Term
| Medulla Oblongata (Medulla) |
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Definition
| Forms the inferior part of the brain stem. Begins at the foramen magnum and extends to the inferior border of the pons. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directly superior to the medulla. Bridge that connects parts of the brain with one another. These connections are provided by bundles of axons. |
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Term
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Definition
| Extends from the pons to the diencephalon. Contain colliculi. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pair of nuclei in the midbrain's corpora quadrigenia responsible for visual reflexes (eye movements) |
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Term
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Definition
| Pair of nuclei in the midbrain's corpora quadrigenia responsible for auditory reflexes (impulses from ear to thalamus) |
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Term
| Superior Cerebellar Peduncles |
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Definition
| Attaches cerebellum to brain stem. Contains axons that extend from the cerebellum to the red nuclei of the midbrain abd to several nuclei of the thalamus. |
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Term
| Middle cerebellar peduncles |
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Definition
| Largest peduncles. Their axons carry commands for voluntary movements (those that originate in motor areas of the cerebral cortex) from the pontine nuclei into the cerebellum |
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Term
| Inferior cerebellar peduncles |
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Definition
| Carry sensory information from the vestibular apparatus of the inner ear and from proprioceptors throughout the body into the cerebellum; their axons extend from the inferior olivary tracts of the spinal cord into the cerebellum. |
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Term
| Cuneate Nucleus and tract |
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Definition
| Located in posterior part of the medulla. Associated with touch, pressure, and kinesthesia from arms and upper trunk. |
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Term
| Gracile nucleus and tract |
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Definition
| Located in posterior part of the medulla. Associated with touch, pressure and kinesthesia from lower trunk and legs. |
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Term
| Gracile nucleus and tract |
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Definition
| Located in posterior part of the medulla. Associated with touch, pressure and kinesthesia from lower trunk and legs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Shallow, narrow furrow on the posterior side of the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lies between the brain stem and the cerebellum. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tracts in the anterior part of the midbrain. These tracts contain axons of corticospinal, corticopontine, and corticobullbar motor neurons, which conduct nerve impulses from the cerebrum to the spinal cord, pons, and medulla respectively. |
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Term
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Definition
| Two small rounded bodies near the midline the cerebral peduncles. |
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Term
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Definition
| White matter bulges on the anterior side of the medulla. Formed by the latge corticospinal tracts that pass from the cerebrum to the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| Crossing just superior to the junction of the medulla with the spinal cord. 90% of the axons in the left pyramid cross to the right and 90% of the axons in the right pyramid cross to the left side. This explains why each side of the brain controls movements on the opposite side of the body. |
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Term
| Medulla's unconscious functions |
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Definition
| Centers for: sneezing, coughing, vomiting, hiccuping, swallowing. contains Rythmicity center for breathing and cardiovascular center that helps regulate heartbeat and change blood vessel diameter. |
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