Term
| Two Catergories of Joints |
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Definition
- synovial joints
- solid joints
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Term
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Definition
- skeletal elements are seperated by a cavity
- freely movable
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Term
| Synovial Joint Characteristics |
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Definition
- articular cartilage covers ends of bones (hyaline cartilage) to decrease friction
- articular (joint) capsule
- joint cavity (potential)
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Term
| Articular or Joint Capsule Membranes |
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Definition
- inner or synovial membrane is highly vascular, produces synovial fluid
- outer or fibrous membrane is highly innervated
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Term
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Definition
- usually occur between the synovial membrane and fibrous capsule
- work as cuchions
- knee joint and elbow joint
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Term
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Definition
- feature of synovial joint
- usually compsed of fibrocartilage
- found in TMJ, sternoclavicular joint, wrist joint
- improves fit between bones
- increases joint stability
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Term
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Definition
- similar to articular disc
- compsed of fibrocartilage
- Knee Joint
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Term
| Bursae and Tendon Sheaths |
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Definition
- associated with synovial joints
- reduce friction between body elements that move over one another
- contain synovial fluid
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Term
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Definition
- ring of fibrocartilage that runs around the glenoid cavity
- deepens cavity
- only in glenohumeral joint
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Term
| Factors Influencing the Stability of Synovial Joints |
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Definition
- ligaments
- articular surfaces
- muscle tone
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Term
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Definition
- help hold the bones together and prevent excessive and undesirable motions
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Term
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Definition
- helps stabalize joints by keeping tensions on the muscle tendons that cross over joints just external to the joint capsule
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Term
| Synovial Joint Classifications |
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Definition
- plane
- hinge
- saddle
- condyloid
- pivot
- ball and socket
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Term
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Definition
- permit gliding or sliding movements
- acromioclavicular joint
- sacroiliac joint
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Term
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Definition
- Prevent flexion and extension only
- knee and elbow joint, interphalangeal joint
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Term
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Definition
- permit abduction and adduction as well as flexion and extension, circumduction
- carpometacarpal joint at the base of thumb
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Term
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Definition
- permit flexion and extension as well as abduction and adduction, circumduction also possible
- radiocarpal, metacarpophalangeal joint, atlanto-occipital joint
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Term
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Definition
- permit rotation only
- alantoaxial joints and radioulnar joint
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Term
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Definition
- permit all movements
- hip and shoulder joint
- multi-axial
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Term
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Definition
- movement in one plane
- hinge and pivot joints
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