Term
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Definition
- SUPERIOR VENA CAVA
- drainage: heaad, upper limbs, posterior thoracic walls, mediastinal structures
- termination: right atrium
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Term
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Definition
- INFERIOR VENA CAVA
- drainage: everything inferior to diaphragm, except posterior abdominal wall
- largest VEIN of the body
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Term
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Definition
- CORONARY SINUS
- drainage: receives venous blood from the heart
- terminagion: right atrium
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Term
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Definition
- RIGHT ATRIUM
- PECTINATE: name of muscles found in thin, rough anterior walls
- Separated from the right ventricle by atrioventricular (tricuspid) valve
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Term
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Definition
- TRICUSPID VALVE (right atrioventricular)
- 3 cusps
- valve is OPEN during VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE
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Term
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Definition
- RIGHT VENTRICLE
- responsible for pumping oxygen-poor blood to lungs
- separated from pulmonary trunk by pulmonary valve
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Term
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Definition
- PULMONARY VALVE
- prevents reflux of blood into right ventricle
- valve is CLOSED during VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE
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Term
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Definition
- PULMONARY TRUNK
- distribution: LUNGS
- branches: right and left pulmonary arteries
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Term
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Definition
- PULMONARY VEINS
- termination: left atrium
- carries OXYGEN-RICH blood
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Term
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Definition
- LEFT ATRIUM
- receives 4 pulmonary veins
- separated from left ventricle by MITRAL/BICUSPID VALVE
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Term
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Definition
- MITRAL/BICUSPID (left atrioventricular) VALVE
- prevents reflux of blood into left atrium
- valve is OPEN during VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE
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Term
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Definition
- LEFT VENTRICLE
- forms APEX of the heart
- pumps oxygen-rich blood to body (except lungs)
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Term
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Definition
- AORTIC (semilunar) VALVE
- prevents reflux of blood into left ventricle
- valve is CLOSED during VENTRICULAR DIASTOLE
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Term
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Definition
- ASCENDING AORTA
- distributes blood into the heart via coronary arteries
- continues as arch of aorta
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Term
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Definition
- RIGHT CORONARY ARTERY
- distribution: right atrium, right ventricle, left ventricle, and interventricular septum
- lies in coronary sulcus
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Term
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Definition
- CHORDAE TENDINAE
- attaches free edges of atrioventricular cusps to papillary muscles
- composed of collagen
- PAPILLARY MUSCLES
- helps assure proper closure of atrioventricular valves
- RIGHT ventricle has 3 cusps. LEFT ventricle has 2 cusps.
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Term
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Definition
- RENAL ARTERY
- originates from abdominal aorta
- passes laterally to enter the kidney
- distribution: kidney, ureter (upper part), and suprarenal gland
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Term
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Definition
- RENAL VEIN
- drains blood from the kidney, upper part of the ureter, left adrenal gland, and left gonad
- passes medially from the kidney and anterior to the renal arteries
- termination: inferior vena cava
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Term
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Definition
- RENAL PELVIS
- funnel-shaped tube that exits the kidney through hilum
- function: conducts urine from major calyces to ureter
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Term
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Definition
- URETER
- muscular tube that begins at the hilum of the kidney and enters the base of the urinary bladder
- fucntion: transport urine from kidney to urinary bladder
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Term
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Definition
- HILUM
- concave, medial border of kidney
- point of entrance or exit for the renal vessels and nerves
- point of exit for renal pelvis
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Term
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Definition
- MAJOR CALYX
- funnel-shaped tube formed by junction of 2+ minor calyces
- function: conducts urine from renal papilla to major calyx
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Term
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Definition
- RENAL PYRAMID
- lie within medulla of kidney
- renal columns separate adjacent pyramids
- function: tubular reabsorption & secretion; releases urine into minor calyces
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Term
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Definition
- RENAL CORTEX
- outer part of kidney that surrounds medulla
- extends into medulla as renal columns
- functions: blood filtration; tubular reabsorption & secretion; & renin secretion
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Term
| GREY MATTER OF SPINAL CORD |
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Definition
- core
- "H" shape
- motor neurons: ventral horns
- sensory neurons: dorsal horns
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Term
| WHITE MATTER OF SPINAL CORD |
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Definition
- outer layer of spinal cord
- myelianted axons
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Term
| ORIENTATION OF GREY/WHITE MATTER IN SPINAL CORD |
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Definition
| opposite of the orientation in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
| conduct AFFERENT/SENSORY impulses |
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Term
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Definition
| conduct EFFERENT/MOTOR impulses |
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Term
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Definition
- surrounds brain and spinal cord
- tough, dense irregular CONNECTIVE TISSUE
- EXTERNAL layer
- function: PROTECTION OF BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
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Term
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Definition
- groove on LATERAL SURFACE
- forms boundaries between FRONTAL/PARIETAL lobes
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Term
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Definition
- fold at posterior border of frontal lobe
- ANTERIOR of central sulcus
- function: controls VOLUNTARY MOVEMENT
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Term
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Definition
- fold at anterior border of parietal lobe
- POSTERIOR of central sulcus
- function: RECEIVES SOMATOSENSORY INFO from the body
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Term
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Definition
- function:
- VOLUNTARY motor activity
- higher mental processing, emotional behavior and SPEECH output
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Term
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Definition
- function
- receives general SENSORY information from the body
- language and tactile object recognition
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Term
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Definition
- function
- HEARING and SMELL
- memory
- speech perception and recognition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- CORPUS CALLOSUM
- connects cerebral hemispheres
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Term
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Definition
- CEREBELLUM
- brainstem
- COMPLEX MOVEMENTS
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Term
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Definition
- THALAMUS
- location: DIENCEPHALON
- relay of SENSORY INFORMATION to the cortex
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Term
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Definition
- HYPOTHALAMUS
- location: VENTRAL DIENCEPHALON
- function:
- control center for ENDOCRINE system
- relates to PITUITARY GLAND
- controls autonomic nervous system
- regulates body TEMPERATURE, food, and water intake
- regulates emotional behavior
- maintains SLEEP/WAKE CYCLE
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Term
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Definition
- PINEAL GLAND
- location: DIENCEPHALON (EPITHALAMUS)
- function: secretes MELATONIN
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Term
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Definition
- PITUITARY GLAND
- location: sella turcica of SPHENOID bone
- Hormone secretions:
- thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH)
- prolactin (PRL)
- adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
- growth hormone (GH)
- luteinizing hormone (LH)
- melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
- follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
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Term
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Definition
- MIDBRAIN
- location: BRAINSTEM
- function: coordinates movements in response to VISUAL/AUDITORY STIMULI
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Term
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Definition
- PONS
- location: ventral aspect of BRAINSTEM
- function:
- RESPIRATION
- transfer of info between CEREBELLAR HEMISPHERES
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Term
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Definition
- MEDULLA OBLONGATA
- location: inferior portion of brain
- fucntion
- respiratory center
- cardiac center
- vasomotor center
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