Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Jerry Larson- History of Architecture Exam 1
Jerry Larson- History of Architecture Exam 1
37
Architecture
Undergraduate 1
03/12/2012

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Describe the stuctural difference between a Roman and Byzantine dome
Definition

Byzantine: had floating domes and used pendentives

Roman: had a flat dome on top of a drum and a rotunda with vertical supports

Term
Byzantine architecture can be credited with in invention of what two new structural techniques?
Definition

1. Flying buttress

2. Pendentives

Term
Describe the difference between a Roman space and a Byzantine space
Definition

Roman: arregration of structural unit on teh inside, smaller modulus

Byzantine: space is enlarged, load taking to sides, less articulation, more comples

Term
What is the role of a pendetive?
Definition
A pendentive makes the transition from a round dome to a square base
Term
Why did Byzantine churches employ gold leaf mosaics in their interiors?
Definition
The Bible describes heaven as being laid with gold
Term
Describe the difference between a Byzantine church's exterior and its interior.  What was teh reason for this difference?
Definition
The exterior is made of stone which represents earthly life.  The interior is highly ornamented because it represents heavenly life
Term
Constantine built his new capital at _______________
Definition
Constantinople
Term
Compare the Basilica Ulpia to the design of old St.Peter's Church
Definition
Term
The primary difference between the design  of the exterior of a Roman temple and that of a Byzantine church was:
Definition
Term
The primary difference between the design of the interior of  a Roman bath and that of a Byzantine church was:
Definition
Term
Which space has the larger dimension: the Pantheon of Hagia Sophia?
Definition
The Pantheon
Term
Why were Moslem architects able to build high profile domes while Byzantine builders were not? 
Definition
Term
Early Moslem architecture can be credited with what three architectural innovations?
Definition

1. high profile dome

2. pointed arch

3. squinch

Term
What is a squinch?
Definition
corbelling of bricks that goes from octagonal shape to a dome shape, filling in the upper angles of a square room to form a proper base
Term
To span teh space between a circular dome and a square bay, Moslem architects typically used a series of arches built upon one another.  This device is known as a __________
Definition
squinch
Term
To what city and country was teh papacy moved to from Rome during what was known as the "Babylonian captivity"?
Definition
Avignon, France
Term
Who is credited as being the "Father of the Renaissance?"
Definition
Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch)
Term
Who coined the term "gothic" as a pejorative description of everything made in teh land north of the Alps?
Definition
Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch)
Term
Who were the Ghibellines and the Guelfs?
Definition
The Ghibellines were Germans who were pro- Holy Roman Empire.  The Guelfs were Italains who were pro-Pope.
Term
Explain how Florence benefitted from the "Babylonian captivity"
Definition
they were the furthest south so they gained more political power because the pope wasn't down there anymore
Term
Explain how the final appearance of the Florence cathedral is a manifestation of the battle between the Ghibellines and the Guelfs in Florence
Definition
The "northern" pointed arch was representative of the Ghibellines and later renovations on the building began to sprout "Italian" round arches
Term
Who won the competition for the design of the doors of the Florence Baptistry
Definition
Lorenzo Ghilberti
Term
Who won the competition for the design of the dome for the Florence cathedral?
Definition
Filippo Brunelleschi
Term
What is the significant difference in the final plan of the Florence Cathedral from teh typical plan of a Gothic church?
Definition
The altar was under the large dome whereas the altar is usually on either end of the nave
Term
What was the Roman solution to the thrust of a dome's haunches?
Definition
ballest rings/steps
Term
Compare the scale of the Florence dome to the Pantheon, Hagia Sophia, and Beauvais Cathedral
Definition
the Florence dome could fit any of these inside of it.  It was like putting the Pantheon on top of the Beauvais Cathedral.
Term
List three advantages gained in the Florence Cathedral by giving the dome a quinto acuto profile
Definition

1. you don't need to use scaffolding which cut down on the cost of centering the dome

2. the pointed arch is taller which allows for a larger dome

3. there is less thrust so you don't need to use buttresses

Term
Who developed the first treatise on perspective?
Definition
Brunelleschi
Term
The only Classical treatise on architecture recovered during the Renaissance was written by: 
Definition
Vitruvius
Term
What architectural theorist published the first edition of Vitruvius?
Definition
Leone Battista Alberti
Term
If you remember nothing else from Vitruvius, you must know these three words that are etched in architectural history:
Definition
commodity, firmness, and delight
Term
What is considered to be the start of the Counter-Reformation?
Definition
The discovery of America
Term
What three requirements did the Council of Trent establish for Counter-Reformation art?
Definition

1. clarity

2. realistic interpretation

3. emotional stimulus to piety

Term
The first scientist to investigate the structural properties of materials was:
Definition
Galleo Gallilei
Term
Is Baroque architecture Classical?
Definition
no, because there are three dimensions instead of only two
Term
The founder of English empiricism was:
Definition
Francis Bacon
Supporting users have an ad free experience!