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the elevational treatment used in the entrance facade of Grundtvig church is best described as |
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where did this form originate in Denmark? |
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what device is used in the Stockholm City Hall to link it with the adjacent lake? |
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List 2 precedents for Saarinen's final design of the main entry in the Helsinki Railroad Station: |
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Definition
Sullivan's Golden Door Ludwig Houses Grand Portal Arch |
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The Kallio church was designed by |
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describe the elevational treatment saarinen typically used in the towers of his Finnish buildings: |
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the building typically credited with the start of the national romantic movement in scandinavia is: |
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the tampere cathedral was designed by |
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"the arrangement of a vertical force against a contrasting and balancing horizontal volume" best describes the compositional theory employed by |
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the movement in scandinavia at the turn of the century that was a genuine attempt to interpret the indigenous tradition of each of the respective countries is referred to as |
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list two reasons why saarinen preferred to incorporate a vertical element in the massing of his buildings: |
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Definition
anchor in landscape vertical to balance horizontal-contrast |
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the style that evolved in Finland to express and preserve the indigenous culture in the face of increasing pressure by the czar to 'russify' Finland was |
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saarinen's favorite color was |
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the typical saarinen formal composition incorporated a ___________ element to ______________ |
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Definition
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what this the name of the residential compound of Gesellius, Lindgren, and Saarinen? |
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Definition
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'Hvittrask' was the name given to the residential complex of |
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what two structural elements unique to his time did Gaudi employ in many of his buildings? |
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Definition
Parabolic Curve Inclined/slanted columns |
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hector guimard is best known for the design of the |
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Definition
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why did gaudi incline his columns? |
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Definition
to mimic Violet & minimize thrust |
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the other major belgian art nouveau architect besides Horta was |
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Definition
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the trademark formal element of art nouveau was the |
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what theoretician was very influential on the work of Victor Horta? |
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Definition
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Describe Gaudi's technique of structural analysis and design |
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Definition
used wires and weights then reflected the shape vertically to determine the shape of the building |
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the german equivalent of art nouveau was called |
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Definition
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list 3 architectural movements in the 19th century that we have studied this quarter that were manifestations of the rise of nationalism |
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Definition
art nouveau austrian secessionism arts and crafts |
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the paris subway staions were designed by |
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the theoretician who had the greatest influence on the development of art nouveau architecture was |
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gaudi's parton in barcelona was |
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Victor Horta is known for what style of architecture |
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a distinguishing motif of art nouveau was the |
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the arches used by gaudi had a ______________ profile |
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art nouveau architecture originated in what country |
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the architect known for his wire and fishing weight models used to determine the structure of his buildings was |
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what project by Mackintosh exhibited at the secession had a profound influence on these designers |
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the nickname given to the group of 4 designers centered around Mackintosh because of the colors and forms they used was the |
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Margaret McDonald's signature motif was the |
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Definition
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the city that was the center of the german applied arts and the home of the ernt ludwig school of art was |
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Definition
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what influence did glasgow have on Mackintosh's design approach? |
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Definition
center of ship building and luxury liners in Europe: it promoted efficient spatial design and technological integration in Mack's projects |
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the architect of the secession building was |
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Definition
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the winner of the competition for the vienna subway system was |
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Definition
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describe mackintosh's approach to the design of interior spaces |
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Definition
studied function of space then built subspaces around functions and let that influence the exterior |
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Term
compare hoffman's approach in design of surface and volume with that of wright's: |
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Definition
hoffman emphasized the corner while Wright de-emphasized it and wrapped around them |
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Term
what city did Grand Duke Ernt Ludwig try to make into a German "Athens" |
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Definition
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name the firm that joseph hoffman helped to start that produced high quality objects and furnishings for houses: |
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Definition
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who was the father figure of the secessionists |
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the painter who collaborated with Olbrich in the design of the secession building was |
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the secessionists were located in what city |
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Definition
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the two people responsible for the design of the secessionist building were: |
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Definition
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Term
charles rennie Mackintosh had a connection with which continental european art movement |
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Definition
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Term
what two things were necessary to be developed in the late 18th century/early 19th centuries to enable the evolution of modern concrete structures? |
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Definition
1. hydraulic cement 2. reinforced concrete |
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Term
list 3 reasons why larson considers reinforced concrete, and not iron, to have been the material more responsible for the development of modern architecture |
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Definition
1. no precedent 2. no need for joint 3. you can cantilever |
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Term
ernt ransome's concrete framed factories bore a stunning resemblance to those designed at the same time by what french pioneer in concrete? |
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Definition
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the 1st important french contractor of reinforced concrete prior to the Franco-Prussian war was: |
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Definition
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Term
the architect chosen by henry ford to design his factories in detriot was |
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Definition
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Term
what economic advantage did the Hennebique system enjoy in Paris? |
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Definition
develops international system for concrete frame |
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Term
what was the secret of roman cement that was rediscovered in the 19th century? |
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Definition
hydraulic- dries without contact to air |
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Term
the french rationalist tradition, started by soufflot, and best represented by the work of Perret, was a quest to synthesize the ideas of what two historic styles? |
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Definition
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Term
what other theoretician, besides, violet-le-duc influenced the work of Perret? |
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Definition
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Term
what 2 theoreticians influenced the work of Perret? |
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Definition
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Term
The architect responsible for the early use of reinforced concrete structures in the design of the first automobile factories in Detriot was |
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Definition
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Term
the first skyscraper constructed with reinforced concrete frame was the |
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Definition
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Term
the swiss engineer famous for his graceful, shallow arched, three-hinged concrete bridges was |
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Definition
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Term
Portland cement was first invented in which country? |
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Definition
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Term
the demise of terra-cotta fireproofing that led to the universal acceptance of reinforced concrete was a result of |
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Definition
San Fran earthquake in 1906 |
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Term
in which country was the principle of reinforcing concrete first developed? |
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Definition
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Term
what advantage did reinforced concrete enjoy over iron from the viewpoint of structural rationalists? |
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Definition
iron had to be covered b/c it wasn't fireproof |
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Term
which french engineer built an international concrete company after the franco-prussian war? |
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Definition
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Term
What was the name of Tony Garnier's socialist utopian city which employed concrete housing and solar-power? |
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Definition
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what is generally regarded as the first american reinforced concrete building? |
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Definition
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Term
the german architectural theorist who noted the inferior quality of german manufactured goods at the 1851 world's fair was |
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Definition
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Term
what past style did semper champion as being capable of further developement? |
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Definition
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Term
what was the precedent for the brandenburg gate? |
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Definition
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Term
the first theoretician to speculate about the woven qualities of the primitive curtain wall was |
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Definition
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the german artist usually credited as having coined the term 'gesamtkunstwerk' is |
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Definition
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Term
the wasmuth volumes documented the early work of |
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Definition
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Term
the german architectural writer who muthologized the english arts and crafts house at the turn of the century was |
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Definition
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Term
gropius was responsible for what building at the 1914 deutscher werkbund exhibition? |
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Definition
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Term
name two leading designers that were placed in charge of a major german school of design prior to WW1 |
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Definition
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Term
Loo's major criticism of the Deutscher Werkbund was that it |
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Definition
attempted to artistically misrepresent the reality of objects they were trying to improve |
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Term
the deutscher werkbund chose ____________ to design the model factory for its 1914 cologne exhibition. The final design was influenced by what wright building? |
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Definition
Gropius & Meyer Mason City Bank |
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Term
AEG of germany hired __________ to redesign its entire image, production, and buildings |
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Definition
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Term
One of the 3 founders of the deutscher werkbund was |
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Definition
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Das Englische Haus was written by |
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Definition
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Term
what was the primary difference in intention between Kahn-designed factory and the Behrens-designed AEG factory? |
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Definition
AEG was considered a building and piece of art while Kahn was just a building |
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Term
what group was founded to encourage the improvement of machine production in germany? |
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Definition
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behrens was greatly influenced by which philosopher? |
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Definition
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Term
Muthesius used which type of building as the model for germany to emulate in order to improve its building design? |
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Definition
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Term
How can one view the design of the Fagus factory as an inverse of the AEG Turbine factory? |
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Definition
AEG columns outside: Fagus columns inside AEG has corner: Fagus eliminates corner Solid: Void |
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Term
The Fagus Works was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
in what 3 shapes did cezanne say that nature reveals itself? |
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Definition
cylinder, sphere and cone |
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Term
the futurist manifesto was written by |
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Definition
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Term
list two factors which occurred prior to 1860 that influenced the evolution towards abstraction on modern painting |
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Definition
japanese prints technology |
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Term
the primary objective of cubist painting was: |
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Definition
representing different views at the same time |
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Term
what three shapes did cubists painters employ in their paintings? |
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Definition
circles, squares, triangles |
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Term
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Definition
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what is the name given to a group of radical italian designers who were prominent just prior to the start of WW1 |
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Definition
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the futurist movement was centered in |
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Definition
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what was one of the compositional goals of cubist paintings? |
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Definition
different views at the same time |
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Term
concerning the spiritual in art was written by |
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Definition
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Term
the first expressionist glass skyscraper was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
who designed the Weimar government's new research tower for Einstein |
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Definition
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Term
who designed the second Goetheanum |
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Definition
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Term
list 3 buildings at the Werkbund's 1914 Cologne exhibition that represented the 3 main movements in german architecture prior to the start of WW1 |
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Definition
glass pavilion model tower model factory |
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Term
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Definition
an avantguard group of underground expressionalists in germany |
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Term
did Mies extrude the lotlines of the site in both of his glass skyscrapers |
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Definition
No, he understoof the need for reflection |
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Term
The designer of the german glass industry pavilion at the 1914 deutscher werkbund exhibition was: |
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Definition
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Term
give an example of a different german expressionist architect who designed in each of the following materials: glass: brick: dynamism (concrete): |
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Definition
taut van de velde mendelson |
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Term
why was the cathedral viewed as the ideal historic building type for the german expressionists? |
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Definition
total work of art- all disciplines of art working together |
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Term
what was the major building project that focused the energies of german expressionists immediately following the end of WWI |
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Definition
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Term
the chilehaus in hamburg was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
the author of 'glass architecture' was |
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Definition
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Term
the cathedral of socialism was the ultimate goal of what movement? |
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Definition
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Term
the grosses schauspielhaus in berline was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
the architect of the proposed Leningrad Pravada building in moscow was |
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Definition
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Term
the architect of the Rusakov worker's club was |
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Definition
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Term
name two avant-garde art movements which emerged in russia just prior to the urssian revolution and the respective leader of each: |
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Definition
1. suprematist: malevich 2. constructavist: vladimir tatlin |
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Term
name the two avant-garde architecture movement that emerged in russia during the leadership of lenin and an architect from each: |
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Definition
1. rationalism: ladovsky 2. constructavist: tatlin |
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Term
the spiraling design for the proposed monument to the 3rd international was conceived by |
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Definition
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Term
constructivist architecture was primarily a product of this country: |
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Definition
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Term
what was the design school in communist russia that preceded the Bauhaus? |
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Definition
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Term
name a russian suprematist |
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Definition
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Term
"prouns" ideograms with a utopian content, were conceived by |
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Definition
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Term
what is a 'corner counter-relief'? |
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Definition
put a counter relief art piece in the corner= must go/walk around, denying frontality of renaissance tradition |
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Term
what rationalist approach was manifested in Melnikov's design of the 1925 USSR pavilion? |
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Definition
diagonals will make it look bigger conceptually |
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Term
who was the first to make 'architectons'? |
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Definition
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Term
the leningrad paravda building for moscow was a project designed by |
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Definition
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Term
the competition devised by the soviets as a response to the chicago tribune building competition was: |
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Definition
palace of labor competition |
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Term
describe three details in the vesnin's palace of labor that identify as a constructivist building: |
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Definition
radial masts exposed mechanical rigging |
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Term
who was the architect invited by gropius to give the keynote speech at the bauhaus week of 1923? |
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Definition
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Term
name two abstract painters who played a major role in the aesthetic change in the bauhaus curriculum: |
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Definition
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Term
what typeface/font was used in bauhaus publications after the arrival of moholy-nagy? |
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Definition
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Term
what 2 avant-garde artists were credited by larson as being somewhat responsible for the change int its teaching ideology/pedogogy from expressionism to abstract formalism |
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Definition
Mondrien and Van Doesburg |
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Term
van doesburg's term for the new way he composed space as a continous, but non-linear flow of space was |
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Definition
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Term
Towards a plastic architecture was written by |
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Definition
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Term
what was the difference in how wright approached the design of his interiors and how van doesburg designed his interiors? |
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Definition
Wright- arranged continuous flow
van Doesburg- lacked understanding of space |
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Term
neo-plasticism is a term associated with what movemtn? |
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Definition
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Term
the de stijl movement received much of its initial impetus from the non-objective paintings by: |
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Definition
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Term
describe the spatial sequence implied in the paintings by van doesburg |
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Definition
one continual space/ continous/ free-flowing |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
the red-blue chair was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
the schroder house was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
describe the changes made in the first-year design at the bauhaus made when maholy-nagy replaced Itten as the teacher |
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Definition
expressionist to mechanist style |
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Term
what does larson credit for the eventual appearance of columns in the barcelona pavilion? |
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Definition
The influence of Nietschze, reality (planes) juxtaposed lies (columns) |
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Term
what was the major design difference between mies' concrete and brick country house projects? |
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Definition
brick country house did not have any 4 corner rooms |
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Term
the german term used by german designers after WW1 who relied solely on realism and functionalism to describe their work was |
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Definition
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Term
the objective of the vorkurs (foundation course) at the bauhaus was |
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Definition
to get everyone on the same level of basic skills |
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Term
the german term that describes the spirit of Mie's Concrete Office Building of 1923 was |
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Definition
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Term
What architectural theortician was responsible for the shift in design theory away from Expressionism at the Weimar Bauhas? |
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Definition
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Term
Sketch the entry sequence for the German State Pavilion at the 1929 barcelona fair: |
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Definition
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Term
Marcel Breuer is best known for the design of the ____________ chair while working at the Bahaus |
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Definition
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Term
The 'Wassily' chair was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
List three important design ideas Mies employed in the Barcelona Pavilion |
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Definition
created reflections free-standing walls non-axial paths |
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Term
The Dutch architect known for his sachlich housing projects was |
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Definition
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Term
who was the leading theoretician of the De Stijl movement? |
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Definition
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Term
The architect in overall charge of planning the 1927 Weissenhof Siedlung was |
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Definition
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Term
What was the major building type that brought the international style to the forefront of german design in the 1920s |
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Definition
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Term
the 'barcelona chair' was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
when walter gropius assembled his faculty for the bauhaus school, he drew many of them from which field of expertise? |
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Definition
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Term
who was the director of the trade/design school in weimar when its name was changed to the Staatliches Bauhaus |
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Definition
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Term
sketch the elevation of the barcelona chair |
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Definition
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Term
the event most responsible for the philosophical switch at the bauhaus from expressionism to "the new architecture" was |
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Definition
The Vkhutemas exposition in Berline |
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Term
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Definition
used by german designers after WWI who relied solely on realism and functionalism to describe their work |
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Term
describe Mies' spatial order in his designs of 1923-1929 |
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Definition
can't interrupt space-time |
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Term
The Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg Monument was designed by |
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Definition
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Term
The first building designed by Corbusier that incorporated pilotis was: |
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Definition
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Term
the original purpose of the Dom-ino system was to |
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Definition
reconstruct buildings after WW1 |
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Term
what was the elevational design advantage of the Dom-ino system? was this the 1st realization of this advantage? |
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Definition
the structure was not on the exterior so you could do what you wanted with the elevations |
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Term
why did le corbusier use ramps in the interiors of his early houses? |
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Definition
no breaks from one space to another |
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Term
list 2 influences on corbusier's interest in the two-story living space: |
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Definition
parisian artist's studio parisian restaurant |
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Term
'a machine for living in' is a concept associated with the work of |
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Definition
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Term
what 3 major architectural figures worked in Peter Behrens' office? |
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Definition
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Term
List Corbusier's five points of a new architecture |
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Definition
free plan free facade ribbon window pilotis roof garden |
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Term
le corbusier used this term to describe the spatial sequence in his buildings: |
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Definition
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Term
le corbusier worked for what two major european figures pre-WWI europe which had a marked influence on his career |
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Definition
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Term
the golden section as an ordering system best represented in the work of what architet we studied this period? |
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Definition
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Term
what was the term le corbusier and ozenfant chose for their painting style, which was a conscious rejection of much of what cubism represented |
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Definition
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Term
towards an architecture was written by |
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Definition
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Term
sketch the car approach to the ground floor of the villa savoye |
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Definition
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Term
draw le corbusier's four composition and name the building which is an exmample of each |
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Definition
formal function: maison la roche platonic cube: villa stein platonic domino: villa baizau platonic form & promenade: villa savoye |
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