Term
| Glycerol-Phosphate Shuttle |
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Definition
| In the skeletal muscle NADH+H+ transfers it H's to the Mitochondrial FAD forming FADH2 |
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Definition
| In Cardiac muscle Only-NADH+H+ transfers its H's to Mitochindrial NAD forming NADH+H+ |
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Definition
Matrix: Krebs, B-Oxidation(of free FAA)
Inner Membrane: ETC
THe three pumps of the ETC are located in the inner membrane space. |
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Term
| Eletron transport Chain (ETC) |
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Definition
| Electrons removed from NADH And FADH are passed along a series of carriers (cytochromes) Energy is released to phoshorylate ADP to ATP. Each NADH forms 2.5 ATP, where as FADH forms only 1.5 ATP> |
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Term
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Definition
| Energy relased from ETC =H+ Relased from NADH And FADH across the inner mitochodrial Membrane. Result in accumulation of H+ across Consentration and pH gradient with the potential of energy. The resynthesized ATP translocated from mitochondrion to mitochondrion to the Cytoplama by an enzyme is called ATP/ADP translocase. |
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Definition
| requires energy to exchange ATP with ADP across the mitochondrial memebrane. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Oxidation in the muscle. In a well-nourished individuals proteins Supply 2% of the total energy requied for exercise. During prolong long exercise (More than 2 Hrs) protien supplu 5 to 15% of the total energy. People on a Low carb diet the proteins also supply significant amount of energy for exercise. Prolonged exercise protiens use (supply energy) Acetyl CoA And Pyruvate. To maintain Blood glucose at Homeostasis (Glucose-Alanine Cycle)
Supply intermediaries for Krebs cycle are Alpha-ketoglutarate, Succinyl-CoA, Fumarate, and Oxaloacetate. |
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Term
| Mobilization of Triglycerides from Adipose Tisse |
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Definition
| Hormone-sensitive lipase, Activated by Epinephine, Norepinephine, Growth-hormone, Cortisol and Glucagon. Inactivated by: Insulin, Lactic acid and Lipoprotein lipase. |
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Term
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Fuel Utilization During Exercise
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Definition
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Short, maximal bursts of exercise lasting less than 3 seconds (shot put, discus throw, high jump, long jump, short etc.)Almost all the energy is supplied through the hydrolysis of ATP
Maximal intensity exercises of short duration lasting up to 8 -12 seconds (e.g. 100 m dash)About 75 % - ATP/CP system; 15 % Anaerobic Glycogenolysis; 10 % aerobic
Maximal intensity exercises lasting 30 to 60 seconds (200 – 400 m sprints
About 70 % - anaerobic glycogenolysis; 20 % - aerobic
Heavy exercises lasting more than 150 minutes
Small contribution through the hydrolysis of fats at the beginning of exercise, progressively increasing up to 50 %.
Light exercises of long duration
Up to 90 % of the energy is contributed through the hydrolysis of fats.
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