, aquatic or terrestrial, move with cilia.

Class Cestoda

internal parasites, lack digestive tract, body consists of repeating sections. 

Phylum Nematoda

digestive system from mouth to anus, pseudocoelomates.

Phylum Annelidia 

body composed of segments separated ny internal partitions, digestive system with two openings, coelomate, closed circulatory system.

Class Polychaeta

salt water, bristly, fleshy legs on each segment, some live in tubes.

Class Oligochaeta

lack apendages, few bristles, terrestrial or fresh water.

Class Hirudinea

lack appendages, carnivorous or blood sucking parasites, most live in fresh water.

Bivalve

two part hinged shell, wedge shaped foot, sessile as adults, primarily aquatic, some burrow in sand or mud, 

Gastropod

spiral chambered shell, some lack shell completely, distinct head, some terrestrial, others aquatic, most hermaphrodites.  

Cephalopod

tentacles, salt water, closed circulatory system.

Subphylum Trilobita

 two furrows running from head to tail divide body into three lobes, one pair of unspecialized appendages on each body segment, all extinct.

Subphylum Chelicerata 

first pair of appendages, (chelicerae), are used for eating, body composed of a cephalothorax and an abdomen, lack antennae, most terrestrial.

ex. Spider, horseshoe crab, mites.

Subphylum Crustacea

most live in salt water, two pairs of antennae, mandibles, two branched appendages, may have a carapace that covers part or all of its body.

Subphylum Uniramia 

almost all terrestrial, one pair of antennae, mandibles, unbranched appendages.

Class Chilopoda

long body consisting of many segments, one pair of legs per segment, poison claws for feeding, carnivorous.

Class Diplopoda

long body with many segments, two pairs of legs per segment, mostly hebivorous.

Class Insecta

head thorax and abdomen, six legs, wings attatched to thorax, some undergo complete metamorphasis.

Class Crinoidea

filter feeders, feathery arms, mouth and anus on upper surface of body disk, some sessile. 

Class Asteroidea

star shaped, carniverous, bottom dwellers, mouth on lower surface.

Class Ophiuroidea

small body, long armored arms, most only have five arms, lack an anus, most filter or detritius feeders.

Class Echinoidea

lack arms, covered with spikes, herbivorous or detritus feeders, 

Class Holothuroidea

cylidrical body with feeding tentacles on one end, lie on their side, mostly detritus or filter feeders, endoskeleton greatly reduced.

Dorsal, hollow nerve cord, notochord, pharyngeal pouches, and muscular tail for part of development

ex. Chordates

Subphylum Urochordata

salt water, tough outer covering, like chordates as larvae, many adults sessile, some mobile.

ex. sea peach

Subphylum Cephalochordata

fishlike, saltwater, filter feeders, no internal skeleton

ex. Brachiostoma

back bone, endoskeleton, distinct head with skull and brain.

ex. amphibians, reptiles, mammals

Class Myxini

mostly scavengers, saltwater, tentacles around mouth, rasping tongue, extremely slimy.

ex. Hagfish

Class Cephalaspidomorphi

larval filter feeders, adult parasites, salt and fresh water.

Class Chondrichthyes

jaws, fins, and endoskeleton made of cartilage, salt water, several gill slits, scales with spines, ectothermic, two chambered hearts, males internally fertilize.

ex. shark, ray

Class Osteichthyes

bony endoskeleton, aquatic, ectothermic, gills, swim bladder, paired fins, ray finned and lobe finned varieties.

ex. salmon, perch, tuna

Order Sphenodonta

lack internal ears, primitive scales, only found in New Zealand, carnivorous, one species. Sphenodon punctatus.

Ex. Tuatras

Order Spuamata

most carnivorous, majority terrestrial, lizards typically had legs, snakes lack legs.

Ex. gecko, skink, cobra, python, boa

Order Crocodilia

carnivorous, aquatic or semi aquatic, four chambered heart.

Ex. alligator, crocodile, caiman, gavial.

Class Testudines

bony shell, ribs and vertebrae fused to upper part of shell, some terrestrial, others semiaquatic or aquatic, all lay eggs on land.

Ex. snapping turtle, tortoise, box turtle.

Class Aves

endothermic, feathered, scaley legs and feet, hollow bones for flight, four chambered hearts.

Ex. eagle, owl, duck, chicken, penguin.

Order Monotrema

features of both mammals and reptiles, lay externally hatching eggs, produce milk

Ex. Platypus and echidna

Order Marsupialia 

young develop in uterus and emerge in early stage of development, development completed in mothers pouch.

Ex. Kangaroo, opossum, and koala

Order Insectivora

long narrow snouts, sharp claws for digging. 

Ex. Shrew, hedgehog, mole

Order Chiroptera

flying mammals, nocturnal, echolocation, most eat insects nectar or fruit but some drink blood

Ex. Fruit bat, flying fox, and vampire bat.

Order Primates

highly developed brain and social behavior, excellent binocular vision, five digits per hand and foot.

Ex. Monkey, chimp, human

Order Endentata

teeth reduced or absent, feed primarily on insects such as termites and ants.

Ex. Anteater and armadillo

Order Lagomorpha

small herbivores with chisel like front teeth, generally adapted to running and jumping.

Ex. Rabbits, pika, and hares

Order Rodentia

herbivorous or omnivorous, sharp front teeth, 

Ex. Rat, mouse, hamster, squirrel.

Order Cetacea

fully adapted to aquatic existence, flippers, no hind limbs, some use echolocation, use auditory signals to communicate. 

Ex. Whale Porpoise Dolphin

Order Carnivora

carnivorous, aquatic or terrestrial, aquatic species return to land to breed.

Ex. Seals, bear, weasel

Order Proboscidea

herbivorous, trunks, largest land animal

Ex. African anod Asian elephant

Order Sirenea

aquatic herbivores, slow moving, flippers, hind limbs  absent, little body hair.

Ex. Manatee, sea cow

Order Perissodactyla

hoofed herbivores, odd number of digits on each foot, adapted to eating only plants.

Ex. Horse Donkey Rhino Tapir

Order Artiodactyla 

two digits per foot, adapted to eat tough plant material. 

Ex. Sheep Cow Hippo Camel Pig