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jerry's ridiculous 2nd test
too much knowledge for my brain
179
Architecture
Undergraduate 3
07/02/2012

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Term
the elevational treatment used in the entrance facade of Grundtvig church is best described as
Definition
stepped gable
Term
where did this form originate in Denmark?
Definition
Copenhagen
Term
what device is used in the Stockholm City Hall to link it with the adjacent lake?
Definition
open arcades/colonnades
Term
List 2 precedents for Saarinen's final design of the main entry in the Helsinki Railroad Station:
Definition
Sullivan's Golden Door
Ludwig Houses Grand Portal Arch
Term
The Kallio church was designed by
Definition
Sonck
Term
describe the elevational treatment saarinen typically used in the towers of his Finnish buildings:
Definition
bookend
Term
the building typically credited with the start of the national romantic movement in scandinavia is:
Definition
copenhagen city hall
Term
the tampere cathedral was designed by
Definition
Sonck
Term
"the arrangement of a vertical force against a contrasting and balancing horizontal volume" best describes the compositional theory employed by
Definition
Saarinen
Term
the movement in scandinavia at the turn of the century that was a genuine attempt to interpret the indigenous tradition of each of the respective countries is referred to as
Definition
national romantic
Term
list two reasons why saarinen preferred to incorporate a vertical element in the massing of his buildings:
Definition
anchor in landscape
vertical to balance horizontal-contrast
Term
the style that evolved in Finland to express and preserve the indigenous culture in the face of increasing pressure by the czar to 'russify' Finland was
Definition
national romantic
Term
saarinen's favorite color was
Definition
green
Term
the typical saarinen formal composition incorporated a ___________ element to ______________
Definition
vertical
anchor
Term
what this the name of the residential compound of Gesellius, Lindgren, and Saarinen?
Definition
Hvittrask
Term
'Hvittrask' was the name given to the residential complex of
Definition
GLS
Term
what two structural elements unique to his time did Gaudi employ in many of his buildings?
Definition
Parabolic Curve
Inclined/slanted columns
Term
hector guimard is best known for the design of the
Definition
Paris Subway Stations
Term
why did gaudi incline his columns?
Definition
to mimic Violet & minimize thrust
Term
the other major belgian art nouveau architect besides Horta was
Definition
Henry Van de Velde
Term
the trademark formal element of art nouveau was the
Definition
whiplash curve/ line
Term
what theoretician was very influential on the work of Victor Horta?
Definition
Violet-le-Duc
Term
Describe Gaudi's technique of structural analysis and design
Definition
used wires and weights then reflected the shape vertically to determine the shape of the building
Term
the german equivalent of art nouveau was called
Definition
Jugendstill
Term
list 3 architectural movements in the 19th century that we have studied this quarter that were manifestations of the rise of nationalism
Definition
art nouveau
austrian secessionism
arts and crafts
Term
the paris subway staions were designed by
Definition
Guimard
Term
the theoretician who had the greatest influence on the development of art nouveau architecture was
Definition
violet-le-duc
Term
gaudi's parton in barcelona was
Definition
Guell
Term
Victor Horta is known for what style of architecture
Definition
Art Nouveau
Term
a distinguishing motif of art nouveau was the
Definition
whiplash curve/line
Term
the arches used by gaudi had a ______________ profile
Definition
parabolic
Term
art nouveau architecture originated in what country
Definition
belgium
Term
the architect known for his wire and fishing weight models used to determine the structure of his buildings was
Definition
Gaudi
Term
what project by Mackintosh exhibited at the secession had a profound influence on these designers
Definition
House for an Art Lover
Term
the nickname given to the group of 4 designers centered around Mackintosh because of the colors and forms they used was the
Definition
Spook School
Term
Margaret McDonald's signature motif was the
Definition
rosebud
Term
the city that was the center of the german applied arts and the home of the ernt ludwig school of art was
Definition
Darmstadt
Term
what influence did glasgow have on Mackintosh's design approach?
Definition
center of ship building and luxury liners in Europe: it promoted efficient spatial design and technological integration in Mack's projects
Term
the architect of the secession building was
Definition
Olbrich
Term
the winner of the competition for the vienna subway system was
Definition
Wagner
Term
describe mackintosh's approach to the design of interior spaces
Definition
studied function of space then built subspaces around functions and let that influence the exterior
Term
compare hoffman's approach in design of surface and volume with that of wright's:
Definition
hoffman emphasized the corner while Wright de-emphasized it and wrapped around them
Term
what city did Grand Duke Ernt Ludwig try to make into a German "Athens"
Definition
Darmstadt
Term
name the firm that joseph hoffman helped to start that produced high quality objects and furnishings for houses:
Definition
Werkstatte
Term
who was the father figure of the secessionists
Definition
Wagner
Term
the painter who collaborated with Olbrich in the design of the secession building was
Definition
Klimt
Term
the secessionists were located in what city
Definition
Vienna
Term
the two people responsible for the design of the secessionist building were:
Definition
olbrich and klimt
Term
charles rennie Mackintosh had a connection with which continental european art movement
Definition
secessionalism
Term
what two things were necessary to be developed in the late 18th century/early 19th centuries to enable the evolution of modern concrete structures?
Definition
1. hydraulic cement
2. reinforced concrete
Term
list 3 reasons why larson considers reinforced concrete, and not iron, to have been the material more responsible for the development of modern architecture
Definition
1. no precedent
2. no need for joint
3. you can cantilever
Term
ernt ransome's concrete framed factories bore a stunning resemblance to those designed at the same time by what french pioneer in concrete?
Definition
coignet
Term
the 1st important french contractor of reinforced concrete prior to the Franco-Prussian war was:
Definition
coignet
Term
the architect chosen by henry ford to design his factories in detriot was
Definition
Albert Kahn
Term
what economic advantage did the Hennebique system enjoy in Paris?
Definition
develops international system for concrete frame
Term
what was the secret of roman cement that was rediscovered in the 19th century?
Definition
hydraulic- dries without contact to air
Term
the french rationalist tradition, started by soufflot, and best represented by the work of Perret, was a quest to synthesize the ideas of what two historic styles?
Definition
gothic
classical
Term
what other theoretician, besides, violet-le-duc influenced the work of Perret?
Definition
Choisy
Term
what 2 theoreticians influenced the work of Perret?
Definition
Violet-le-Duc
Soufflot
Term
The architect responsible for the early use of reinforced concrete structures in the design of the first automobile factories in Detriot was
Definition
Albert Kahn
Term
the first skyscraper constructed with reinforced concrete frame was the
Definition
Ingals Building
Term
the swiss engineer famous for his graceful, shallow arched, three-hinged concrete bridges was
Definition
Maillart
Term
Portland cement was first invented in which country?
Definition
England
Term
the demise of terra-cotta fireproofing that led to the universal acceptance of reinforced concrete was a result of
Definition
San Fran earthquake in 1906
Term
in which country was the principle of reinforcing concrete first developed?
Definition
France
Term
what advantage did reinforced concrete enjoy over iron from the viewpoint of structural rationalists?
Definition
iron had to be covered b/c it wasn't fireproof
Term
which french engineer built an international concrete company after the franco-prussian war?
Definition
Perret
Term
What was the name of Tony Garnier's socialist utopian city which employed concrete housing and solar-power?
Definition
cite industrielle
Term
what is generally regarded as the first american reinforced concrete building?
Definition
Ingals Building
Term
the german architectural theorist who noted the inferior quality of german manufactured goods at the 1851 world's fair was
Definition
semper
Term
what past style did semper champion as being capable of further developement?
Definition
romanesque
Term
what was the precedent for the brandenburg gate?
Definition
athenian propylea
Term
the first theoretician to speculate about the woven qualities of the primitive curtain wall was
Definition
semper
Term
the german artist usually credited as having coined the term 'gesamtkunstwerk' is
Definition
richard wagner
Term
the wasmuth volumes documented the early work of
Definition
FLW
Term
the german architectural writer who muthologized the english arts and crafts house at the turn of the century was
Definition
Muthesius
Term
gropius was responsible for what building at the 1914 deutscher werkbund exhibition?
Definition
Model Factory
Term
name two leading designers that were placed in charge of a major german school of design prior to WW1
Definition
Muthesius
Behrens
Term
Loo's major criticism of the Deutscher Werkbund was that it
Definition
attempted to artistically misrepresent the reality of objects they were trying to improve
Term
the deutscher werkbund chose ____________ to design the model factory for its 1914 cologne exhibition. The final design was influenced by what wright building?
Definition
Gropius & Meyer
Mason City Bank
Term
AEG of germany hired __________ to redesign its entire image, production, and buildings
Definition
Behrens
Term
One of the 3 founders of the deutscher werkbund was
Definition
Muthesius
Term
Das Englische Haus was written by
Definition
Muthesius
Term
what was the primary difference in intention between Kahn-designed factory and the Behrens-designed AEG factory?
Definition
AEG was considered a building and piece of art while Kahn was just a building
Term
what group was founded to encourage the improvement of machine production in germany?
Definition
Deutscher Werkbund
Term
behrens was greatly influenced by which philosopher?
Definition
Nieschtiz
Term
Muthesius used which type of building as the model for germany to emulate in order to improve its building design?
Definition
Arts and crafts house
Term
How can one view the design of the Fagus factory as an inverse of the AEG Turbine factory?
Definition
AEG columns outside: Fagus columns inside
AEG has corner: Fagus eliminates corner
Solid: Void
Term
The Fagus Works was designed by
Definition
Walter Gropius
Term
in what 3 shapes did cezanne say that nature reveals itself?
Definition
cylinder, sphere and cone
Term
the futurist manifesto was written by
Definition
Filippo Marinetti
Term
list two factors which occurred prior to 1860 that influenced the evolution towards abstraction on modern painting
Definition
japanese prints
technology
Term
the primary objective of cubist painting was:
Definition
representing different views at the same time
Term
what three shapes did cubists painters employ in their paintings?
Definition
circles, squares, triangles
Term
name a cubist painter
Definition
picasso
Term
what is the name given to a group of radical italian designers who were prominent just prior to the start of WW1
Definition
futurists
Term
the futurist movement was centered in
Definition
Italy
Term
what was one of the compositional goals of cubist paintings?
Definition
different views at the same time
Term
concerning the spiritual in art was written by
Definition
Kandinsky
Term
the first expressionist glass skyscraper was designed by
Definition
Van der Rohe
Term
who designed the Weimar government's new research tower for Einstein
Definition
Mendelson
Term
who designed the second Goetheanum
Definition
Steiner
Term
list 3 buildings at the Werkbund's 1914 Cologne exhibition that represented the 3 main movements in german architecture prior to the start of WW1
Definition
glass pavilion
model tower
model factory
Term
what the crystal chain
Definition
an avantguard group of underground expressionalists in germany
Term
did Mies extrude the lotlines of the site in both of his glass skyscrapers
Definition
No, he understoof the need for reflection
Term
The designer of the german glass industry pavilion at the 1914 deutscher werkbund exhibition was:
Definition
Taut
Term
give an example of a different german expressionist architect who designed in each of the following materials:
glass:
brick:
dynamism (concrete):
Definition
taut
van de velde
mendelson
Term
why was the cathedral viewed as the ideal historic building type for the german expressionists?
Definition
total work of art- all disciplines of art working together
Term
what was the major building project that focused the energies of german expressionists immediately following the end of WWI
Definition
Grosses Schaopielhaus
Term
the chilehaus in hamburg was designed by
Definition
Hoger
Term
the author of 'glass architecture' was
Definition
Scheerbart
Term
the cathedral of socialism was the ultimate goal of what movement?
Definition
german expressionist
Term
the grosses schauspielhaus in berline was designed by
Definition
poelzig
Term
the architect of the proposed Leningrad Pravada building in moscow was
Definition
Vesnin Brothers
Term
the architect of the Rusakov worker's club was
Definition
Melnikov
Term
name two avant-garde art movements which emerged in russia just prior to the urssian revolution and the respective leader of each:
Definition
1. suprematist: malevich
2. constructavist: vladimir tatlin
Term
name the two avant-garde architecture movement that emerged in russia during the leadership of lenin and an architect from each:
Definition
1. rationalism: ladovsky
2. constructavist: tatlin
Term
the spiraling design for the proposed monument to the 3rd international was conceived by
Definition
tatlin
Term
constructivist architecture was primarily a product of this country:
Definition
russia
Term
what was the design school in communist russia that preceded the Bauhaus?
Definition
vkhutemas "vk"
Term
name a russian suprematist
Definition
malevich
Term
"prouns" ideograms with a utopian content, were conceived by
Definition
Lissitzky
Term
what is a 'corner counter-relief'?
Definition
put a counter relief art piece in the corner= must go/walk around, denying frontality of renaissance tradition
Term
what rationalist approach was manifested in Melnikov's design of the 1925 USSR pavilion?
Definition
diagonals will make it look bigger conceptually
Term
who was the first to make 'architectons'?
Definition
malevich
Term
the leningrad paravda building for moscow was a project designed by
Definition
vesnin brothers
Term
the competition devised by the soviets as a response to the chicago tribune building competition was:
Definition
palace of labor competition
Term
describe three details in the vesnin's palace of labor that identify as a constructivist building:
Definition
radial masts
exposed mechanical
rigging
Term
who was the architect invited by gropius to give the keynote speech at the bauhaus week of 1923?
Definition
J.J.P. Oud
Term
name two abstract painters who played a major role in the aesthetic change in the bauhaus curriculum:
Definition
Term
what typeface/font was used in bauhaus publications after the arrival of moholy-nagy?
Definition
sans sariff
Term
what 2 avant-garde artists were credited by larson as being somewhat responsible for the change int its teaching ideology/pedogogy from expressionism to abstract formalism
Definition
Mondrien and Van Doesburg
Term
van doesburg's term for the new way he composed space as a continous, but non-linear flow of space was
Definition
Neo-plasticism
Term
Towards a plastic architecture was written by
Definition
Theo can doesburg
Term
what was the difference in how wright approached the design of his interiors and how van doesburg designed his interiors?
Definition
Wright- arranged continuous flow

van Doesburg- lacked understanding of space
Term
neo-plasticism is a term associated with what movemtn?
Definition
de stijl
Term
the de stijl movement received much of its initial impetus from the non-objective paintings by:
Definition
mondrian
Term
describe the spatial sequence implied in the paintings by van doesburg
Definition
one continual space/ continous/ free-flowing
Term
name a de stijl painter
Definition
Van doesburg
Term
the red-blue chair was designed by
Definition
gerret rietveld
Term
the schroder house was designed by
Definition
gerret rietveld
Term
describe the changes made in the first-year design at the bauhaus made when maholy-nagy replaced Itten as the teacher
Definition
expressionist to mechanist style
Term
what does larson credit for the eventual appearance of columns in the barcelona pavilion?
Definition
The influence of Nietschze, reality (planes) juxtaposed lies (columns)
Term
what was the major design difference between mies' concrete and brick country house projects?
Definition
brick country house did not have any 4 corner rooms
Term
the german term used by german designers after WW1 who relied solely on realism and functionalism to describe their work was
Definition
Neue Sachlichkeit
Term
the objective of the vorkurs (foundation course) at the bauhaus was
Definition
to get everyone on the same level of basic skills
Term
the german term that describes the spirit of Mie's Concrete Office Building of 1923 was
Definition
tabula rasa
Term
What architectural theortician was responsible for the shift in design theory away from Expressionism at the Weimar Bauhas?
Definition
Maholy-Nagy
Term
Sketch the entry sequence for the German State Pavilion at the 1929 barcelona fair:
Definition
Term
Marcel Breuer is best known for the design of the ____________ chair while working at the Bahaus
Definition
Wassily
Term
The 'Wassily' chair was designed by
Definition
Marcel Breuer
Term
List three important design ideas Mies employed in the Barcelona Pavilion
Definition
created reflections
free-standing walls
non-axial paths
Term
The Dutch architect known for his sachlich housing projects was
Definition
Oud
Term
who was the leading theoretician of the De Stijl movement?
Definition
Van Doesburg
Term
The architect in overall charge of planning the 1927 Weissenhof Siedlung was
Definition
Term
What was the major building type that brought the international style to the forefront of german design in the 1920s
Definition
apartments
Term
the 'barcelona chair' was designed by
Definition
mies
Term
when walter gropius assembled his faculty for the bauhaus school, he drew many of them from which field of expertise?
Definition
painting
Term
who was the director of the trade/design school in weimar when its name was changed to the Staatliches Bauhaus
Definition
Gropius
Term
sketch the elevation of the barcelona chair
Definition
Term
the event most responsible for the philosophical switch at the bauhaus from expressionism to "the new architecture" was
Definition
The Vkhutemas exposition in Berline
Term
define neue sachlichkeit
Definition
used by german designers after WWI who relied solely on realism and functionalism to describe their work
Term
describe Mies' spatial order in his designs of 1923-1929
Definition
can't interrupt space-time
Term
The Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg Monument was designed by
Definition
Mies van de Rohe
Term
The first building designed by Corbusier that incorporated pilotis was:
Definition
Villa Savoye
Term
the original purpose of the Dom-ino system was to
Definition
reconstruct buildings after WW1
Term
what was the elevational design advantage of the Dom-ino system? was this the 1st realization of this advantage?
Definition
the structure was not on the exterior so you could do what you wanted with the elevations
Term
why did le corbusier use ramps in the interiors of his early houses?
Definition
no breaks from one space to another
Term
list 2 influences on corbusier's interest in the two-story living space:
Definition
parisian artist's studio
parisian restaurant
Term
'a machine for living in' is a concept associated with the work of
Definition
le corbusier
Term
what 3 major architectural figures worked in Peter Behrens' office?
Definition
le corbusier
mies
gropius
Term
List Corbusier's five points of a new architecture
Definition
free plan
free facade
ribbon window
pilotis
roof garden
Term
le corbusier used this term to describe the spatial sequence in his buildings:
Definition
architectural promenade
Term
le corbusier worked for what two major european figures pre-WWI europe which had a marked influence on his career
Definition
perret
behrens
Term
the golden section as an ordering system best represented in the work of what architet we studied this period?
Definition
le corbusier
Term
what was the term le corbusier and ozenfant chose for their painting style, which was a conscious rejection of much of what cubism represented
Definition
purism
Term
towards an architecture was written by
Definition
le corbusier
Term
sketch the car approach to the ground floor of the villa savoye
Definition
drive under house
Term
draw le corbusier's four composition and name the building which is an exmample of each
Definition
formal function: maison la roche
platonic cube: villa stein
platonic domino: villa baizau
platonic form & promenade: villa savoye
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