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Japanese Grammar Comprehension
Contains example sentences and their English translations from "Tae Kim's Japanese Guide To Japanese Grammer" (www.guidetoJapanese.org)
131
Language - Japanese
Not Applicable
03/17/2009
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Cards

Term
学生じゃない人は、学校に行かない。
 Definition
Person who is not student do not go to school.
Term
子供だったアリスが立派な大人になった。
 Definition
 The Alice that was a child became a fine adult.
Term
友達じゃなかったアリスは、いい友達になった。
 Definition
Alice who was not a friend, became a good friend.
Term
先週に医者だったボブは、仕事を辞めた。
 Definition
Bob who was a doctor last week quit his job.
Term
先週に映画を見た人は誰？
 Definition
Who is person who watched movie last week?
Term
ボブは、いつも勉強する人だ。
 Definition
Bob is a person who always studies.
Term
晩ご飯を食べなかった人は、映画で見た銀行に行った。
 Definition
Person who did not eat dinner went to the bank she saw at movie.
Term
赤いズボンを買う友達はボブだ
 Definition
Friend who buy red pants is Bob.
Term
スプーンとフォークで魚を食べた。
 Definition
Ate fish by means of fork and spoon.
Term
本と雑誌と葉書を買った。
 Definition
Bought book, magazine, and post card.
Term
友達と話した。
 Definition
Talked with friend.
Term
　先生と会った。
 Definition
Met with teacher.
Term
飲み物やカップやナプキンは、いらない？
 Definition
You don't need (things like) drink, cup, or napkin, etc.?
Term
靴やシャツを買う。
 Definition
Buy (things like) shoes and shirt, etc...
Term
飲み物とかカップとかナプキンは、いらない？
 Definition
You don't need (things like) drink, cup, or napkin, etc.?
Term
靴とかシャツを買う。
 Definition
Buy (things like) shoes and shirt, etc...
Term
ボブは、アメリカの大学の学生だ。
 Definition
Bob is student of college of America.
Term
　白いのは、かわいい。
 Definition
Thing that is white is cute.
Term
授業に行くのを忘れた。
 Definition
Forgot the event of going to class.
Term
毎日勉強するのは大変。
 Definition
The thing of studying every day is tough.
Term
毎日同じ物を食べるのは、面白くない。
 Definition
It's not interesting to eat same thing every day.
Term
静かな部屋が、アリスの部屋だ。
 Definition
Quiet room is room of Alice.
Term
静かなのが、アリスの部屋だ。
 Definition
Quiet one is room of Alice.
Term
今は忙しいの。
 Definition
The thing is that (I'm) busy now.[Feminine]
Term
今は忙しいのだ。
 Definition
The thing is that (I'm) busy now.[Masculine]
Term
　今は忙しいの？
 Definition
Is it that (you) are busy now? [gender-neutral]
Term
ジムのだ。
 Definition
It is of Jim. (It is Jim's.)
Term
ジムなのだ。
 Definition
It is Jim (with explanatory tone).
Term
アリス：　どこに行くの？
ボブ：　授業に行くんだ。
 Definition
Alice: Where are you going? (Seeking explanation)
Bob: I'm going to class. (Explanatory)
Term
アリス：　今、授業があるんじゃない？
ボブ：　今は、ないんだ。
 Definition
Alice: Don't you have class now? (Expecting that there is class)
Bob: No, there is no class now. (Explanatory)
Term
アリス：　今、授業がないんじゃない？
ボブ：　ううん、ある。
 Definition
Alice: Don't you not have class now? (Expecting that there is no class)
Bob: No, I do have class.
Term
アリス：　その人が買うんじゃなかったの？
ボブ：　ううん、先生が買うんだ。
 Definition
Alice: Wasn't that person going to buy? (Expecting that the person would buy)
Bob: No, the teacher is going to. (Explanatory)
Term
アリス：　朝ご飯を食べるんじゃなかった。
ボブ：　どうして？
 Definition
Alice: Should not have eaten breakfast, you know. (Explaining that breakfast wasn't to be eaten)
Bob: How come?
Term
ボブは朝ご飯を早く食べた。
 Definition
Bob quickly ate breakfast.
Term
アリスは自分の部屋をきれいにした。
 Definition
Alice did her own room toward clean.
Term
映画をたくさん見た。
 Definition
Saw a lot of movies.
Term
最近、全然食べない。
 Definition
Lately, don't eat at all.
Term
ボブの声は、結構大きい。
 Definition
Bob's voice is fairly large.
Term
この町は、最近大きく変わった。
 Definition
This town had changed greatly lately.
Term
図書館の中では、静かにする。
 Definition
Within the library, [we] do things quietly.
Term
ボブ：　いい天気だね。
アリス：　そうね。
 Definition

Bob: Good weather, huh?

Alice: That is so, isn't it?

Term
アリス：　おもしろい映画だったね。
ボブ：　え？全然おもしろくなかった。
 Definition

Alice: That was interesting movie, wasn't it?

Bob: Huh? No, it wasn't interesting at all.

Term
アリス：　時間がないよ。
ボブ：　大丈夫だよ。
 Definition

Alice: You know, there is no time.

 Bob: It's ok, you know.

Term
アリス：　今日はいい天気だね。
ボブ：　うん。でも、明日雨が降るよ。
 Definition

Alice:Good weather today, huh?

Bob: Yeah. But it will rain tomorrow, you know.

Term
ボブは、魚が好きなんだよね
 Definition
You know, you like fish, dontcha?
Term
明日、映画を見に行く。
 Definition
Tomorrow, go to see movie.
Term
昨日、友達が遊びにきた。
 Definition
Yesterday, friend came to play.
Term
明日、大学に行きます。
 Definition
Tomorrow, go to college.
Term
先週、ボブに会いましたよ。
 Definition
You know, met Bob last week.
Term
　晩ご飯を食べませんでしたね。
 Definition
Didn't eat dinner, huh?
Term
面白くない映画は見ません。
 Definition
About not interesting movies, do not see (them).
Term
子犬はとても好きです。
 Definition
About puppies, like very much.
Term
　昨日、時間がなかったんです。
 Definition
It was that there was no time yesterday.
Term
その部屋はあまり静かじゃないです。
 Definition
That room is not very quiet.
Term
先週に見た映画は、とても面白かったです。
 Definition
Movie saw last week was very interesting.
Term
　その部屋はあまり静かじゃないですよ。
 Definition
You know, that room is not very quiet.
Term
そうだと思います
 Definition
I think that is so
Term
田中さん：　お母さんはどこですか。
鈴木さん：　母は買い物に行きました。
 Definition

Where is (your) mother?

(My) mother went shopping. 

Term
お母さんはどこですか。
 Definition
Where is (your) mother?
Term
母は買い物に行きました。
 Definition
(My) mother went shopping.
Term
イタリア料理を食べに行きませんか。
 Definition
Go to eat Italian food?
Term
すみません。ちょっと、お腹がいっぱいです。
 Definition
Sorry. (My) stomach is a little full.
Term
こんなのを本当に食べるか？
 Definition
Do you think [he/she] will really eat this type of thing?
Term
そんなのは、あるかよ！
 Definition
Do I look like I would have something like that?!
Term
こんなのを本当に食べる？
 Definition
Are you really going to eat something like this?
Term
そんなのは、あるの？
 Definition
Do you have something like that?
Term
昨日何を食べたか忘れた。
 Definition
Forgot what I ate yesterday.
Term
彼は何を言ったかわからない。
 Definition
Don't understand what he said.
Term
先生が学校に行ったか教えない？
 Definition
Won't you inform me whether teacher went to school?
Term
先生が学校に行ったかどうか知らない。
 Definition
Don't know whether or not teacher went to school.
Term
先生が学校に行ったか行かなかったか知らない。
 Definition
Don't know whether teacher went to school or didn't.
Term
　誰かがおいしいクッキーを全部食べた。
 Definition
Someone ate all the delicious cookies.
Term
　誰が盗んだのか、誰か知りませんか。
 Definition
Does anybody know who stole it?
Term
犯人をどこかで見ましたか。
 Definition
Did you see the criminal somewhere?
Term
この中からどれかを選ぶの。
 Definition
(Explaining) You are to select a certain one from inside this [selection].
Term
　この質問の答えは、誰も知らない。
 Definition
Nobody knows the answer of this question.
Term
友達はいつも遅れる。
 Definition
Friend is always late.
Term
　ここにあるレストランはどれもおいしくない
 Definition
Any and all restaurants that are here are not tasty.
Term
今週末は、どこにも行かなかった。
 Definition
Went nowhere this weekend.
Term
この質問の答えは、誰でも分かる。
 Definition
Anybody understands the answer of this question.
Term
昼ご飯は、どこでもいいです。
 Definition
About lunch, anywhere is good.
Term
あの人は、本当に何でも食べる。
 Definition
That person really eats anything.
Term
私の部屋は、きれいで、静かで、とても好き。
 Definition
My room is clean, quiet, and I like it a lot.
Term
彼女は、学生じゃなくて、先生だ。
 Definition
She is not a student, she is a teacher.
Term
田中さんは、お金持ちで、かっこよくて、魅力的ですね。
 Definition
Tanaka-san is rich, handsome, and charming, isn't he?
Term
食堂に行って、昼ご飯を食べて、昼寝をする。
 Definition
I will go to cafeteria, eat lunch, and take a nap.
Term
食堂に行って、昼ご飯を食べて、昼寝をした。
 Definition
I went to cafeteria, ate lunch, and took a nap.
Term
　時間がありまして、映画を見ました。
 Definition
There was time and I watched a movie.
Term
時間がなかったからパーティーに行きませんでした。
 Definition
There was no time so didn't go to party.
Term
友達からプレゼントが来た。
 Definition
Present came from friend.
Term
友達だからプレゼントが来た。
 Definition
Present came because (the person is) friend. (This sentence sounds a bit odd.)
Term
　どうしてパーティーに行きませんでしたか。
 Definition
Why didn't you go to the party?
Term
時間がなかったからです。
 Definition
It's because I didn't have time.
Term
一郎）　パーティーに行かなかったの？
直子）　うん、時間がなかったから。
 Definition

You didn't go to the party?

Yeah, because I didn't have time. 

Term

　時間がなかった。

　だからパーティーに行かなかったの？

Definition

I didn't have time.

Is that why you didn't go to the party. 

Term
時間がなかったからパーティーに行きませんでした。
 Definition
There was no time so didn't go to party.
Term
友達からプレゼントが来た。
 Definition
Present came from friend.
Term
友達だからプレゼントが来た。
 Definition
Present came because (the person is) friend. (This sentence sounds a bit odd.)
Term
田中さん）　どうしてパーティーに行きませんでしたか。
山田さん）　時間がなかったからです。
 Definition

Why didn't you go to the party?

It's because I didn't have time. 

Term
一郎）　パーティーに行かなかったの？\
直子）　うん、時間がなかったから。
 Definition

You didn't go to the party?

Yeah, because I didn't have time. 

Term
　時間がなかった。
 Definition
I didn't have time.
Term
　だからパーティーに行かなかったの？
 Definition
Is that why you didn't go to the party?
Term
ちょっと忙しいので、そろそろ失礼します。
 Definition
Because I'm a little busy, I'll be making my leave soon.
Term
私は学生なので、お金がないんです。
 Definition
Because I'm a student, I have no money (lit: there is no money).
Term
ここは静かなので、とても穏やかです。
 Definition
It is very calm here because it is quiet.
Term
なので、友達に会う時間がない。
 Definition
That's why there's no time to meet friend.
Term
時間がなかったんでパーティーに行かなかった。
 Definition
Didn't go to the party because there was no time.
Term
ここは静かなんで、とても穏やかです。
 Definition
It is very calm here because it is quiet.
Term
なんで、友達に会う時間がない。
 Definition
That's why there's no time to meet friend.
Term
毎日運動したのに、全然痩せなかった。
 Definition
Despite exercising every day, I didn't get thinner.
Term
学生なのに、彼女は勉強しない。
 Definition
Despite being a student, she does not study.
Term
デパートに行きましたが、何も欲しくなかったです。
 Definition
I went to department store but there was nothing I wanted.
Term
友達に聞いたけど、知らなかった。
 Definition
I asked (or heard from) a friend but he (or I) didn't know.
Term
今日は暇だけど、明日は忙しい。
 Definition
I'm free today but I will be busy tomorrow.
Term
だけど、彼がまだ好きなの。
 Definition
That may be so, but it is that I still like him. (explanation, feminine tone)
Term
デパートに行きましたが、いい物がたくさんありました。
 Definition
I went to the department store and there was a lot of good stuff.
Term
マトリックスを見たけど、面白かった。
 Definition
I watched the "Matrix" and it was interesting.
Term

どうして友達じゃないんですか？

　先生だし、年上だし・・・。

Definition

Why isn't him/her friend (seeking explanation)?

Well, he's/she's the teacher, and older... 

Term

どうして彼が好きなの？

優しいし、かっこいいし、面白いから。

Definition

Why (do you) like him?

Because he's kind, attractive, and interesting (among other things). 

Term
映画を見たり、本を読んだり、昼寝したりする。
 Definition
I do things like (among other things) watch movies, read books, and take naps.
Term
この大学の授業は簡単だったり、難しかったりする。
 Definition
Class of this college is sometimes easy, sometimes difficult (and other times something else maybe).
Term
映画を見たり、本を読んだりした。
 Definition
I did things like (among other things) watch movies, and read books.
Term
　映画を見たり、本を読んだりしない。
 Definition
I don't do things like (among other things) watch movies, and read books.
Term
　映画を見たり、本を読んだりしなかった。
 Definition
I didn't do things like (among other things) watch movies, and read books.
Term
友達は何をしているの？
 Definition
What is friend doing?
Term
昼ご飯を食べている。
 Definition
(Friend) is eating lunch.
Term
何を読んでいる？
　教科書を読んでいます。
 Definition

What are you reading?

I am reading textbook. 

Term

話を聞いていますか。

ううん、聞いていない。

Definition

Are you listening to me? (lit: Are you listening to story?)

No, I'm not listening. 

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