Term
| cervical dilation in latent phase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how many stages of labor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cervical dilation during active phase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rupture of amniotic membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1st stage- latent stage, active phase, transition
2nd stage
3rd stage
4th stage |
|
|
Term
| cervical dilation in transition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Braxton hicks
-decrease with hydration and walking |
|
|
Term
| excretion of water causes |
|
Definition
maternal dehydration
-elevated temp after labor during the first 24 hours |
|
|
Term
decrease in fetal heart rate
early decelerations |
|
Definition
| FHR slows with start of contraction with return to baseline at end of contraction |
|
|
Term
decrease in fetal heart rate
late decelerations |
|
Definition
| slowing of FHR after contraction has started with return of FHR to baseline after contraction has ended |
|
|
Term
decrease in fetal heart rate
variable decelerations |
|
Definition
| transitory, abrupt slowing of FHR <100 beats/min |
|
|
Term
| How is true labor discriminated from false labor? |
|
Definition
True labor: regular, rhythmic contractions that intensify with ambulation, pain in the abdomen sweeping around from the back and cervical changes!
False Labor: Irregular rhythm, abdominal pain(not in back)that decreases with ambulation |
|
|
Term
| List 5 prodromal signs of labor |
|
Definition
| lightening, brazton hicks, increased bloody show, loss of mucous, burst of energy, and nesting behaviors |
|
|
Term
| state 2 ways to determine whether the membranes have truly ruptured |
|
Definition
| nitrazine testing- paper turns dark blue or black- demonstration of fluid under microscope |
|
|
Term
| identify 2 reasons to withhold anesthesia and analgesia until the midactive phase of stage 1 labor |
|
Definition
| if given too early they can retard labor, if given too late, they can cause fetal distress |
|
|
Term
| maternal changes that characterize the transition phase of labor |
|
Definition
| irritability and unwillingness to be touched, but does not want to be left alone, nausea, vomiting and hiccuping |
|
|
Term
| when should alaboring client be examined vaginally |
|
Definition
| vaginal exams should be done prior to analgesia and anesthesia and rule out cord prolapse to determine labor progress if it is questioned, and to determine when pushing can begin |
|
|
Term
| define cervical effacement |
|
Definition
| the taking up of the lower cervical segment into the upper segment, the shorteneing of the cervix expressed in percentages from 0 to 100% to complete effacement |
|
|
Term
| normal fetal HR during labor is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Normal Maternal BP during labor is?
Normale maternal pulse during labor is?
Normal Maternal Temperature during labor is? |
|
Definition
| less than 140/90; less than 100 bpm; less than 100.4*F |
|
|
Term
| List four nursing actions for the second stage of labor |
|
Definition
| Make sure cervix is completely dilated before pushing is allowed. Assess FHR with each contraction. Teach woman to hold breath for no longer than 10 secs. Teach pushing Technique. |
|
|
Term
| List three signs of placental separation |
|
Definition
| Gush of blood, lengthening of cord, and Globular shape of uterus |
|
|
Term
| When should the postpartum dosage of pitocin be admin? why is it admin? |
|
Definition
| Give immediately after placenta is delivered to prevent postpartum hemorrhage and atony |
|
|
Term
| State one contraindication to the use of ergot drugs (Methergine). |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| State five symptoms of respiratory distress in the newborn. |
|
Definition
| Tachypnea, dusky color, flaring nares, retractions, and grunting |
|
|
Term
| If meconium was passed in utero, what action must the nurse take in the delivery room? |
|
Definition
| arrange for immediate endotracheal tube observation to determine the presence of meconium below the vocal cords (prevents pneumonitis and meconium aspiration syndrome) |
|
|
Term
| what is considered a good apgar score? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the purpose of eye prophylaxis in a newborn? |
|
Definition
| to prevent ophthalmia neonatrum, which results from exposure to gonorrhea in the vagina |
|
|
Term
| hypotension commonly occurs after the laboring client receives a regional block, what is one of the first signs the nurse might observe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 actions the nurse should take when hypotension occurs in a laboring client? |
|
Definition
| turn on left side, admin O2 mask 10L/min, increase speed of intravenous infusion fluids (if it does not contain medicine) |
|
|
Term
| the 4th state is defined as |
|
Definition
| the first 1-4 hours after delivery of the placenta |
|
|
Term
| what actions can the nurse take to assist in preventing postpartum hemorrhage? |
|
Definition
| massage the fundus, keep the bladder emptied |
|
|
Term
| To promote comfort, what nursing interventions are used for a third-degree episiotomy, which extends into the anal sphincter? |
|
Definition
| Ice pack, witch hazel compresses; and no rectal manipulation |
|
|
Term
| List the symptoms of a full bladder that might occur in the fourth stage of labor |
|
Definition
| Fundus above umbilicus; dextroverted (to the right side of abdomen); increased bleeding (uterine atony) |
|
|
Term
| What are the symptoms of hypovelmic shock? |
|
Definition
| Pallor, Clammy skin, tachycardia, lightheadedness, hypotension |
|
|
Term
| How often should the nurse check the fundus during the fourth stage of labor? |
|
Definition
| Every 15 minutes for 1 hour; every 30 mins for 2 hours if normal |
|
|
Term
| premonitory signs of labor |
|
Definition
-braxton hicks contractions
- bloody show
-rupture of membranes
-burst of energy |
|
|
Term
| narrowest inlet diameter of mothers pelvis |
|
Definition
| Anterior-Posterior Diameter -approximately 11 cm |
|
|
Term
| largest inlet diameter of mothers pelvis |
|
Definition
| transverse diameter approximately 12.4-13.5 |
|
|
Term
| narrowest outlet diameter of pelvis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| largest outlet diameter of pelvis |
|
Definition
| posterior diameter 9.5-11.51 q2 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area over the occipital bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the presenting part of the fetus has settled far enough into the pelvis to be at the level of the ischial spines - midpoint of the pelvis, also called lightening |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the relationship of the presenting part to the level of the ischial spines |
|
|
Term
fetal position
most common pos? |
|
Definition
the position of the presenting part to the maternal pelvis
LOA or ROA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| length of time from the onset of one contraction to the onset of the next |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| length of time from onset through increment, acme, decrement until contraction ends |
|
|
Term
contraction intensity
mild-
strong-
moderate- |
|
Definition
indented easily
firm, cannot be easily indented with fingertips
moderate- falls b/w these two
firm, cannot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| onset of true labor to complete dialation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complete dialation to birth of newborn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| birth of newborn to delivery of placenta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1-4 hours after devliery to control bleeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
last part of first stage of labor
strong contractions 1.5-2 min...60-90 sec, dialation approaches 10cm, rectal pressure, desire to bear down, increased amount of bloody show |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complete cervical dialation, feta head descends, perineum descends |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| birth of infant, placental speration- about 5 minutes after birth, considered retained if 30 min have elapsed since birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| downward movement of biparietal diameter of the fetal head within the pelvic inlet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| along with descent, the fetal head bends forward onto the chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occiput rotates until it is just below the symphysis pubis to bring head into the best diameter of the pelvis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| as the occiput is born, the back of the neck stops beneath the pubic arch and acts as a pivot for the rest of the head |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when the head is born, the head rotates back to the transverse position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| early decelerations is caused by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| associated with fetal hypoxia |
|
|
Term
| blood value changes during maternal response to labor |
|
Definition
WBC increases 25,000-30,000
maternal blood gluclose decreases |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| implantation of placenta in lower segment |
|
|
Term
| causes of placenta previa |
|
Definition
| increased parity, advanced maternal age, past cesarean birth, past uterine curettage, multiple gestation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sharp stabbing pain high in fudus, pain/tenderness, hard board like uterus |
|
|
Term
| infant born under 37 weeks gestation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of normal newborn respiration |
|
Definition
diaphramgmatic, shallow, irregular
nose breathers
increased use of intercostal muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| flow of body heat to cooler surrounding air |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| loss of heat through conversion of liquid to a vapor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| head transferred to a cooler solid object that is not in contact with the infant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| newborns who cannot increase resp. rate cannot oxygenate their tissues which results in catabolism of body cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| glycogen stores are depleted from the cold stress |
|
|
Term
| normal newborn temperature |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal newborn heart rate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal newborn respirations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| signs of respiratory distress |
|
Definition
| seesaw respirations, flaring nares, grunitng, retractions |
|
|
Term
| protects fetus from changes in temp, allows freedom of fetal movement, protects cord from pressure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prevents kinking and knotting of the umbilical cord |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| opening between the right and left atria of the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fetal blood vessel connecting the umbilibal vein with the inferior vena cava |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fetal blood vessel connecting the pulmonary artery and the aorta |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| at what times is the APGAR evaluation done on a newborn? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 signs that are evaluated in APGAR score |
|
Definition
| heart rate, respiration, muscle tone, reflexes and color |
|
|
Term
| when is physiological jaundice evident and how long does it last |
|
Definition
| second or third day in life, lasts about a week |
|
|
Term
| how much weight does a term infant lose in the first few days of life |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| edema of the infants scalp that occurs during the birth process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of blood under the periosteum of a cranial bone, SWELLING DOES NOT CROSS THE SUTURE LINES |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
increase in CSF within the ventricles of the brain
-causes pressure changes in the brain
-increase in head size
-results from an imbalance between production and absorption of CSF or improper formation of ventricles. |
|
|
Term
| classic signs of hydrocephalus |
|
Definition
-increase in head size
-cranial sutures seperate to accomodate enlarged mass
-scalp is shiny
-veins are dilated |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of increasing intercranial pressure |
|
Definition
-bulging fontanelles
-decrease in pulse rate
-decrease in respirations
-increased blood pressure
-high pitched cry
- unequal pupil size or response to light
-irritability or lethargy
-poor feeding |
|
|
Term
| peoperative nursing care for hydrocephalus |
|
Definition
-frequent position changes of the head to prevent skin breakdown and hydrostatic pneumonia, head must be supported throughout turning process
- head must be supported while being fed
- measure head circumference along with other vital signs |
|
|
Term
| postop hydrocephalus care |
|
Definition
-assess for signs of increased intracranial pressure
-protect infant from infection
-depress shunt "pump" as ordered by surgeon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical repair of cleft lip |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| teaching a skill to a child who is handicapped from birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brains ventricles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess levels of bilirubin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brain damage due to the accumulation of bilirubin in brain tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| large fetal or newborn body size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| form of spina bifida in which portions of the membranes and cerebrospinal fluid are contained in a cystic mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| suggest developmental his dysplsia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| maintains hip abduction in the treatment of developmental hip dysplasia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| single transverse line across the palm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| partial displacement of the head of the femur from the acetabulum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inspection of a cavity or organ by passing a light through its walls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presence of one extra chromosome in a body cell |
|
|
Term
| recommendation for all women related to prevention of neural tube defects such as meningomyelocele? |
|
Definition
| 0.4 mg of folic acid/ day |
|
|
Term
| 3 ways of treating club foot |
|
Definition
splinting or casting
passive stretching or exercises
surgical intervention after 3 months if not effective |
|
|
Term
| 4 signs of hip dysplasia in an infant |
|
Definition
limited abduction of the affected leg
one buttocks higher than other
unequal number of major skin folds
barolows test |
|
|
Term
| 5 circumstances in which RH immuglobin is indicated |
|
Definition
72 hours after birth
28 weeks gestation
after spontaneous or elective abortion
after amniocentesis
women with bleeding during pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| 2 permanent effects of intercranial hemorrhage |
|
Definition
mental retardation
cerebal palsy |
|
|
Term
| what is FSH responsible for? |
|
Definition
| maturation of ovum (early in cycle) |
|
|
Term
| what is LH responsible for? |
|
Definition
| ovulation and growth of uterine lining and development of corpus luteum. |
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 stages of the uterine cyclese? |
|
Definition
| proliferative, secretory, ischemic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cessation of menstrual cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bleeding b/w menstrual cycle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excessive or prolonged menstruation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| absence of menstrual flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what hormone causes body temperature for elevate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Herpes simplex
s&s-
treatment- |
|
Definition
lesions on genitalia, itching, pain, blisters that ulcerates and encrusts.
Acyclovir (zovirax), Valcyclovir (Valtrex), Famciclovir (Famvir)
analgesics, warm sitz baths, bed rest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
warty growths
no treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
heavy greyish white discharge, itching
doxyclin or zithromax |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dysuria, serous milky purulent discharge, abnormal menses, dyspareunia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
deep ulcer usually painless, copper colored rash on soles and palms, can spread to fetus
-penicillin |
|
|
Term
| what hormones do the ovaries release? |
|
Definition
| estrogen and progesterone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cramplike pains caused by intermittent contractions after child birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bluish discoloration of the hands and feet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stroking of the sole of feet. fanning extension of the toes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emotional process where parents come to love the baby |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| localized swelling of the soft tissue of the scalp pressure during labor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of blood b/w the periosteum and skull bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical removal of the foreskin from the penis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complication of ineffective thermoregulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| initial milk that begins to be secreted during mid-pregnancy |
|
|
Term
| diastasis recti abdominis |
|
Definition
| separation of the abdominal muscle |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| small white cysts found on the gums |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection of the endometrial lining, decidua and adjacent myometrium and uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| father being absorbed and preoccupied with the infant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| collection of the clotted blood within the tissues |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uterus returns to non-pregnant state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| yellow discoloration of skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uterine debris discharged after childbirth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 10 days to 3-6 weeks, colorless/white |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 3-10 days, pink -brownish |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection in the breast involving interlobular connective tissue |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| raised white spots on the face, especially across the nose |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bluish purple spots of pigmentation- back, shoulder, and buttocks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hold infant and lower quickly, arms extend along with fingers then brought back clenched |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nares flaring with inhilation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| finger placed in palm, infant grabs finger |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection of the peritoneum and possibly pelvis abscess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure applied to balls of feet, plantar flexion of toes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 6 weeks following childbirth, from delivery to return of organs to a normal state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| usually resolves within 10-14 days |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| delay of the uterus in returning to the prepregnancy state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 2-3 days postpartum, passive and dependent, talk about delivery, personal needs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| appearance of the presenting part of the fetus at the opening of the vagina |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| opening of the cervix, measured in cm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical incision of the perineal body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thinning or stretching of the cervix, measured in % |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| presenting part of the fetus has settled for enough into the pelvis to be at the level of the ischial spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| downward movement of the biparietal diameter of the head to within the pelvic inlet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relationship of the presenting part to the level of the ischial spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relationship of the maternal longitudinal axis (spine) to the fetal spine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| part of the fetus that is entering the pelvic inlet first |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| change in shape of the fetal skull produced by the force of uterine contractions pressing the vertex against the closed cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| uterine contractions cause effacement and dilation of the cervix and descent of the fetus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fetal head bends forward onto chest |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fetal long axis horizontal and forms a right angle to maternal axis and will not accommodate vaginal birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| artificial rupture of amniotic sac |
|
|
Term
| cephalopelvic disproportion |
|
Definition
| inability of the fetus to fit through the pelvis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| circular swelling on the neonates head caused by vacuum extractor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| infection of the amniotic sac |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| substance that swells within the cervix dilating it slightly |
|
|
Term
| 5 prodromal signs of labor the nurse might teach the pt |
|
Definition
| lightening, braxton hicks contractions, increased bloody show, loss of mucus plug, burst of energy, and nesting behaviors |
|
|
Term
| how is true labor discriminated from false labor |
|
Definition
true- regular, rhythmic contractions, pain in the abd to back, cervical changes
false- irregular rhythm, abd pain (not in back)decreases with ambulation |
|
|
Term
| 2 ways to determine whether the membranes have truly ruptured |
|
Definition
nitrazine testing- paper turns dark blue or black
demonstration of fluid ferning under microscope |
|
|
Term
| 2 reasons to withhold anesthesia and analgesia until the mid-active phase of stage 1 labor |
|
Definition
| if given too early it can retard labor, if given too late it can cause fetal distress |
|
|
Term
| maternal changes that characterize the transitional phase of labor |
|
Definition
| irritability and unwillingness to be touched, but does not want to be left alone, vomiting, hiccupping |
|
|
Term
| where is the fetal heart rate best heard |
|
Definition
| through the fetal back in vertex, OA positions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 4 nursing actions during the second stage of labor |
|
Definition
| make sure cervix is completely dilated before pushing is allowed, assess FHR with each contraction, teach woman to hold breath for no longer than 10 sec, teach pushing technique |
|
|
Term
| one contraindication to the use of ergot drugs (Methergine) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 5 symptoms of respiratory distress in a newborn |
|
Definition
| tachypnea, dusky color, flaring nares, retractions, and grunting |
|
|
Term
| what is considered a good apgar score |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the danger associated with regional block? |
|
Definition
| hypotension resulting from vasodilation below the block, which pools blood in the periphery reducing venous return |
|
|
Term
| what is the major cause of maternal death when general anesthesia is administered? |
|
Definition
| aspiration of gastric contents |
|
|
Term
| 3 interventions the nurse should take when hypotension occurs in a laboring client? |
|
Definition
| turn to left side. admin 02 by mask at 8-10ml/min. increase speed of intravenous infusion (if it does not contain medicine) |
|
|
Term
| 4th stage of the laboring client? |
|
Definition
| the first 1-4 hours after the delivery of the placenta |
|
|
Term
| what actions can the nurse take to assist in preventing postpartum hemorrhage? |
|
Definition
| massage the fundus, and keep the bladder empty |
|
|
Term
| symptoms of hypovolemic shock? |
|
Definition
| pallor, calmmy skin, tachycardia, lightheadedness, hypotension |
|
|
Term
| how often should the nurse check the fundus during the 4th stage of labor? |
|
Definition
| every 15 min for 1 hour, every 30 min for 2 hours if normal. |
|
|
Term
| how much blood is lost during a hemorrhage? |
|
Definition
| 500cc after vaginal birth, 1000 after c-section |
|
|
Term
| early and late hemorrhage? |
|
Definition
early within 14 hours of birth
late after 24 hours until weeks |
|
|
Term
| first most likely sign of hypovolemic shock? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| medical management of hypovolemic shock? |
|
Definition
-stop blood loss
-iv fluids
-blood transfusion
-oxygen
-foley catheter to monitor renal function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| -dizziness, faint/lightheadedness, h&h decreased, tiredness/fatigue, iron supplements needed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fundus is hard to find, boggy
high fundal height and or deviated
increased lochia and large clots
collection of blood within the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| severe pain unrelieved by analgesics, pressure in the vulva vagina or rectum, inability to urinate, signs and concealed blood loss if hematoma is large enough (with increase pulse/respirations and decreased BP) |
|
|
Term
| risk factors of hematoma and treatment |
|
Definition
prolonged labor, large baby, forceps or vacuum extractor
ice pack, report unrelieved pain, keep client npo |
|
|
Term
| late postpartum hemorrhage treatment |
|
Definition
oxytocin, methergine, prostaglandins
ultrasound
d&c
antibiotics |
|
|
Term
| s&s of pulmonary embolism |
|
Definition
sudden chest pain
cough
dyspnea
decreased LOC
sign of hear failure |
|
|
Term
| metritis (uterine infection) s&s |
|
Definition
uterine tendeness
enlarged uterus
prolonged and severe cramping
foul-smelling lochia |
|
|
Term
| medical treatment for metritis |
|
Definition
| iv antibiotics, analgesics, put in upright position to promote drainage of lochia, peri-care |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| antibiotics and continued removal of milk from breast, analgesics, I&D and IV antibiotics if abscess forms |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
elevated fundal height
persistant lochia rubra or abnormal progression
pelvic pain, heaviness |
|
|
Term
| 4 P's of the birth process |
|
Definition
-powers
-passage
-passenger
-psyche |
|
|
Term
| 3 major assessments performed promptly on admission |
|
Definition
-fetal condition
-maternal condition
-impending birth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dilation and effacement (4-6) hours |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expulsion of fetus (30 min to 2 hours) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| expulsion of placenta (5-30 min) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is included in an Apgar assessment |
|
Definition
-heart rate
-respiratory rate
-muscle tone
-reflex response to suction or gentle stimulation of the soles of the feet
-skin color |
|
|
Term
| immediate PP period (the 4th stage of labor) main focus's |
|
Definition
first 4 hours after birth of placenta or until mother is stable
identify & preventing hemorrage
evaluating and intervening in pain
observe bladder function/urinary output
evaluating recovery from anesthesia
promoting bonding/attachment |
|
|
Term
| lochia that has a constant trickle with a firm fundus could be an indication of what? |
|
Definition
| laceration of the cervix or vagina |
|
|
Term
| what blood values that change during preg and puerperium? |
|
Definition
clotting factors are higher
h&h low
WBC 12,000- 20,000 mm3 |
|
|
Term
| what body temp would indicate infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the first 2-3 voids after delivery should be how many ml's? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| amniotic fluids, bath water |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| contact with cold surfaces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| near a cold surface (walls, cold metal surface, ect) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| drafts, 02 vents, windows, air conditioners |
|
|
Term
| how long does it take for cord to fall off and what should parents avoid until this happens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| blood sugar that indicates hypoglycemia in a newborn |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| s&s of hypoglycemia is a newborn |
|
Definition
lethargy/poor muscle tone
low temp
sweating
jitteriness
resp difficulty
high pitched cry
seizures |
|
|
Term
| what is PKU (Phenylketonuria) |
|
Definition
| disease of metabolism that is inherited as an autosomal trait. absence of the liver enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase prevents conversion of phenylalanine an essential amino acid |
|
|
Term
| what complications does PKU cause? |
|
Definition
| permanent brain damage resulting in severe brain damage, urine will have a musty odor and may effect the entire child |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| screen infant after 2 full days of feeding |
|
|
Term
| reason for vitamin K administration |
|
Definition
| temp. deficiency of vit. K due to sterile intestines. vit k is essential for coagulation of blood |
|
|
Term
| Erythromycin eye ointment |
|
Definition
| prevents blindness from infection acquired from mother such as gonorrhea or chlamydia |
|
|
Term
| s&s of baby born to a narcotic addicted mother |
|
Definition
hyperactivity, hyperreflexia
hypoxia
high pitched cry
muscle rigidity and seizures
poor suck-swallow reflex |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| causes manufacture of breast milk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| causes milk to be delivered from aveoli through duct system to nipple (let down reflex) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| thin, yellowish and rich in antibodies, protein and vitamins and minerals, laxative effect |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emerges in 7-10 days, less antibodies, but more lactose, fat and calories |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| begins 14 days after birth, bluish color, thin and has 20 cal/ounce and all nutrients needed by infant |
|
|
Term
| positions for breastfeeding |
|
Definition
| cradle hold, football hold, side lying position |
|
|
Term
| nutrition during lactation |
|
Definition
| additional 500 calories, 8-10 glasses of water, calcium supplement may be needed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased pressure caused by descent of babys head |
|
|
Term
| birth passage, 3 sections |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| space between the fontanels |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| area over the occipital bone |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to fit through the birth canal the fetus must present what diameter? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what does + and - station indicate? |
|
Definition
+ station pp below ischial spine
- station is above ischial spine |
|
|
Term
fetal positions
1st 2nd and 3rd letter indications |
|
Definition
1st- whether the landmark is pointing toward the mothers left or right
2nd- fetal landmark
third letter- defines whether the landmark points anteriorly posteriorly or transversely |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| longest phase, building up or increasing in strength |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decreasing in strength, interval b/w contractions decreases from 10-15 min to 2-3 min, duration also changes from 20-30 sec to 60-90 sec |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| length of time from the onset of one contraction to the onset of the next |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| length of time from onset through increment,acme, decrement until contraction ends |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| onset of true labor to complete dialation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| complete dilation to birth of newborn |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| birth of newborn to delivery of placenta |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
latent phase- reg. contractions, ROM, cervix begins to dilate
active phase- cervix dilates 4-7 cm, fetal descent is progressive
transition- dilation approaches 10 cm, desire to bear down, bloody show, strong contactions 1.5-2 min 60-90 sec |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| occiput rotates until it is just below the symphysis pubis to bring head into the best diameter of the pelvis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when the head is born the head rotates back to the transverse position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| once the head is born the neck untwists turning the head to the side |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| once shoulders are born the rest of the baby delivers rapidly because of smaller size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
u shape
symmetric
no acceleration before or after
caused by compression of fetal head by cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
u shaped
symmetric
occur after the contraction
no acceleration before or after
associated with fetal hypoxia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
v shape
may occur with or after the contraction
may see an acceleration before and after contraction
hypoxia possible |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dizziness, tingling in hands and feet, cramps and muscle spasms of hands, numbness around the nose or mouth, blurred vision |
|
|
Term
| when should narcotic (opioid) analgesics be avoided? |
|
Definition
| if birth anticipated within 1 hour |
|
|
Term
| adverse effects of general anesthesia in mother |
|
Definition
| reguritation with aspiration of gastric contents, can result in chemical injury to lungs |
|
|
Term
| prostaglandin in gel or vaginal insert form is applied for what reason? |
|
Definition
| labor induction, softening of the cervix |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| normal newborn respiration |
|
Definition
| 30-60 (chest and abdomen rise together) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgical reinforcement of the cervix with heavy ligature placed submucosally around the cervix to strengthen it and prevent premature cervical dilation |
|
|
Term
| how often should temp be checked after ROM? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| superficial vaginal mucosa or perineal skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| involves vaginal mucosa, perineal skin, and deeper tissues of the perineum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| same as second degree, plus involves anal sphincter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| extends through the anal sphinter into the rectal mucosa |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased muscle tone, usually occurs during the latent phase of labor, characterized by contractions that are frequent, cramplike and poorly coordinated painful but not productive |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decreased muscle tone, labor beings normally but diminishes during active phase, more likely to occur if uterus is overdistended, more likely to occur if uterus is overdistended |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
large fetus, weighs more than 8.8 lbs
may not fit through the birth canal
can contribute to hypotonic labor dysfunction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
usually occurs when fetus is too large
is an emergency
fetal chest cannot expand and the fetus needs to be able to breath |
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