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Definition
| Transformation of energy in biological systems |
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Definition
| application of force though a distance |
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Term
ENERGY TRANSFORMATION- LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
1st law |
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Definition
| Frist law- Energy can neither be created or destroyed, it can only be converted from one form to the other. |
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Term
ENERGY TRANSFORMATION- LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
2nd LAW
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Definition
| 2nd law- During the process of energy transformation the energy goes from the organized state to the state of disorder and ramdomness |
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Definition
| A random , disordered from of energy that can not be used to do work- usually, it is the energy escapes as heat during the process of energy transformation(AS) |
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Definition
| The energy that is used to do work (AG) |
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Definition
The total change in energy(AH)
AH=AG + AS |
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Term
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Definition
| Reactions during which energy is relased |
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Definition
| reactions during which energy is taken in |
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Term
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Definition
| The energy released during exergonic reactions is used to drive energonis reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| The minimum amount of energy requiesd to initiate an exergonic reaction. |
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Term
| ENZYMES-PROTEINS(CATALYSTS) THAT: |
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Definition
Accelerate the rate of specific reactions.
Link exergonic and endergonic reactions-accelerate the rate of coupled reactions.
Mechanism of action-like lock and key Mechanisms.
Mechanism of enzymatic action-Lower the requirement of activation energy |
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| CHARACTERISTICS OF ENZYMES |
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Definition
Enzymes do not make the reactions to occur , they only accelerate the rate of specific reactions.
Enzymes are not used up during the reactions and may be used again and again.
Enzymes cannot alter the final outcome of the reaction.
Each specific reaction is catalyzed only by a specific enzyme. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical componds undergoing change during enzymatically catalyzed reactions |
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Term
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Definition
| a substrate binding site on enzymes. |
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Definition
| binding sites on enzymes for allosteric regulators (modulators) |
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Definition
| substances that may inhibit or stimulate the cataytic activity of enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
| The pH at which the catalytic activity of an enzyme is the highest. |
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Term
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Definition
High energy phoshates
ATP-Adenosine Triphospate
CP:Creatine Phospate
Characteristics of ATP:
Energy liberated during the hydrolysis of ATP is the only energy that may be directly utilizeed by the cells.
ATP cannot be transported from cell to cell, thus each cell must be self-reliant.
Cells have a very small amount of stored ATP, enough to fuel 1 to 3 secound of maximal work, therefore, ATP must be constantly resynthesized in each cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| the temperature at which the catalytic activity of an enzyme is the highest, |
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