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| The trunk of the skeleton; the skeleton's center. |
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| The appendages. The arms and legs including the pectoral girdle and pelvic girdle. |
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| Touch with the intention to investigate, scrutinize and learn |
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| Distinguishing features of bones |
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| Connective Tissue that covers everything inside the body |
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| Divides the body into left and right positoins |
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| Divides the body into anterior and posterior positons |
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| Divides body into superior and inferior portions |
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A structure closer to the trunk - A structre further away from the trunk. Used only when refering to ther arms and legs |
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A structure closer to the midline of the body - A structure furhter away from the midline to the body |
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Closer to the head - Closer to the buttocks Use when referring to structures on the trunk |
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POSTERIOR - ANTERIOR or DORSAL - VENTRAL |
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A structure further toward the back of the body - A structure further toward the front of the body |
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A structure closer to the body's surface - A structure deeper in the body
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| PLANTAR FLEXION - DORSIFLEXION |
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Refers to movement in the ankle only Pointing the foot - Flexing the foot "stepping on gas pedal" - "taking foot off gas pedal" Occurs in the Sagittal Plane |
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Moves a limb away from the body - Moves a limb toward the body Happen along the frontal plane Pertain only to appendages |
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A movement that bends a joint, bringing bones closer together - A movement that straightens a joint, opening the joint Takes place along the sagittal plane |
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Turns out the foot where sole of the foot is turned away from the body - Turns the foot in where top of the foot is away from the body Refers to movement in the feet only Occurs in the Coronal Plane |
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| RADIAL DEVIATION - ULNAR DEVIATION |
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Movement in the wrist bending of the wrist with fingers are displaced toward the radius - bending of the wrist with fingers displaced toward the ulna Occurs in Coronal Plane |
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Bending to one side Movement in the axial skeleton only - neck and trunk Occurs in the Coronal Plane |
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Movement around a point Refers to movement in the axial skeleton, head and vetebral column Occurs in the Transverse Plane |
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| LATERAL ROTAION - MEDIAL ROTAION |
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Refers only to shoulder and hip joints Limb turns away from the midline - Limb turns towards the midline Occurs in the Transverse Plane |
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The pivoting action of the forearm Radius crosses over the ulna, palm down - Radius and Ulna are paraller, palm up Also occur at the feet Occurs in the Transverse Plane |
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| HORIZONTAL FLEXION - HORIZONTAL EXTENSION |
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Movement of the arms Across the body in the front - Across the body in the back Occurs in the Transvers Plane |
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Pertains to the scapula, clavicle, head, and jaw Moves anteriorly - Moves posteriorly Protraction of the Scapula - throwing a punch Retraction of the Scapula - bringing shoulder back in |
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Occurs at the mandible only Talking or chewing to one side |
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Occurs in the scapula and mandible Up - Down Shrugg Shoulders Up - Shoulders Down Close Mouth - Open Mouth |
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| UPWARD ROTATION - DOWNWARD ROTATION |
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Occurs in the scapula Reaching up for something - Reaching down for something |
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Occurs in the carpometacarpal joint of the thumb Thumb and pinky together - Thumb and pink apart |
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Occurs in the shoulders and hips Involves a combination of flexion, extension, abduction and adduction; together these actions create a cone shaped movement circling the arms around; swimming the backstroke |
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| ANTERIOR PELVIC TILT - POSTERIOR PELVIC TILT |
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Tilt pelvis so butt is sticking out - Tucking pelvis in
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When one hip is higher than the other
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| BONY LANDMARKS OF THE SCAPULA |
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Anterior View - Medial Side Superior Angle Vertebral Border Inferior Angel
- Lateral Side Acromion Coracoid Process Supraglenoid Tubercle Glenoid Cavity Infraglenoid Tubercle Axillary Border
-Fossa Subscapular Fossa
Posterior View Spine of the Scapula -Medial Side Superior Angle Root of the Spine of the scapula Vertebrial Border Inferior Angle
-Lateral Side Acromion Infraglenoid Tubercle Axillary Border
-Fossa Supraspinous Fossa Infraspinous Fossa
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| BONY LANDMARKS OF THE HUMEROUS |
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Anterior View -Medial Side Head of the Humerous Lesser Tubercle Medial Condyle Medial Epicondyle Coronoid Fossa
-Lateral Side Greater Tubercle Deltoid Tuberosity Lateral Condyle Lateral Epicondyle Radial Fossa
Posterior View Head of the Humerous Lesser Tubercle Medial Epicondyle Groove for the Ulnar Nerve
-Lateral Side Greater Tubercle Deltoid Tuberosity Groove for the Radial Nerve Lateral Epicondyle
-Fossa Olecranon Fossa
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| BONY LANDMARKS OF THE CLAVICAL |
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Carpals Metacarpals Phalanges
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| BONES OF THE PALM OF THE HAND |
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14 bones 5 proximal bones 5 medial bones 4 distal bones
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| BONY LANDMARKS OF THE RADIUS AND ULNA |
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Anterior View Radius Head of the Radius Neck of the Radius Radial Tuberoisty Styloid Process of the Radius
Ulna Olecranon Process Coronoid Process Tuberosity of the Ulna Styloid Process of the Ulna
Posterior View Radius Head of the Radius Neck of the Radius Styloid Process of the Radius
Ulna Olecranon Process Styloid Process of the Ulna
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| BONES OF THE VERTEBRAL COLUMN |
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Cervical Vertebrae Thoracic Vertebrae Lumbar Vertebrae Sacrum Coccyx
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| 12 Vertebrae in the rib cage area |
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| 5 vertebraes in the lower back area |
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24 ribs - 12 pairs Ribs 1-7 attach directly to sternum Ribs 8 -10 attach indirecly to the sternum by means of costal cartilage Ribs 11 -12 are floating ribs
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Manubrium Body of the Sternum Xiphoid Process
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| BONES INVOLVED IN ROTATION OF THE NECK |
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Atlas - C1 Axis - C2 atlantoaxial joint
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a joint; where two bones; allows for movement |
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| spongy tissue between each vertebrae providing cushion between the bones |
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| BONY LANDMARKS OF THE VERTEBRAE |
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The Body - on the anterior surface of the spine Spinous Process Transverse Processes
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22 8 Cranial bones 14 facial bones |
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Frontal Parietal (2) Temporal (2) Ethmoid Sphenoid Occiput |
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Vomer Zygomatic Maxilla Mandible |
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BONY LANDMARKS OF THE SKULL AND FACE ANTERIOR VIEW |
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Frontal Parietal Temporal Ethmoid Sphenoid Zygomatic Vomer Maxilla Mandible |
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BONY LANDMARKS OF THE SKULL AND FACE POSTERIOR VIEW |
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Sagittal Suture Parietal Occiput External Occipital Protuberance Temporal Mastoid Process Maxilla Mandible |
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BONY LANDMARKS OF THE SKULL AND FACE LATERAL VIEW |
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Frontal Coronal Suture Parietal Occiput External Occipital Protuberance Temporal Sphenoid Ethmoid Zygomatic Arch Zygomatic Mastoid Process Styloid Process of the Temporal Bone Maxilla Mandible |
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BONY LANDMARKS OF THE SKULL AND FACE INFERIOR VIEW |
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External Occipitual Protuberance Occiput Foramen Magnum Mastoid Process Temporal Sphenoid Vomer Zygomatic Maxilla |
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| BONY LANDMARKS OF THE PELVIS |
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ANTERIOR VIEW Ilium Iliac Crest ASIS AIIS Pubis Ischium POSTERIOR VIEW Ilium PSIS Pubis Obturator Foramen Ischium Ischial Tuberosity MEDIAL VIEW ASIS Iliac Crest PSIS Ilium Pubis Obturator Foramen Ischium Ischial Tuberosity LATERAL VIEW PIIS PSIS Iliac Crest ASIS AIIS Ilium Pubis Acetabulum Obturator Foramen Ischium Ischial Tuberosity
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| BONY LANDMARKS OF THE FEMUR |
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ANTERIOR VIEW -Medial Side Head of the Femur Neck of the Femur Lesser Trocantor Medial Epicondyle Medial Condyle
-Lateral Side Greater Trocantor Lateral Epicondyle Medial Epicondyle
Patellar Surface POSTERIOR VIEW
-Medial Side Head of the Femur Neck of the Femur Lesser Trocantor Medial Epicondyle Medial Condyle
-Lateral Side Greater Trocantor Gluteal Tuberosity Medial Lip of the Linea Aspera Lateral Lip of the Linea Aspera Lateral Epicondyle Medial Epicondyle
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