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Judaism
Preparation for Exam #3
50
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 3
12/06/2010

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Aggadah
Definition
-Lore

-Some in Talmud, most in the Midrash
Term
Ashkenazim
Definition
The Jews who come from Europe, particularly Eastern Europe
Term
Bar/Bat Mitzvah
Definition
"Son/Daughter of the Commandment"

Rite of passage in which one reads from the Torah

Boys age 13, girls age 12

(However, there are no bat mitzvahs in orthodox groups)
Term
Gemara
Definition
Part of the Talmud

Commentary by later rabbis on issues raised in the Mishnah

Palestinian and Babylonian versions
Term
Halachah
Definition
Law

Part of the oral Torah
Term
Hanukkah
Definition
Festival of lights, celebrates the Jewish victory over the Hellenization program of Antiochus IV
Term
Hasidim
Definition
Group of ultra-orthodox Jews

Mystical Rabbis

Long forelocks
Term
Kippah
Definition
Small head covering worn by men

Yarmulka
Term
Kosher
Definition
Means "fit"

Food which the Jews are permitted to eat; no pork, no mixing of milk and meat
Term
Messiah
Definition
The anticipated savior of the Jews

"Anointed One"

Earthly
Term
Mezuzah
Definition
"Doorpost"

The first two paragraphs of the Shema, placed in a small box and affixed to the doorpost
Term
Midrash
Definition
"Search"

Written form of the Aggadah
Term
Mikveh
Definition
Ritual bath in running water

Used by priests of orthodox women
Term
Minyan
Definition
Ten males (if orthodox) or ten males or females (conservative/reform)

This group is required for certain prayers
Term
Mishnah
Definition
The written compilation of what had been oral Halachah; discussions of early rabbis

Set down in written form around 200 CE
Term
Mitnagdim
Definition
Group of ultra-orthodox

Opponents of the Hasidim
Term
Moses
Definition
Hebrew prophet who led the Islraelites out of Egypt, delivered the Law during the years of wandering in the wilderness
Term
Orthodoxy
Definition
Adherence to correct beliefs and doctrines
Term
Orthopraxy
Definition
Adherence to correct actions or practices

More important in Judaism today than orthodoxy
Term
Passover
Definition
Spring festival celebrating the deliverance from Egypt

Feast of tabernacles
Term
Pogrom
Definition
Organized riots which resulted in the murder of Jews and the pillaging of their homes and possessions
Term
Purim
Definition
Spring festival celebrating the deliverance of the Jews in the days of queen Esther
Term
Rabbi
Definition
"My master"

An authorized teacher
Term
Rosh Hashanah
Definition
Festival celebrating the new year
Term
Sabbath
Definition
The holy day of rest and reflection observed each Saturday
Term
Seder
Definition
The order of the ritual at the passover meal
Term
Sephardim
Definition
Jews that come from Spain or Arab lands
Term
Shema
Definition
"Hear"

Israel's fundamental confession of faith, found in Deuteronomy 6:4
Term
Shofar
Definition
The ram's horn, sounded 100 times on Rosh Hashanah and again to end Yom Kippur
Term
Succoth
Definition
Feast of Tabernacles, commemorating diving protection of Israel during her wanderings in the wilderness
Term
Synagogue
Definition
Jewish house of worship, often has facilities for religious instruction
Term
Tallit
Definition
Prayer shawel
Term
Talmud
Definition
The Mishnah + Gemara

The foundational writings of the orthodox Jewish life
Term
Tanak
Definition
Name made for the Jewish bible (Christian old testament) based on its three parts:

- Torah
-Nevi'im
-Ketuvim
Term
Tefillin
Definition
Two leather boxes worn on the arm and on the forehead at weekday morning prayers (phylacteries)
Term
Torah
Definition
The Pentetuch

First five books of the Tanak
Term
Yom Kippur
Definition
The Day of Atonement
Term
Abraham
Definition
Initially Abram

From Ur

Hagar gave birth to Ishmael, Sarah the mother of Issac

Blessed that he would be the father of a great people, would be a blessing to many nations, would receive land
Term
Law from Moses
Definition
10 Commandments

613 Laws
Term
The prophets
Definition
People that unpacked the Torah, made hte oral torah in their days
Term
Ultra Orthodox
Definition
Don't want to deal with the modern world

Two groups:

- Mitnagdim (focus on keeping the law)
- Hasidim (focus on love and having a personal relationship with God, as well as keeping the law; mystical rabbis)
Term
Modern Orthodox
Definition
Try to keep all the commandments while still living in the modern world

25%
Term
Conservative Jews
Definition
Most tradition is kept but some is seen as outdated

50%
Term
Reformed Jews
Definition
Rabbi women
Lax on kosher laws
25%
Term
Assimilated
Definition
Jews that have completely joined their respective cultures
Term
Rosh Hashanah festival
Definition
New Year

Falls in September or October

Begins the 10 days of awe (introspection, repentance)

At the end of the 10 days is Yom Kippu
Term
Yom Kippur festival
Definition
Day of Atonement

24 hour fast

No work

Ends with God's goodness and mercy as the central theme

Shofar is blown 100 times to call the Jews to self examination
Term
Succoth festival
Definition
Feast of the tabernacles

5 days after Yom Kippur

Joyful

Celebrates divine protection in the wilderness

Sukkah: a homemade tabernacle
Term
Passover festival
Definition
In the spring

Bitter herbs, four cups of wine, unleavened bread (Matzah)
Term
Breakdown of Jewish Tanak
Definition
TANAK
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WRITTEN TORAH & ORAL TORAH


WRITTEN TORAH (Pentetuch)

ORAL TORAH
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Nevi'im (the prophets)
Ketevim (writings)
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