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Definition
| The process in which information is retained for later use |
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Definition
| A memory storage system that store information from the senses for up to 3 seconds |
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Definition
| A memory storage system that hold about 7 items for up to 20 seconds before it is transfereed to long term memory or forgotten |
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Definition
| A relatively permanent storage system that can hold vast amts of information for many years |
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Definition
| A fleeting sensory memory for visual images that lasts only for a fraction of a second |
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| A brief sonsory memory for auditory input that lasts only 2-3 seconds |
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Definition
| The process of grouping distinct bits of information into larger wholes, or chunks, to increase short term memory capacity |
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Definition
| STM is limited in the amt of info, and the length of time it can store the info. old info is displaced by new info, like scrolling a page |
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Definition
| the use of sheer repitition to keep information in short term memory |
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Definition
| term used to describe STM as an active workspace where information is accessible for current use |
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Term
| The Serial-Position curve |
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Definition
| by Calkins. A U-shaped pattern indicating the tendency to recall more items from the beginning and end of a list than those in the middle |
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Definition
Primacy- remembering early items in sequence
Recency- advantage for the later items |
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| A technique for transferring information to LTM by thinking about it in a deeper way, through association, meaningfulness etc |
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Definition
-linking of info to the self
-Overlearning
-numerical frequencies |
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Term
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Definition
1. Semantic- verbal
2. Visual |
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Term
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Definition
1. Procedural memory: stored long term knowledge of skills and habits
2. Declarative memory: facts about ourselves and the world |
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Term
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Definition
| Memories are stored in these complex webs of associations, thus when one is recalls, others linked to it are triggered into recall too |
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Term
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Definition
| An experimental task tt requires subjects to decide as quickly as possible whether a string of letters briefly presented make a word or not |
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Term
| Explicit and Implicit memory retrieval |
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Definition
Explicit- memories elicited through conscious recollections to direct questions
Implicit- nonconscious recollection of a prior experience tt is revealed indirectly, by its effects on performance |
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Term
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Definition
| through Fre-recall, recognition,aromatic-memories, contect-dependent, state-dependent |
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Term
| Anterograde amnesia and retrograde amnesia |
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Definition
Anterograde- cannot make long term memories
Retrograde- cannot recall long term memories of the past |
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Term
| 3 consequences of retension without awareness |
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Definition
1)false-fame effect
2)eyewitness transference
3)Unintentional plagiarism |
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Definition
| a consistent pattern where thememory loss for input is steepst after input is received and levels off over time |
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Definition
1) Decay
2) Repression
3) Interference
4) Lack of encoding
[DRIL] |
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Term
| Interference in forgetting/memory |
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Definition
Proactive interference- prior info inhibits new info recall
Retroactive interference- new material disrupts previously learnt material |
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Definition
| memory aids designed to facilitate in recall of info |
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Term
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Definition
| preconceptions about persons, objs, things or events tt bias the way new info is inerpreted and recalled |
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Definition
| tendency to incorporate false postevent information into one's memory of the event itself |
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Definition
| tendency to 'hear' or recall words/objs that were related to the real event/list, but not on it |
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Definition
| memories that are vivid and enduring, of events dramatic or emotional |
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Definition
| memory gap in children about events between 3-4 years |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency to look back on an event and feel like we knew in advance that it was going to happen |
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