Term
| Two sources of medico-scientific explanations (also fundamental elements of diagnostic understanding embodied in medicines "systematic" classificatory texts) |
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Definition
1. Location of the injury in the body (localization)
2. the nature of a "process" generating injury (process) |
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Term
| Adolf Meyer's Three Ideas |
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Definition
1. "Psychobiology" - study of life at psychological level - supports rational practice of psychiatry
2. mental orders "emerge" from life
3. Psychiatrists "formulate" patients (bottom up) instead of "diagnose" disorders (top down) |
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Term
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Definition
| USA have five times the rate of schizophrenia due to different case definitions |
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Term
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Definition
| 1. went for reliability, however questionable validity |
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Term
| Why was the first DSM written? |
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Definition
| As a result of WWII (PTSD!) |
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Term
| Why was DSM-III better than prior iterations? |
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Definition
-More explicit diagnostic criteria
-Descriptive, atheoretical approach
-multiaxial diagnosis
-more elaborate descriptions of mental disorders
-field trials |
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Term
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Definition
reliability - same answer every time
validity - may not have the RIGHT answer |
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Term
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Definition
-Researchers
-Clinicians communicating with colleagues
-Clinicians who rely upon insurance companies to get paid |
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Term
| DSM-IV: Most diagnoses require: |
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Definition
-disorder to cause impairment to social or occupational/academic functioning
-Not due to effects of a substance or a general medical problem
-Not due to another mental disorder |
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Term
| 5 components of Multiaxial system |
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Definition
Axis 1: Clinical disorders
Axies II: mental retardation, personality disorders
Axis III: General medical conditions
Axis IV: psychosocial and environmental problems
Axis V: global assessment of functioning |
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Term
| Key criteria for schizophrenia in DSM-IV |
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Definition
A: Characteristic symptoms
B: social/occupational dysfunction
C: duration
D: schizoaffective and mood disorder exclusion
E: substance/general medical condition exclusion
F:relationship to a pervasive development disorder |
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Term
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Definition
| how to OBSERVE patients so as to assess them and formulate their difficulties |
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Term
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Definition
| how to INTERACT with patients (and others) so as to guide them |
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Term
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Definition
| how to IDENTIFY patients so as to count them, distinguish them, study their symptoms, and when possible treat them (this epoch is ending) |
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Term
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Definition
-localization explains the signs and many of the symptoms of an illness
-process explains the course of an illness and determines rational treatment |
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Term
| 3 steps in applying "medical reasoning" to psychiatry |
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Definition
1. explain and illustrate localization applied to disorders of the mind
2. identify preocesses that either damage or misdirect these features of mind
3. Tie location and process together so as to identify their intelligible implications for treatment and research |
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Term
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Definition
| mind is EMERGENT property of the brain, instead of product (ie. urine from a kidney) |
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Term
| Four interactive functional "sets" of emergent features |
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Definition
-intrinsic (consciousness, cognition)
-self-differentiating (IQ, temperament)
-teleological (appetite, drive, conditioning)
-extrinsic-experiential (social networks, education) |
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Term
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Definition
| Has - diseases: patient has Is - dimensions: what the patient IS Does - behaviors: What the patient does Encounters - stories: what the patient encounters |
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Term
| traditional elements of classification |
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Definition
-symptoms
-signs
-course over time |
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Term
| essential stages in diagnosis |
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Definition
-observation
-interpretation
-clinical judgement |
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Term
| Conflicting notions of classification |
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Definition
-Symptom complex
-Syndrome
-Type of reaction/Response
-Disorder
-Disease |
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