Shared Flashcard Set

Details

KIN 2303
Exam 5
111
Fitness
Undergraduate 2
11/11/2019

Additional Fitness Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
The FITT principle allows individuals to see great improvements in fitness. What dos FITT stand for?
Definition
Frequency, Intensity, Time, Type
Term
Which factor of skill acquisition includes providing sufficient time for an individual to participate to enhance movement skills?
Definition
learning time
Term
An object with greater mass will have greater inertia. True or False
Definition
True
Term
Focus on refinement of skill with controlled and consistent performance
Definition
associative stage
Term
verbal stage with slow jerky performance
Definition
cognitive stage
Term
Automatic and very proficient performance with slow/less obvious performance improvement
Definition
autonomous stage
Term
_____is the process by which the state of equilibrium is controlled for a given situation, and_____is how easy or difficult equilibrium is disturbed
Definition
balance, stability
Term
Ability of a joint to move through its full range of motion
Definition
flexibility
Term
ability of a muscle to execute repeat sub-maximal contractions
Definition
muscular endurance
Term
ability of a muscle to exert max force against resistance
Definition
muscular strength
Term
proportion of muscle, bone, fat, and water in the body
Definition
body composition
Term
ability of the body to consume and utilize oxygen during exercise
Definition
cardiorespiratory endurance
Term
which of the following statements about center of gravity is NOT true?
a)center of gravity is at the midpoint where the mass above and below are equal
b) raising the center of gravity will cause an athlete to become more stable
c) center of gravity is always located at a point on the body
Definition
b) raising the center of gravity will cause an athlete to become more stable
Term
The best time for information feedback is immediately after the performance. True or False
Definition
True
Term
Information that is provided as a natural consequence of performing an action is _______ feedback
Definition
intrinsic
Term
information that is provided to the learner by somebody else or some artificial means following a performance outcome is ______ feedback
Definition
extrinsic
Term
_______ is the drag caused by the size and shape of an object and the air turbulence created by the object and is the most common type of drag seen in sport
Definition
profile drag
Term
step 1/4 of qualitative analysis
Definition
preparation
Term
Step 2/4 of qualitative analysis
Definition
observation
Term
step 3/4 of qualitative analysis
Definition
evaluation
Term
step 4/4 of qualitative analysis
Definition
error correction
Term
A calf raise is an example of what type of lever?
Definition
2nd Class (Axis, Resistance, Force)
Term
______ transfer is when players are taught various fundamental movement skills that are later applied to games
Definition
positive
Term
True or False. The higher the intensity of the exercise the longer rest time that will be needed between sets/reps.
Definition
True.
Term
Which type of practice would be the most appropriate to use for learning how to swing a baseball bat?
Definition
whole
Term
AFR (Axis, Force, Resistance)
Definition
3rd Class Lever
Term
ARF (Axis, Resistance, Force)
Definition
2nd Class Lever
Term
RAF (Resistance, Axis Force)
Definition
1st Class Lever
Term
On the Borg Rating of Perceived Exertion which number indicate the activity is hard?
Definition
15
Term
[image]

Which line is precise (prescriptive) feedback, and which line is general encouragement (descriptive)
Definition
precise/presciptive-dotted
general/descriptive-solid
Term
Which of the following sports do you think agility would be most important? Swimming, Long distance running, tennis
Definition
Tennis
Term
Which of Newtons Laws of Motion states that an object will not change its state of motion unless it is acted on by an external force
Definition
1st - Law of Inertia
Term
The turning effect that is produced when a lever works around its axis is
Definition
torque
Term
The ______ principle states that in order to improve performance the training demand must be greater than the normal performance requirements
Definition
Overload principle
Term
Three types of motion
Definition
Linear, Angular, General
Term
Which type of motion requires that all body parts move the same distance and direction at the same time
Definition
Linear Motion
Term
Which type of motion requires that:
1. Body moves on a circular path and rotates about an axis
2. Body segments rotate about their joints
Definition
Angular Motion
Term
Which type of motion requires that:
1. Body/segments move linearly and rotate at the same time
2. true for most athletic and everyday activities
3. combo of the other two types of motion
Definition
General Motion
Term
Any acton that tends to cause an object to change its state of motion through acceleration
Definition
Force
Term
motion result of applying force to center of mass
Definition
linear motion
Term
motion result of applying force away from center of motion
Definition
angular
Term
Midpoint or area where the mass above and below are equal
Definition
Center of Gravity
Term
Changes in body position cause what to change?
Definition
Center of gravity[image]
Term
What happens when center of gravity is raised?
Definition
stability is compromised
Term
what happens to center of gravity when athletic movements are performed properly
Definition
changes are minimized
Term
Center of gravity is not always directly pinpointed on the body. True or false?
Definition
True[image]
Term
If an object has greater mass, what does that say about its inertia
Definition
also greater
Term
Sports that require stability, opposition of forces, agility, changes in direction require lowering what
Definition
Center of gravity
Term
Lever where axis is located between resistance and force
Definition
First Class Lever (RAF)
Term
Lever where resistance is located between axis and force
Definition
Second Class Lever (ARF)
Term
Lever where force is located between axis and resistance
Definition
Third Class Lever (AFR)
Term
bicep curl is an example of what type of lever
Definition
Third Class lever
Term
head nodding is a example of what type of lever
Definition
first class lever
Term
Torque = ____ x ____
Definition
Force arm x Force
Term
is the distance from the axis to where force is applied
Definition
force arm
Term
distance from the axis where resistance is applied
Definition
Resistance arm
Term
Objects will not change their state of motion unless acted on by an unbalanced external force
Definition
Newtons first law (inertia)
Term
Objects will experience a change in velocity or acceleration proportional to the unbalanced external force
Definition
Newtons second law (acceleration)
Term
For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction; forces act in pairs that are equal in magnitude and opposite in direction
Definition
Newtons Third Law (action reaction)
Term
State of a moving system that is not experiencing any change in its direction or speed
Definition
Dynamic equilibrium [image]
Term
state of a resting system that is not experiencing any change in its direction or speed
Definition
static equilibrium [image]
Term
4 Steps of qualitative analysis/quality instruction
Definition
1. Preparation
2. Observation
3. Evaluation
4. Error correction
Term
What step of qualitative analysis deals with:
Knowing the skill, Identification of critical phases, determination of correct execution, determination of skill objective, and skills with similar overall objectives will be governed by similar biomechanical principles
Definition
Preparation
Term
What step of qualitative analysis deals with: Studying the actual execution of the skill(who? what? where? how? planning observations prior to session, hearing, seeing, feeling)
Definition
Observation
Term
What step qualitative analysis deals with:
Diagnosis of a movement, identification of problems and weakness, determination of acceptable range of correct movements, dividing skill into phases, and identifying key body movements involved in each phase
Definition
Evaluation
Term
What step of qualitative analysis deals with:
provision of quality feedback, effective communication, sources of concentration(mental, physical)
Definition
error correction
Term
measure of how easy/difficult equilibrium is disturbed
Definition
stability
Term
4 factors to increase stability
Definition
size of base of support, increase body mass, lower center of gravity, increase distance between gravity line intersecting base and outside base edge
Term
the process by which the state of equilibrium is controlled for a given purpose
Definition
balance
Term
imaginary vertical line that passes through the center of mass
Definition
line of gravity
Term
points of contact between body and surface
Definition
base of support
Term
a technique of taking advantage of the region of air shielded by another person
Definition
drafting
Term
velocity of air flow past object too fast for air to follow body contour and back flow occurs at objects surface
Definition
turbulent flow
Term
main form of drag force in athletic events. deals with turbulent flow, may benefit from drafting
Definition
profile drag
Term
drag created by body size and surface roughness
Definition
surface drag
Term
Three stages of motor learning
Definition
cognitive, associative, autonomous stages
Term
which stage of motor learning:
begins when task is first introduced, learner determines what the skill involves, determines performance goals required to perform the skill, instructions are verbally transmitted, self talk and verbal reminders facilitate learning, and performance is slow/jerky/awkward
Definition
cognitive
Term
which stage of motor learning:
focuses on performing and refining the skill, concentration is directed toward smaller details (timing), performance becomes controlled and consistent, and diminished self talk
Definition
associatie stage
Term
which stage of motor learning:
has automatic and very proficient performance, improvements become slow/less obvious(reduced mental effort, improved style, reduced anxiety)
Definition
autonomous stage
Term
what type of practice deals with practicing independent components of motor skills
Definition
Part practice
Term
which type of practice deals with practicing skill as a whole
example:golf swing, baseball swing
Definition
whole practice
Term
Learners are taught various fundamental movements and applied to a game, when learning from one situation assists learning in another
Definition
positive transfer
Term
goal is very close to activity similarity
Definition
near transfer
Term
Transfer that occurs when the learning goal is a more general capability that is used in a wider variety of skills (when goal is not similar to activity)
Definition
far transfer
Term
when learning from one situation hinders learning in another (e.g., tennis player grips the racket too firmly when learning to play badminton)
Definition
negative transfer
Term
which part of the FITT principle deals with amount of training sessions?
Definition
frequency
Term
what is the recommended training frequency to maintain fitness level
Definition
2-3x week
Term
recommended training frequency to improve fitness goals
Definition
4-6x week
Term
which part of the FITT principle deals with how hard one needs to workout(work/rest)
Definition
Intensity (Borg RPE)
Term
what HR percentage should you train at if trying to develop Cardiorespiratory training
Definition
50-80% of predicted max HR
Term
how many reps at what weight should you train at to develop muscular strength
Definition
10-12 reps at 10 RM weight
Term
which part of the FITT principle deals with how long you should train
Definition
Time
Term
Which part of the FITT principle deals with what activity should you do
Definition
Type
Term
What training principle deals with training demand being greater than normal performance requirement (increased frequency, intensity, and time of training)
Definition
Overload principle
Term
which training principle increases the stimulus periodically
Definition
Progression principle
Term
Which training principle shows shows negative progress in performance due to training interruption (potential explanation for sarcopenia)
Definition
Reversability principle
Term
Which training principle suggests specific training produces specific physiological effects(training that is as close in action as it can be to the end results).
Definition
Specificity principle
Term
Five health related components of physical fitness
Definition
1. muscular strength
2. muscular endurance
3. cardiorespiratory endurance
4. flexibility
5. body composition
Term
ability of a muscle to exert maximal force against resistance, and is measured with one RM
Definition
muscular strength
Term
how to train muscular strength
Definition
8-12 reps 48 hours between sessions
Term
the ability of a muscle to execute repeated sub maximal contractions and is measured in maximal number of reps
Definition
muscular endurance
Term
how to train muscular endurance
Definition
15-30 reps
Term
The ability of the cardiorespiratory and muscular systems to consume and utilize oxygen during exercise and is measured by VO2max
Definition
cardiorespiratory endurance
Term
training cardiorespiratory endurance
Definition
>3x per week, 50-85% of max HR, whole body exercise
Term
The ability of a joint to move through its full range of motion
Definition
flexibility
Term
range of movement achieved with assistance
Definition
passive flexibility
Term
range of movement generated by individual effort
Definition
active flexibility
Term
training flexibility
Definition
no limit on frequency, stop when feel pain, never stretch without warming up.
Term
The proportion of muscle, bone, fat, and water observed in the body
Definition
body composition
Term
is an achieved condition that limits the amount of physical activity that can be performed
Definition
physical fitness
Term
exercise continuum exists, so that what may be considered physical activity to a fit person may be considered exercise to an unfit person
Definition
Physical activity
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