Orgin:Rib 2-6, sternum, and medial 1/2 of clavicle

Insertion: Lateral lip of intertubecular groove

Action: Clavical portion- Flexion, adduction,horizontal adduction,internal(medial)rotation of shoulder.

sternal portion-adduction,horizontal adduction, interal roation

Lower fibers-extention.                                              

Pectoralis minor

origin: ribs 3-5

Insertion: Coracoid process

Action: Downward roation; protraction; depression of the scapula; anterior shoulder stabilizer.

Reversed orgin-insertion action: elevates ribs during inspiration when scapula is fixed.

Orgin: Exteral occipital protruberence;spinal process of all cervical and thoracic vertrbrae

Insertion:Spine of scapula and posterior surface of clavical

Action: Upper- scapular elevation; retraction; upward (lateral)rotation;extends head

Middle-retraction

Lower-retreaction; upward rotation, depression

Orgin:Spinous process of lower 6 thoracic vertebre; all 5 lumbar ; posterior ilium; posterior sacrum

Insertion: medial lip of intertubecular groove

Action:extention internal (medial) rotation, adduction of shoulder.

Orgin: Lower lateral border and inferior angle of scapula

Insertion: medial lip of the intertubercular groove

(medial to latissimus dorsi)

Action:shoulder external, medial rotation, adduction.     Lats "little helper

Origin: Transverse process of 1st four cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Superior aspect of vertebral border of the scapula.

Action: Elevation, doward rotation , retraction of the scapula.

Origin: Spinous processes of C7-T5

Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula

Action: Scapula elevation; retraction; downward rotation.

Origin: Anterior lateral aspects of upper 9 ribs.

Insertion: Anterior surface of vertebral border of scapula.

Action: Stabilizes scapula; rotates scapula upward and laterally; Protraction.

Reversed origin-insertion action: elevates ribs during inspiration when scapula is fixed.

Orgin: Subscapular fossa

Insertion: Lesser tubercle

Action: Shoulder flexion;medial (interal) rotation; stabilizes GH Joint

Origin: Supraspinous fossa

Intertion: proxial facet of the greater tubercle.

Action: shoulder abduction. Primary initiator until 30 degrees, then deltoid. Stabilizer of the GH joint.

Origin: Infraspinous fossa

Insertion: middle facet of greater tubercle

Action: exteral/lateral rotation and entension; GH joint stability.

Origin: Upper and middle portions of lateral border of the scapula.

Insertion: Distal facet of greater tubercle.

Action: Exteral rotation and extension.

Origin: Anterior: Lateral/anterior clavicle.

Middle: Lateral acromion process.

Posterior: Inferior spine of scapula.

Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity.

Action: All three heads: Abduction of shoulder.

Anterior:adduction*, flextion,interal rotation of shoulder horizontal adduction.

Middle:abduction of shoulder

Posterior: Adduction*, extention, exteral rotation of shoulder; horizontal abduction.

*Once arm has been abducted to horizontal position, all 3 heads are considered abductions.

Origin: Long head: Infraglenoid tubercle

Lateral head: proxial 1/3 of posterolaterial aspects of humerous.

Medial head. distal 2/3 posterolaterial humerus

Insertion: Olecranon process of Ulna

Action: Long head extends and adducts shoulder. All heads extends elbow.

Origin: coracoid process

Insertion: Middle humerus

Action: Shoulder flextion; assist with adduction;

Horizontal adduction.

Biceps Brachii

Origin: Long head-supraglenoid tubercle.

Short head- coracoid process

Insertion- radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis.

Action: flexes and supinates forearm at the elbow.

Reversed orgin-insertion action: Both heads flex arm at  the shoulder.

Origin: Middle anterior shaft of humerus

Insertion: Ulnar tuberosity and cornoid process of the ulna.

Action: Flexion of elbow.

Origin: Last 8 ribs

Intserion: Linea alba, inguinal ligment, iliac crest.

Action: Rotation to opposite side , lateral flexion to same side , flexes trunk.

Orgin: Inguial Ligament, iliac crest and thoracolumbar fascia

Insertion: Pubic crest, lower ribs, and linea alba

action: trunk flexion , rotation and lateral flextion to same side.

Origin: Iiac fossa, iliolumbar and sacroiliac ligaments

Insertion: Lesser trocanter

Action: Hip flexion, some lateral rotation.

 Origin: Transverse process and vertebral bodies of T12-L5

Insertion: Lesser trochanter

Action: Hip Flexion. Some hip adduction and lateral rotation.

Reversed orgin-inseration action- spinal flexion.

Origin: Pubic Symphosis

Insertion: Ribs 5-7 and the Xiphoid process

Action: Bilaterally trunk and Pelvic girdle flexion. Unilaterally-lateral flexion. Anterior support of spine and pelvic girdle.

Origin: Greater trochanter

Insertion: Lateral border of patella; tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament.

Action: Extends knee joint

Origin: Intertrochanteric line and medial proximal femur.

Insertion: Medial border of the patella; tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament .

Action: Extends knee joint

Origin: proximal 2/3 anterior femur

Insertion: Superior border of patella, tibial tuberosity via patellar ligment

Action: Extends knee joint

Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine

Insertion: Tibial tuberosity

Action: hip flextion, knee extention.

Sartorius (tailor's muscle)

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine.

Insertion: Inferior to medial condyle of tibia

Action: Flexion,aduction, lateral rotation of hip; flexion of knee

Origin: Anterior iliac crest

Insertion: Greater trochanter and lateral tibia via iliotibial band

Action: hip flexion, abduction and medial rotation.Stabilizes knee laterally by tensing iliotibial tract.

origin:Sacrum and coccyx, ilium

Insertion- gluteal ituberosity and iliotibal band

Action: Extersion, lateral rotation of the hip; abduction (upper portion)

Reversed origin-insertion action- extensor of the pelvis

Origin: Ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter

action: Main fuction abduction and medial rotation. Anterior portion assists with flexion; Posterior portion with extention.

Stabilize pelvis when control lateral foot is rasied.

Origin: Ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter

Action: Hip abduction, hip flexion and medial rotation (anterior portion), hip extention and lateral rotation.

(posterior portion).

Stabilize pelvis when contra lateral foot is rasied.

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial tibia

Action: Extention of hip, flexion of knee

Orgin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial tibia

Action: Extention of hip, flexion of knee

Origin: Long head: Ischial tuberosity.

Short head:linea aspera

Insertion: head of fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia

Action: Extention, of hip (long head); flexion of the knee

Origin: Lateral and medial femoral condyles

Insertion: Calcaneous via Achilles tendon

Action: Knee Flextion, plantar flexion. Dorsiflexion of the foot increases knee flexion capability.

Origin: Proximal 1/3 of fibula; middle 1/3 tibia

Insertion: Calcaneous via Achilles tendon.

Action: Plantar Flexion.