Term
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Definition
Decrease BUN, by destroying Protiens
Decreased GFR = Increased BUN |
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Term
| How do you treat Microalbumin Urea |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Fanconi Syndrome and where does it act? |
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Definition
| Generalized reabsorptive defect in the PCT. Assicted with increased excretion of nearly all AA, Glucose, HCO3-, and PO4, which can result in metabolic acidosis. |
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Term
| What is Pre-Renal Azotemia |
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Definition
Condition characterized by increased serum creatinine or BUN, which is caused by inadequate renal blood flow (decreased CO = CHF). There is no damage to the kidney, damage is before the kidney.
GFR decreased GFR |
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Term
| What is Renal Azotemia (intrinsic Azotemia) |
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Definition
| Condition characterized by tubular injury in the kidney. MCC's are Ischemia, Sepsis, and Nephrotoxins. No reabsorption b/c the kidney is fried. |
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Term
| What is Post-Renal Azotemia |
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Definition
| Damage after the kidneys, causing an abstruction to urine flow that decreases GFR and backs up urea and creatinine in the blood. |
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Term
| What does a RBC Cast indicate |
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Definition
| Glomerulonephritis (ex. Post-Streptococcal Glomerulonephritis) |
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Term
| What does a WBC Cast indicate |
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Definition
| Pyelonephritis or Acute Tubulointestinal Nephritis. |
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Term
| What does a Fatty Cast indicate |
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Definition
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Term
| What does a Muddy Brown indicate? |
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Definition
| Acute Tubular Necrosis (ATN) |
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Term
| Where would you find Coke-Cola colored urine? |
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Definition
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Term
| Mesangial Cells hold everything together, and can release inflammatory mediators and proliferate. What is the time frame for the drawing a conclusion on a diagnosis |
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Definition
< 5 days = Bergers Disease
> 5 days = Post-Strep Glomerulonephritis |
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Term
| Name the Nephritic Diseases |
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Definition
- IgA Gomerulopathy (Bergers Disease)
- Post-Strep Glomerulonephritis (PSGN)
- Membraneoproliferative Glomerulonephritis (MPGN)
- Rapid Progressive Cresentric Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) |
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Term
| Name the Nephrotic Diseases |
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Definition
- Minimal Change Disease
- Focal Segmental Glomerulopathy
- Diffuse Membranous Glomerulopathy
- Type I + II MPGN |
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Term
| Describe Minimal Change Disease |
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Definition
| Disease of children, Looks normal on LM, and is based on a fusion of podocytes. Has a higher incidence of Hodgkins Lymphoma. |
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Term
| Describe Focal Glomerulosclerosis |
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Definition
| MCC of nephrotic syndrome in adults. Sclerosis is focal and not the entire glomerulous. Secondary causes are HIV and Heroin abuse |
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Term
| Describe Diffuse Membranous Glomerulopathy |
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Definition
| Diffuse thickening of the membranes showing a "Spike and Dome" appearance with SUBEPITHELIAL DEPOSITS and presents with insidious nonselective proteinuria. MGN is primarily caused by autoantibodies attack phospholipase A2 receptors. Secondary causes are SLE, Captopril, Gold therapy, and Hodgkins lymphoma. |
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Term
| Describe IgA Glomerulopathy (Bergers Disease) |
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Definition
| Deposits are MESANGIAL IgA. |
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Term
| Describe Post Strep. Glomerulonepritis |
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Definition
| Seen in children following a strep infection (>5 days) presenting with flank pain due to stretching of renal capsule. Diagnosed by granular immunofloressence with immune complex Deposits made up of IgG, C3, and IgM. The deposits are SUBEPITHELIAL. |
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Term
| Describe Rapidly Progressive Cresentric Glomerulonephritis |
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Definition
Syndrome marked with renal failure in less then 12 weeks. Crescent formation on LM, and linear on IF.
Goodpasure is a type |
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Term
| Describe Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (type 1) |
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Definition
Urine pH is > 5.5, with no new HCO3 made
Associated with hypokalemia and increased risk of calcium phosphate kidney stones. |
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Term
| Describe Proximal Renal Tubular Acidosis (type 2) |
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Definition
Urine pH is < 5.5, with a defect in the PCT with no HCO3- reabsorption.
Caused by Fanconi Disease and Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors |
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Term
| Describe Hyperkalemic Renal Tubular Acidosis (type 4) |
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Definition
| Urine pH < 5.5, due to hypoaldosteronism leading to HYPERKALEMIA |
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Term
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Definition
| Flank pain, fever, and N+V. Presents w/ WBC cast |
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