Term
| The urinary tract above the blader usually shows |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The normal flora of the lower urethra may show |
|
Definition
Lactobacillus, Staphylococcus, Corynebacterium
E. all of the choices are correct |
|
|
Term
| The normal flora of the genital tract of women is |
|
Definition
| E. affected by estrogen levels AND dependent on the activity of Lactobacillus |
|
|
Term
| A disease in which the urinary system is infected from the bloodstream is known as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Leptospirosis is often contracted |
|
Definition
| C. from contaminated animal urine |
|
|
Term
| Pregnant women with bacterial vaginosis are at risk for |
|
Definition
| D. having a premature baby |
|
|
Term
| The genital tract infection characterized by an unpleasent odor and an increase in clue cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Among the major causes of vulvovaginal candidiasis is/are |
|
Definition
| E. intense antibacterial treatment, disruption of normal flora AND the use of oral contraceptives |
|
|
Term
| Staphlococcus aureus is the causative agent of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| B. is due to exotoxins produced by S. aureus |
|
|
Term
| The incubation period of gonorrhea is approximately |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gonococci are parasites of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gonococci selectively attached to certian epithelial cells by |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Untreated gonorreha in males may lead to |
|
Definition
sterility, urinary tract infections, prostactics abscesses, orchitis
E. all of the choices are correct |
|
|
Term
| A frequent complication of untreated gonorrhea in a women is |
|
Definition
| A. pelvic inflammatory disease |
|
|
Term
| The treatment of neonates with drops of erythromycin directly into the eyes is to prevent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following mimics the infection caused by Neisseria gonorrhea? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The disease that results from Chlamydia trachomatis attaching to sperm and then possibly ascending into the fllopian tubes is |
|
Definition
| C. pelvic inflammatory disease |
|
|
Term
| The infection form of Chlamydia trachomatis is a(n) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The causative agent of syphilis is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Treponemapallidum is similar in shape to |
|
Definition
| C. Leptospirainterrorgans |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following manifest itself in three clinical stages? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The presence of a hard chancre in primary syphilis is representive of the body's |
|
Definition
| A. intense inflammtory response |
|
|
Term
| During which stages of syphilis is the patient non-infectious |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the diseases is a gumma formed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| It has been estimated that 99% of the intestinal bacteria are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E. are part of the Archaea AND oxidize hydrogen gas to produce methane |
|
|
Term
| Methanogens often grow in association with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Comparatively greater energy is released when |
|
Definition
| C.nitrate is the final electron acceptor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E. All of the choices are correct |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E. are a dormant form of a bacterium AND are formed by members of medically relevent groups of bacteria |
|
|
Term
| Lactic acid bacteria such as Streptococci |
|
Definition
| B. are obligate fermenters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The lactobacilli, in their role as normal flora of the vagina, help the vagina resist infection by contributing to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following colonize the vagina during childbearing years? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the following contains bacteriochlorophyll? |
|
Definition
| E. Chromatium, Thiospirillum, Thidictyon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E. produces propionic acid AND is responsible for the wholes is swiss cheese |
|
|
Term
| A pacticular characteristic of disease-causing Streptococcus is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Clostridium, Lactobacillus, and Propionibacterium all |
|
Definition
| E. oxidize organic compounds AND use organic compounds as terminal electron acceptors |
|
|
Term
| Which of the following are reffered to as mononuclear phagocytes? |
|
Definition
| D. monocytes and macrophages |
|
|
Term
| The life span of tissue macrophages appears to be in the order of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The leukocyte described as having a small amount of cytoplasm surrounding a round nucleus is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The leukocyte responsible for adaptive immunity is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The "voices" of a cell are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Skin and mucous membranes |
|
Definition
| E. are the first line of innate immunity, act as physical barriers to infection AND contain antimicrobial secretions |
|
|
Term
| Interferons, complement, lysozyme, and lactoferrin are all examples of |
|
Definition
| A. specific antimicrobial factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E. are the organisms that typically reside on your body AND protect against infection by pathogens |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E. may be activated through three pathways, disrupts the cytoplasmic membrane of invading bacteria and foreign cells AND is a group of blood protien |
|
|
Term
| The complement pathway that requires antibodies to be activated is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A group of interacting serum proteins that provide a nonspecific defense mechanism is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The complement pathway that is activated by manna binding lectins is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The complment pathway that is activated by binding of C3bto cell surfaces is the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The key molecule upon which all complement pathways converge is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| C3a and C5a are involved in |
|
Definition
| E. inflamation AND enhancement of phagocytosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The compelx resulting from complement activity that leads to cell lysis is the |
|
Definition
| C. membrane attack complex |
|
|
Term
| The immunoglobulin that is important in hypersensitivity reactions is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T cells and B cells are manufactured in the |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The cells that actually screte antibodies are |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
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