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Hematology, also spelled haematology, is the branch of medicine concerned with the study, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of diseases related to blood. Hematology includes the study of etiology.
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Pulmonology is a medical speciality that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract. The term is derived from the Latin word pulmō, pulmōnis ("lung") and the Greek -λογία, -logia. Pulmonology is synonymous with pneumology, respirology and respiratory medicine. |
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Cardiology is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the heart. The field includes medical diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart defects, coronary artery disease, heart failure, valvular heart disease and electrophysiology. Physicians who specialize in this field of medicine are called cardiologists, a specialty of internal medicine. |
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the identification of the nature of an illness or other problem by examination of the symptoms: |
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Heart failure, often referred to as congestive heart failure, occurs when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs. Signs and symptoms commonly include shortness of breath, excessive tiredness, and leg swelling. The shortness of breath is usually worse with exercise, while lying down, and may wake the person at night. A limited ability to exercise is also a common feature. Chest pain, including angina, does not typically occur due to heart failure. |
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abbreviation no longer in common usage for emergency room, now referred to as the emergency department. |
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abbreviation for short of breath |
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Abbreviation for complains of. |
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1. Medicine An excessive accumulation of serous fluid in tissue spaces or a body cavity.
2. Botany A condition of plants characterized by blisterlike swellings on the leaves or other parts, caused by an accumulation of water. |
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The JCAHO directs that (nightly) at bedtime be written in full to avoid misreading of this abbreviation as q.h., every hour.
Abbreviation for L. quaque hora somni, every bedtime. |
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(in prescriptions) abbreviation for pro re nata, a Latin phrase meaning "as needed." The administration times are determined by the patient's needs. |
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Abbreviation for per os.
[L. by mouth, that is, orally] |
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Pleural effusion occurs when too much fluid collects in the pleural space (the space between the two layers of the pleura). It is commonly known as "water on the lungs." It is characterized by shortness of breath, chest pain, gastric discomfort (dyspepsia), and cough. |
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Pneumonia is an infection of the lung that can be caused by nearly any class of organism known to cause human infections. These include bacteria, amoebae, viruses, fungi, and parasites. In the United States, pneumonia is the sixth most common disease leading to death; 2 million Americans develop pneumonia each year, and 40,000-70,000 die from it. Pneumonia is also the most common fatal infection acquired by already hospitalized patients. In developing countries, pneumonia ties with diarrhea as the most common cause of death. Even in nonfatal cases, pneumonia is a significant economic burden on the health care system. One study estimates that people in the American workforce who develop pneumonia cost employers five times as much in health care as the average worker.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), however, the number of deaths from pneumonia in the United States has declined slightly since 2001.
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a condition in which there is reduced delivery of oxygen to the tissues; it is not actually a disease but rather a symptom of any of numerous different disorders and other conditions. The World Health Organization has defined anemia as a hemoglobin concentration below 7.5 mmol/L (12 g/dL) in women and below 8.1 mmol/L (13 g/dL) in men |
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The administration of blood, by instillation into a vein, to replace blood lost or to treat a failure of blood production. Before transfusion, the blood group of the recipient must be known and serum from the blood to be transfused is cross-matched with the recipient's blood cells to confirm compatibility. Sometimes the patient's own blood, collected at operation or obtained earlier, is used. |
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electrocardiogram
(ECG, EKG) [e-lek″tro-kahr´de-o-gram″]
the record produced by electrocardiography; a tracing representing the heart's electrical action derived by amplification of the minutely small electrical impulses normally generated by the heart.
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Delirium is a state of mental confusion that develops quickly and usually fluctuates in intensity |
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