Term
IgA glomerulopathy
(Berger's disease) |
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Definition
most common GN, nephritic or nephrotic
increased IgA synthesis, decreased clearance
mesangial IgA deposits - complement
hematuria after upper respiratory infection
slow to CRF |
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Term
| poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis |
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Definition
nephritis
monst common postinfection GN, after group A strep
subepithelial deposits
diffuse proliferative
CRF uncommon |
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Term
| diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis |
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Definition
SLE
nephritis
subendothelial DNA-antiDNA deposits
neutrophil infiltration of hyaline thrombi
evolves into CRF |
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Term
| rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis |
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Definition
includes Goodpasture syndrome - anti-basement membrane antibodies against collagen in glomerular and pulmonary capillaries
also microscopic polyarteritis, Wegener's granulomatosis
rapid loss of function, crescents |
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Term
minimal change disease
lipoid nephrosis |
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Definition
childhood nephrotic syndrome
T-cell cytokines cause GBM to lose negative charge
proteinuria (only albumin)
positive fat stain in glomerulus and tubules
fusion of podocytes
preceded by respiratory infection or immunization
normotensive
steroid therapy |
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Term
| focal segmental glomerulosclerosis |
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Definition
nephrotic
may be secondary to HIV or IV heroin use
EM - focal damage to visceral epithelial cells
non-selective proteinuria, hematuria
poor prognosis |
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Term
| diffuse membranous glomerulopathy |
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Definition
most common adult nephrotic syndrome
may be secondary to drugs (captopril), infections (HBV), malignancy, autoimmunity
diffuse thickening of membranes, silver spike and dome pattern, beneath visceral epithelial cells |
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Term
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Definition
nephrotic or nephritic presentation
seen wi/ HCV, HBV
subendothelial ICs with granular IF
tram tracks from splitting the GBM by mesangium ingrowth |
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Term
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Definition
nephrotic syndrome
C3 nephritic factor, prevents degradation of C3
diffuse intramembranous deposits, tram tracks
progresses to CRF |
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Term
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Definition
non-enzymatic glycosylation of GBM
increased vessel and tubular protein permeability
hyaline arteriosclerosis (efferents first)
osmotic damage from sorbitol
hyperfiltration damages mesangium
fusion of podocytes |
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Term
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Definition
most common cause of ARF
anuria or oliguria
ischemia ATN caused by prerenal azotemia due to hypovalemia
pigmented renal tubular casts
elevated BUN and creatinine (ratio <15) |
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Term
| tubulointerstitial nephritis |
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Definition
caused by pyelonephritis, drugs, infections, others
pyelonephritis - vesico-ureteral reflux, WBC casts
chronic - U-shaped cortical scars overlying a blunt calyx, visible with IV pyelogram
drugs- penicillin, rifampin, sulfonamides, NSAIDs, diuretics
fever, rash, oliguria, BUN: creatinine <15, eosinophilia and uria |
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