Term
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Definition
| continuous (synarthroses), discontinuous (diathroses) |
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Term
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Definition
1. fribrous (syndesmosis)
2. cartilaginous (synchodrosis) |
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Term
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Definition
| interosseous memb, ligamentum flavum, sutures of the skull, gomphosis |
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Term
|
Definition
primary: hyaline cartilage between bones
secondary: symphysis |
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Term
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Definition
| articular survaces, articular capsule, joint cavity |
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Term
|
Definition
additional features: ligaments, intercalated disks-menisci, articular lip, bursa
restricting rfatures: ligaments, bones, soft tissue
Factors Keeping Cntact between the articular surfaces: muscles, capsular ligaments, surface adhesion, atmospheric pressure |
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Term
| synovial joints: pathology |
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Definition
degenaration of cartilage
ankylosis |
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Term
| classification of synovial joints |
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Definition
axes, degree of freedom, number of articular survaces,
shape:
plane, hinge (ginglymus), pivot (trochoid), ellipsoidal, saddle (sellar), ball and socket
fixed joints (amphiarthrosis) |
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Term
| sternoclavicular joint: synovial |
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Definition
saddle type but acts like ball and socket
3 degrees of freedom
movements: elevation and depression of shoulder, protraction retraction and circumduction |
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Term
| acromioclavicular joint: synovial |
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Definition
plane joint
moves in combination with stemoclavicular joint |
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Term
| shoulder joint: ball and socket joint |
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Definition
between head of humerus and glenoid cavity
hyalne cartilage covering the surface
the cavity is enlarged by an articular tip
no storng ligaments
movements: 3 degrees, multi-axial, abduction, adduction, flexion, extension, lateral and medial rotaton and circumduction
dislocation is common: anterior dislocation: injury to axillary nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
compound joint:
compsed of humeroradial, humeroulnar and proximal radioulnar joints
movements: flexion, extension supination and pronation |
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Term
| ulnar (medial) collateral ligament injury sprain |
|
Definition
| leads to abnormal abduction of the forearm |
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Term
| radial (lateral) collateral ligament injury sprain |
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Definition
| abduction of forearm is disturbed |
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Term
|
Definition
subluxation of the head of the radius
reduction: pressing radial head posteriorly (elbow flexed) then extend and supinate the forearm |
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Term
| elbow joint: humeroradial joint |
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Definition
| ball and socket but doesn't function as so |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| joints between radius and ulna |
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Definition
proximal radioulnar joint (pivot)
distal radioulnar joint (pivot) |
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Term
| carpometacarapal joint of the thumb |
|
Definition
saddle joint
carpometacarpan joints are amphithroses (synovial joints; almost no movement) |
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Term
| metacarphophalangeal joints: synovial |
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Definition
| ball and socket in shape but restricted; passive rotation of 50 degrees might be possible |
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Term
| interphalangeal joints: synovial |
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Definition
hinge joints: coilateral and palmar ligaments
movements: flexion and extension |
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Term
|
Definition
ball and socket type
nn: sciatic nerve, femoral n, obturator n
the joint has 5 ligaments (four of them are extrascapular: ilio-femoral, ischio-femoral, pubo-femoral, orbicular zone, ligament of the head of the femur |
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Term
|
Definition
largest joint supporting body weight
side supporting ligaments: colateral igaments & external ligaments |
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Term
| knee joint ligaments, menisch |
|
Definition
ant cruciate lig: prevents backward sliding of femur, produces medial rotation, locks the knee in extension
post cruciate lig: prevents femur from sliding forward
popliteus menisch: flexes the knee, unlocks the knee and laterally rotates the femur on tibia
meniscofemoral ligaments |
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Term
|
Definition
logitudinal and transverse during partial flexion and lateral rotation mostly
medial meniscus 20 times more than the lateral one |
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Term
|
Definition
unhappy triad
during skiing (caught-edge fall)
in football (clipping) |
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Term
|
Definition
phases of knee extension
1. initial phase: rotation in suprameniscal compartment
2. intermediate phase: femur glides forward in inframeniscal compartment
3. terminal phase (screwed home)
medial rotation, light collateral ligaments, obligatory terminal rotation of about 5 degrees |
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Term
|
Definition
| flexion: during flexion, fibular collateral ligament is completely relaxed as well as medial collateral ligament and both ACL and PCL are taut |
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Term
|
Definition
drawer phenomenon
wobbly joint |
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Term
|
Definition
hinge joint
plantar flexion 25 degrees
dorsiflexion 35 degrees
ligaments: deltoid l
posterior and anterior talofibular and calcaneofibular lig |
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Term
|
Definition
mostly inversion sprains
treatment RICE
rest, ice, compression, elevate |
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Term
| subtalar & talocalcaneonavicular j |
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Definition
ball and socket
rotation
walking on slope mediated by movements over these tarsal joint |
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Term
|
Definition
movements of the foot
rotation occurs over this axis |
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Term
|
Definition
| ball and socket joints but restricted mobility due to collateral ligaments |
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Term
|
Definition
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