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Chapter 13
Key Concepts
36
Health Care
Undergraduate 3
11/17/2014

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Term
adverse effects
Definition
the development of undesidredside effect or toxicity caused by the administration of drugs
Term
alimentary canal
Definition
the organs of digestion; the digstive tract
Term
colostomy
Definition
an artificial opening created in the large intestine and brought to the surcace of the abdomen for the purpose of evacuating the bowels
Term
divertculitis
Definition
inflamation of a sac or pouch protruding from the walls of the intestines, especially the colon
Term
flatus
Definition
gas expelled from the digestive tract through the aus
Term
ileostomy
Definition
an artificial opening erected in the small intestine and brought to the surface for the purpose of evacuating feces
Term
nasogastric tube
Definition
a thin tube that is inserted through the nose and into thestomach for the purpse ftilling substance or for the removal of substance
Term
ostomy
Definition
general term for an operation in which an articial opening is formed
Term
peritonitis
Definition
inflammation of the serous membrane lining the abdominal cavity and surrounding the abdominal organs
Term
stoma
Definition
an opening in the body created by briging a loop of bowel to the skin surface
Term
when imaging of the GI tract using barium is:
Definition
contraindicated
Term
what are the two types of contrast agents
Definition
negative and positive
Term
what are the most common negative contrast agents
Definition
carbon dioxide and air
Term
what does a positive contrast agent create
Definition
density difference by attenuating and absorbing the ionizing radiographic beam
Term
what is the most chosen contrast for GI studies
Definition
barium sulfate
Term
what does high contrast in the alimentary canal demonstrate
Definition
organ outlines, pathological conditions, small lesions
Term
what can result if barium gets into the blood stream
Definition
peritonitis,
Term
what affect does barium have on your BM's
Definition
it is constipating can cause fecal impaction or bowel obsstruction
Term
what should be done before a fasting contrast exam
Definition
x-rays, US, NM, iodinated studies, lower GI then upper GI
Term
lower GI child prep
Definition
low residue meal the night before
Term
lower GI adult prep
Definition
24 hour clear liquid diet for all 3 meals but no milk. 10 oz of magnesium citrate
Term
what is the safest solution to use for a cleansing enema
Definition
saline
Term
never inflate the inflatable cuff until it is :
Definition
beyond the anal sphincter
Term
three types of tips
Definition
plain, tip with inflatable cuff, and a double lumen tip used for double contrast studies
Term
what form does barium come in
Definition
liquid suspension or powder
Term
how much barium is needed for a single contrast study for an adult
Definition
1500 mL
Term
steps for placing an enema tip
Definition
sims, gloves, tip, supine
Term
what type of tip do you use for an infant enema
Definition
10F or 12 foley
Term
a double contrast study is excellent for diagnosing:
Definition
polyps and diverticula
Term
how is a stoma created
Definition
by bringing a loop of bowel to the skin surface of the abdomen
Term
what causes patients to need a stoma
Definition
cancer, diverticulitis, ulcerative colitis, and some traumatic injuries
Term
what are the two openings of a stoma for
Definition
upper is for mucus and lower is for fecal material
Term
instillation instrument of choice after the procedure for an ostomy patient
Definition
cone shaped tip with a long drainage bad that attaches to stoma
Term
what are upper GI's and SBFT used to diagnose pathological conditions of
Definition
pharynx, esophagus, stomach, duodenum, and small intestine
Term
how long should patients food fast before upper GI/SBFT
Definition
8 hours
Term
how much barium is a patient expected to drink for and UGI/SBFT
Definition
12 oz of barium
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