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| The physical components that constitute the computer system, such as the monitor, the keyboard, the motherboard, and the printer. |
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| Computer programs, or instructions to perform a specific task. Software may be BIOS, OSs, or applications software such as a word-processing or spreadsheet program. |
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| a computer that performs at or near the currently highest operational rate for computers. |
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| used primarily by large organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing such as census, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and transaction processing. |
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| a computer of medium power, more than a microcomputer but less than a mainframe. |
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| a small computer that contains a microprocessor as its central processor. |
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| a small, relatively inexpensive computer designed for an individual user. In price, personal computers range anywhere from a few hundred dollars to thousands of dollars. All are based on the microprocessor technology that enables manufacturers to put an entire CPU on one chip. |
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| A popular model of computer made by Apple Computer. Introduced in 1984, the Macintosh features a j graphical user interface (GUI) that utilizes windows, icons, and a mouse to make it relatively easy for novices to use the computer productively. |
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| is the co-founder of Microsoft Corporation and one of the world's richest men. Through Microsoft, ______ helped spur the rise of the personal computer by providing an operating system that could run on a variety of machines. |
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| is one of the co-founders of Apple. _____ served as the CEO of Apple in the 1970s and '80s, and returned to the company in 1997 to serve again as CEO until 2011. During his time away from Apple, He founded NeXT computers and became a billionaire by investing in Pixar. He died of cancer in October 2011. |
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| CPU (Central Processing Unit) |
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Definition
| Also called a microprocessor or processor. The heart and brain of the computer, which receives data input, processes information, and executes instructions. |
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| RAM (Random Access Memory) |
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Definition
| Memory modules on the motherboard containing microchips used to temporarily hold data and programs while the CPU processes both. Information in RAM is lost when the PC is turned off. |
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Term
| USB (universal serial bus)port/connection |
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Definition
| A type of port designed to make installation and configuration of I/O devices easy, providing room for as many as 127 devices daisy-chained together. |
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Definition
| refers to the port (female) and the connector (male) though it often is used to refer to a cable type, which consists of two male connectors RJ45 connected by a length of cat 5 or cat 6 twisted pair cable. These are commonly referred to as Ethernet cables. |
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| Four functions or phases of computing |
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Definition
1. Input
2. Processing- which is the manipulation of information by the computer system. Processing uses the processor or random access memory, otherwise known as RAM. Processing involves the computer's ability to alter data at the command of the programmer's input.
3. Storage- which is the process of permanently saving data on the computer. This process involves a hard drive of some kind. After data has been processed, it must subsequently be stored on a hard drive as opposed to simply rendered via the RAM, which is not a form of permanent storage.
4. Output |
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Definition
| the addition or rendering of data into the computer. This incorporates the mandatory input of a programmer through the keyboard, scanner or other forms of storage media. The most basic sort of input would be typing source code through a keyboard. |
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| when the computer displays data to be viewed by the programmer or other individuals. This usually involves the monitor, printer or a form of storage media that data is copied to. Output typically involves some finished product that is separate from the computer system. |
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| Device that communicates with the CPU but are not loaded directly on the motherboard, such as the monitor, floppy drive, printer and mouse. |
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| a machine for printing text or pictures onto paper, especially one linked to a computer. |
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| a device for examining, reading, or monitoring something, in particular. |
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| The main printed circuit board (PCB) found in computers and other expandable systems. It holds many of the crucial electronic components of the system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals. Unlike a backplane, this contains significant sub-systems such as the processor and other components. |
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Definition
| Internet-based voice and data communication where telecommunications applications, switching and storage are hosted by a third-party outside of the organization using them, and they are accessed over the public Internet. |
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