Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Contact point (between bones, bones and cartilage, or bones and teeth)... bones don't contact one another at joints |
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Term
| Mobility/Stability Around Joints |
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Definition
| Determined by design (bony structures, ligaments, tendons, cartilage, etc.) |
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Term
| Classification of Joints According to Structure |
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Definition
| Structure = absence/presence of a joint cavity and type of supportive connective tissue |
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Term
| Types of Joints by Structure: |
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Definition
1. Fibrous
2. Cartilaginous
3. Synovial |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrous Connective Tissue (dense connective tissue) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid-filled cavities, bone covered with cartilage, often have ligaments |
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Term
| Classification of Joints According to Function |
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Definition
| Function: Degree of movement permitted within the joint |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Structutal Classification: Fibrous |
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Definition
- Rigid
- Immovable
- No "obvious" separation between bones
- Bones joined by connective tissue sutures
- Syndesmoses (distal tibia/fibula, adjacent vertebrae - articulations)
- Gomphoses (teeth)
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Term
| Structural Classification: Cartilaginous |
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Definition
- Very little separation between bones (limited movement potential relative to twisting)
- Compression
- Synchondroses (epiphyseal plates)
- Symphyses (Intervertebral joints)
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Term
| Structural Classification: Synovial |
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Definition
- Separation between bones
- Presence of a joint cavity
- Most common type
- Considered freely moveable
- Surrounded by a capsule that attaches the bones together
- Provides a wide range of movement potential
- Yet maintains strength/stability
- Gliding, hinge, pivot, condyloid, saddle, ball and socket(enarthrodial)
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Term
| Features of a Typical Synovial Joint |
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Definition
- Joint Cavity
- Articualr Cartilage (Hyaline)
- Synovial Fluid
- Joint Capsule (Outer fibrous, inner synovial membrane)
- Fibrous (dense, attache to periosteum of bone)
- Synovial (areolar w/ elastin, may have adipose tissue)
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Term
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Definition
- Plane (gliding)
- Hinge
- Pivot
- Condyloid
- Saddle (modified condyloid)
- Ball and Socket (enarthrodial)
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Term
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Definition
- Very simple
- Side-to-side
- Back-and-forth movements
- Bones flat
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Term
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Definition
- Most common type of synovial joint
- Flexion/extension
- Bones concave to convex
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Term
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Definition
- Rotation
- Rounded or pointed bone articulates w/ ring shaped bone
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Term
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Definition
- Up-and-down
- Side-to-side movements
- Convex oval projection to concave oval depression
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Term
| Saddle (modified condyloid) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Flexion/extension (plus lateral and hyper)
- Abduction/adduction/circumduction
- Rotation
- Elevation/depression
- Protraction/retraction
- Supination/pronation
- Plantar flexion/dorsiflexion
- Inversion/eversion
- Opposition
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Term
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Definition
- Jaw (Temporomandibular)
- Shoulder (Glenohumeral)
- Elbow (Humeroulna/humeroradial)
- Hip (Coxal)
- Knee (Tibiofemoral)
- Ankle (Talocrural)
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Term
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Definition
- Luxation/Subluxation
- Separation
- Torn Glenoid Labrum
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Term
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Definition
- ACL
- PCL
- TCL (MCL)
- FCL (LCL)
- Menisci
- "Unhappy Triad"
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Term
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Definition
- Sprained ankle/Pott fracture
- TMJ
- "Cracking your knuckles"
- Arthritis
- Bursitis
- Joint Replacement
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