Term
| MARBURY v. MADISON (1803) |
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Definition
A few days before Thomas Jefferson’s inauguration, outgoing president John Adams appointed William Marbury to be a justice of the peace. But the commission was not delivered to Marbury. Later, Jefferson’s new secretary of state,James
Madison, refused to give Marbury the commission. Marbury asked the Supreme Court to force Madison to give him his commission. The court ruled that Madison didnt have to give the commision to Marburg.
Historical Significance:
The decision strengthened the Supreme Court by establishing the principle of judicial review—the ability of the Supreme Court to declare a law, in this case an act of Congress, unconstitutional. |
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Term
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Definition
1803, Napoleon had abandoned his ideas of an American empire
and offered to sell the Louisiana Territory to the United States. Jefferson doubted whether the Constitution gave him the power to make such a purchase, but he decided to proceed. At a price of $15 million, the Louisiana Purchase more than doubled the size of the United States.
Historical Significance:
Under the direction of President
Jefferson, Meriwether Lewis and William Clark organized and led a group, including
Patrick Gass, and set off in 1804 to explore the new territory. The explorers
brought back valuable information about the West and showed that transcontinental travel was possible.
This told the president that it was possible for the US to expand and move even further into the west and conquer more land. |
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Term
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Definition
President Monroe warned
all European powers not to interfere with affairs in the Western
Hemisphere. They should not attempt to create new colonies, he said,
or try to overthrow the newly independent republics in the hemisphere.
The United States would consider such action “dangerous to
our peace and safety.” At the same time, the United States would
not involve itself in European affairs or interfere with existing
colonies in the Western Hemisphere.
Historical Significance:
The doctrine became a foundation for future American policy and represented an important step onto the world stage by the assertive young nation. At home however, sectional differences soon challenged national unity, requiring strong patriotic sentiments and strong leaders like Andrew Jackson to hold the nation together. |
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Term
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Definition
Under these agreements, Maine was admitted as a free state and Missouri as a slave state. The rest of the Louisiana Territory was split into two parts. The dividing line was set at 36°30´ north latitude. South of the line, slavery was legal. North of the line—except in Missouri—slavery was banned.
Historical Significance: is that the country was divided for the first time and it would later be important when the civil war came around. |
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Term
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Definition
• establishing a protective tariff
• rechartering the national bank
• sponsoring the development of transportation
systems and other internal improvements in order
to make travel throughout the nation easier.
These were promoted by Madison and Clay.
Historical Significance:
this made a universal money system in the US at the time and it allowed the US to tax the eurapeon imports. |
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Term
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Definition
In 1830 Congress, with the support of Jackson, passed the Indian Removal Act. Under this law, the federal government provided funds to negotiate treaties that would force the Native Americans to move west. Many of the tribes signed removal treaties. However, the Cherokee Nation refused and fought the government in the courts.
Historical Significance:
this just showed how evil we really were at this time |
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