Term
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Definition
| the study of how indivduals think, feel and behave in social situations |
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Definition
| processes by which we come to know and evaluate other persons |
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Definition
| a set of theories tt describe how pple explain the causes of behavior |
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| Kelley's Attribution Model (3 types) |
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Definition
| Concensus, distinctiveness and consistency (air con movie theatre) define situational and personal attributions |
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Term
| Fundamental Attribution error |
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Definition
| tendency to overestimate the impact of personal causes of behavior and to overlook the role of situations |
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Term
| Gilbert's 2-step process to fundamental attribution error |
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Definition
1- identify behavior and make quick personal attribution
2- try to correct or adjust inference to account for situational influences |
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| Self-serving attributions |
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Definition
| tendency to have our social perceptions colored by personal needs, wishes and preferences |
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Term
| Forming impressions of others |
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Definition
Asch's Cognitive-Confirmation Biases:
Primacy effect- impression to be formed based heavily on early interaction
Behavior-Confirmation Bias: pple can create false support for their impression by trating target a certain way, illiciting a response that reconfirms initial impression |
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Term
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Definition
| The attraction to a stimulus tt results from increased exposure to it (preference to mirror image rather than photo due to similarity and liking) |
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Term
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Definition
| a tendency to alter one's opinion or behavior in ways tt are consistent with group norms |
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Term
| Sherif's and Asch's studies on conformity |
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Definition
Sherif: moving light, concensus eventually converged
Asch: Visual discriminations in lines, circle of pple who confuse |
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Definition
| Conformity motivated by the belief that others are correct |
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Term
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Definition
| Conformity motivated by a fear of social rejection |
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Term
| Majority influence factors |
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Definition
1) group size (likened to light bulbs in a room making less difference after some)
2) presence of an ally influence
3) salience of norms |
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Term
| Factors that affected obedience to authority |
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Definition
1) the authority status
2) the victim proximity
3) the situation |
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Term
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Definition
| A positive or negative or mixed reaction to any person, object or idea |
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Term
| Central route to persuasion |
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Definition
| process in which people think carefully about a message and are influenced by its arguments |
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Term
| Peripheral route to persuasion |
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Definition
| process in which pple dont think carefully about a message and are influenced by superficial cues |
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Term
| Imfluences on persuasiveness |
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Definition
Source: credibility and likability
Message: importance, emotional aspect oof issue?
Audience: self monitoring tendencies of audience |
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Term
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Definition
| Cognitive-Dissonance theory: an unpleasant psychological state oftern aroused when pple behave in ways tt are discrepant w attitudes |
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Term
| Alternative routes to self persuasion |
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Definition
4 conditions necc:
1) behavior has negative consequences
2) person is physiologically aroused
3) person feels responisble for neg. consequences
4) person attributes arousal to his own behavior |
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Term
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Definition
The tendency for the presence of others to enhance performance on simpe tasks and impair performance on complex tasks
(increased arousal triggered dominant response) |
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Term
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Definition
| tendency for pple to exert less effort in group tasks for which individual contributions are pooled |
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Term
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Definition
| a group decision making style in which grp members convince themselves tt they are correct |
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Term
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Definition
| behavior intended to inflict harm on someone who is motivated to avoid it |
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Term
| Frustration-aggression hypothesis |
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Definition
| theory that frustration causes aggression |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of individuality, often experienced in a group, resulting in a breakdown of internal restraints against deviant behavior |
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Term
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Definition
| Halping behavior tt is intended to benefit others and not oneself |
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Term
| Empathy-altruism hypothesis |
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Definition
| empathetic response to a person in need prodces altruistic helping |
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